AARN: Europe (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Member state equality and procedural fairness in differentiated integration: A republican perspective","authors":"Dirk Leuffen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3888126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3888126","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper builds on (internationalist) republicanism and claims that differentiated integration (DI) must be designed in a way that honours the principle of freedom as non-domination. When implemented in such a way, DI ensures rather than threatens the principle of member state–and thereby citizens–equality. I argue that democratic member states through their EU membership self-bind themselves to associative obligations that call for respecting the other member states’ equality and freedom. However, associative obligations do not apply to non-member states; on this ground, an important difference between internal and external differentiation can be established. Finally, the research paper argues–and illustrates with selected examples–that procedural justice or fairness can assure legitimacy of DI.","PeriodicalId":236925,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Europe (Topic)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132424118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stuck in ENP purgatory? An Assessment of the EU's External Legitimacy Mechanisms","authors":"Magdalena Góra, Marcin Zubek","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3887428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3887428","url":null,"abstract":"The EU is developing closer ties with some of its neighbours, creating various forms of external differentiated integration (EDI). Since these relations are continuously asymmetrical in terms of power, scholars raise the issue of how power and dominance feature in such structures. The main aim of this research paper is to investigate how, in the context of EDI, the EU creates structures in the framework of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP), and specifically the Eastern Partnership (EaP), that allow more participation and increasing input and throughput legitimacy for partner countries and their societies. Secondly, the paper shows how political actors from partner countries perceive these structures and tools and what improvements they propose. This is done through analysis of the mechanisms and practices which the EU is employing to improve participation and external legitimacy within the ENP. The research paper consists of a theoretical section, in which we examine the EU’s interdependence and EDI structures in the neighbourhood as well as using the concept of dominance to unpack its characteristics. This is followed by an analysis of external EU legitimacy and its indicators treated as a means to improve relations with the neighbours. In the empirical section, we identify and analyse selected mechanisms through which the EU is trying to improve its external legitimacy in the neighbourhood. We mainly look at two institutional tools: (1) consultations on the ENP reform and (2) the ENP Interparliamentary Assemblies (EuroNEST).","PeriodicalId":236925,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Europe (Topic)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117130391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polish Citizens in a Transformed Society: A Social Contract Perspective on Business and Ethics in Poland","authors":"Iwona Kuraszko, N. Smith","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3553194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3553194","url":null,"abstract":"When 10 million Polish workers united to form the Solidarity movement in 1980, it became the first domino to fall in a chain of events that led to the collapse of the Soviet Empire. Within Poland, Solidarity created a social contract for rebuilding Polish society with the values of justice, dignity and freedom. Yet the actual transformation that Poland underwent emphasized mainly freedom, of those three values. Leaders implemented “shock therapy” to transform the economic system into a free market economy—with scant regard to the effects on human welfare. Today, Poland is regarded as one of the success stories of the post-Soviet transformation. But many Polish workers and consumers have felt excluded from the gains in living standards. Critics complain that the values of dignity and justice were ignored in the process of bolstering Poland’s economic freedom. Illustrating this at the level of the firm are cases on a labor strike and a consumer protest that also show Polish citizens challenging the terms of the social contract under which businesses operate in Poland. The discussion concludes that, in newly established democracies, social contracts must continually evolve as the population awakens to the challenges of creating a free and inclusive society.","PeriodicalId":236925,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Europe (Topic)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117228875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"European Union Citizenship and the Unlawful Denial of Member State Nationality","authors":"W. T. Worster","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3459635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3459635","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly some European Union Member States are undertaking practices to revoke or refuse nationality, and thus EU citizenship. The problem is that some of these practices are unlawful, meaning that the refusal of EU citizenship might also be unlawful in turn. This article will question the impact of measures denying nationality on EU citizenship, and conclude that, when an EU Member State unlawfully denies nationality, the person can nonetheless still acquire and assert EU citizenship.As international and European law continues to develop, it increasingly constrains state freedom in adopting domestic nationality law. Regarding the revocation of Member State nationality, EU law demands that the state consider the possibly disproportionate consequential loss of EU citizenship. European human rights law limits revocation for the impact that act has on other human rights, such as freedom from discrimination and the right to one’s identity. International law also restricts revocation of nationality when it results in statelessness or constitutes an arbitrary or discriminatory act. Regarding the refusal of Member State nationality acquisition, the same sources also constrain state freedom. EU law and European human rights law demand that such a refusal not otherwise infringe other human rights, and international law obliges states to protect every person’s right to a nationality. In many ways, both international and European law now make some revocations or refusals of nationality unlawful.If a denial of Member State nationality is indeed unlawful, then the next question is whether such an unlawful act can have consequences for EU citizenship. Under both international law and European law, there are several remedies for an unlawful act. For example, EU Member States must act in line with the duty of sincere cooperation. Also, under international law, unlawful acts cannot create legal rights. This article will argue that, when the denial of Member State nationality is unlawful, other Member States, and the Union itself, may nonetheless recognize and give effect to EU citizenship.","PeriodicalId":236925,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Europe (Topic)","volume":"55 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127120594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brexit, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity: What about the People?","authors":"Carmelo Danisi, M. Dustin, N. Ferreira","doi":"10.31235/osf.io/cymt6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/cymt6","url":null,"abstract":"Slowly, but surely, awareness is increasing about the possible impact of Brexit on individuals who identify, or are identified as, members of minorities based on their sexual orientation or gender identity (SOGI). After explorations of this theme by Wintemute and by us, Cooper, Cooper et al., and the Trade Union Congress all alerted people to the potentially detrimental effect that Brexit may have on SOGI minorities.It is critical to note that these SOGI minorities are far from monolithic, and any potential impact of Brexit for them will be different at a sub-group and even at an individual level. Broad-brush, abstract policy analyses on this theme – as on any other theme – fail to capture the essentially individual nature of the relationship between SOGI minorities and Brexit, as one of the most divisive and hotly contested topics in British society for many decades.In this short piece, we wish to delve into that individuality, bringing to the fore just some of the voices within the ‘SOGI minorities’ umbrella and listening to their concerns, fears and hopes in relation to Brexit – both specifically related to their identity and more generally about life after Brexit.","PeriodicalId":236925,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Europe (Topic)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133961958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"European Mega Deals During the Sixth Merger Wave. Is the Legal Origin of the Bidder and the Target a Determinant of Short-Term Investor Reaction?","authors":"Monica Martinez-Blasco, Francesc Martori, Xavier Auguets","doi":"10.26595/eamr.2014.4.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26595/eamr.2014.4.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the mega merger and acquisition announcements during the sixth merger wave in Continental Europe, this paper presents an analysis of the influence of the bidder and target legal origins in the short-term reactions of the cumulative abnormal returns, the cumulative absolute abnormal returns and the volume traded. 92 bids occurred between 2003 and 2007 have studied. Our main result is a short term negative abnormal return for the bidder stockholders' firms as a consequence of the announcement, which can be mainly associated to the presence of companies whose legal origin is German. This reaction is also accompanied with a significant effect above the average level in the market volatility and the volume traded. Finally, there does not seem to be any significant different reaction depending on whether operations happen between companies from the same legal origin or from a different one.","PeriodicalId":236925,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Europe (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130829570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moldovan Perception of Greece as a Tourism Destination","authors":"S. Cazacu","doi":"10.25103/IJBESAR.102.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25103/IJBESAR.102.05","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This research study analyzes Moldovans' intentions to visit Greece, and their perceptions of Greece's image as a tourism destination, according to the following dimensions: (1) environmental beauty and convenience, (2) country's citizens, (3) place and architectural structure, (4) shopping and tourist accommodation and (5) similarity of the local culture and cuisine with the Moldovan one. The goal is split into four objectives. Design/methodology/approach: For attaining the goal, a self-administered questionnaire was delivered. The empirical study was conducted in the capital of Moldova. The findings are based upon a sample of 139 respondents. Findings: The findings reveal that, overall, Greece's image as a tourist destination among Moldovan consumers is partially positive. The perceptions of the tourism dimensions were evaluated in the descending order as follows: place and architectural structure, shopping and tourist accommodation, environmental beauty and convenience, country's citizens and similarity of the local culture and cuisine with the Moldovan one. Research limitations/implications: As it was undertaken only in the capital of Republic of Moldova and because most respondents are young people and females, the findings of this investigation do not absolutely reflect the perceptions of all Moldovans. Also, because the number of respondents is small, it is not representative of the whole Moldovan population. Hence, the results might not be very realistic and accurate. Originality/value: This study provides insightful theoretical implications and practical recommendations in creating marketing strategies that would help in managing and improving Greece's image as a destination among Moldovan tourists. Also, no study, at least to the researcher's knowledge, has evaluated Greece's image as a destination among Moldovan consumers. Finally, due to the increasing number of Moldovan tourists in Greece, it is important that Greece grasps this opportunity and positively influences the intentions of the visiting Moldovans via a positive destination image.","PeriodicalId":236925,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Europe (Topic)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127759756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on DeSoucey: Gastronationalism or Gastroregionalism?","authors":"H. Lelieveldt","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2984754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2984754","url":null,"abstract":"This comment re-examines a core element of DeSoucey’s gastronationalism thesis: the claim that the European Union’s product-quality scheme for foods should be interpreted as an attempt to rescue national food traditions from the homogenizing tendencies of a globalizing economy. Through a legal analysis and an analysis of all territorial denominations I show that the scheme in fact does the opposite: it deliberately emphasizes regional and local territorial origins of foods and downplays the significance of national identities. Secondly, while DeSoucey presents the scheme as a policy that seeks to ‘rescue’ threatened national food identities from the homogenizing forces of the single market, I show that its main rationale is a purely economic one. This corrigendum to DeSoucey’s analysis is vital to understand the differentiated levels of territorial identification to which food is connected and to better appreciate the ways in which different social and political actors use food as identity politics at different scalar levels.","PeriodicalId":236925,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Europe (Topic)","volume":"24 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117007889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standards, Tariffs and Trade: The Rise and Fall of the Raisin Trade between Greece and France in the Late 19th Century and the Definition of Wine","authors":"Giulia Meloni, J. Swinnen","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2919311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2919311","url":null,"abstract":"There is much debate on the impact of product and process standards on trade. The conceptual arguments are complex and empirical evidence is mixed. We analyze the impact of standards and tariffs on the dramatic rise and fall of the raisin trade between France and Greece in the course of 25 years at the end of the 19th century. The case illustrates how product standards can be used to address consumer concerns and to protect producer interests. Economic conditions and French policies first stimulated Greek raisin imports. Later, changing conditions and political pressures led to the introduction of tariffs and wine standards which caused major declines in Greek exports and ultimately the bankruptcy of the Greek economy. Interestingly, this trade episode of more than a century ago still has a regulatory legacy today as it is the origin of the EU’s definition of wine.","PeriodicalId":236925,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Europe (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114797319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biztonságpolitika És Migráció - Különös Tekintettel a Nyugat-Balkáni Migrációs Útvonalra (Policy and Security Implications of the Refugee Crisis in Western Balkans)","authors":"Fatlum Gashi","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2890987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2890987","url":null,"abstract":"Hungarian Abstract: A humanitarius problemakent indulo menekultvalsag mara Europa-szerte biztonsagpolitikai kerdesse alakult. A migracios valsagot egy sor populista politikai hang nemcsak az egyes orszagok letet fenyegető, de az egesz kontinenst es az Europai Unio jovőjet veszelybe sodro kockazatkent allitotta be, amely ramutatott az EU legitimitasbeli es hatekonysagbeli gyengesegere. A veszelyforras fenyeben szamos megvedendő „targy” (referent object) emelkedett ki az ertekek kozul: kultura, vallas, moralitas, nők, gyerekek, stb. Mind vedelemre szorulnak egy „radikalisan kulonboző kulturabol” bearamlo embertomeggel szemben, amely teljes mertekben osszeferhetetlen az „europai eletmoddal”, ebben az ertelmezesi keretben, egy feher, kereszteny eletmoddal. Az ilyesfele retorika ekes peldaja a menekultek biztonsagiasitasi (securitisation / szekuritizacio) folyamatanak, amely kereteben egy politikai szemely – ez esetben a menekult / migrans – mint veszelyforras kerul definialasra. Mint ilyen, egy egesz tarsadalom letbiztonsagat veszelyezteti, es igy kulonleges eszkozokkel is fel lehet lepni vele szemben.4 A biztonsagiasitas tehat a veszely diszkurziv termelese egy politikai szemely jelenletere epitve, amely mint „mas” van szembeallitva a „normalis” biztonsagi targgyal, amelyet meg kell vedeni a diszkurziv modon előallitott veszely forrasatol. A jelen problema kontextusan belul a migracios valsag biztonsagiasitasa tobb parhuzamosan futo biztonsagiasitasi folyamat es esemeny osszefonodasa, amely szamos teruletet magaba foglal, ugy, mint vallas, gender, gazdasagi helyzet, egeszsegugy, politika. Ezen folyamatok es esemenyek lehetőve teszik egymas letrejottet, kulonoskepp, mikor a biztonsagiasitasi folyamatok legfőbb osztonzői populista politikai erők, amelyek sajat bevallasuk szerint, a ’csendes tobbseget’ kepviselik orszagaikon belul.English Abstract: The study of Political Capital and the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung in Budapest offers a coherent view of the situation in the Western Balkans with regards to the impact of the refugee crisis, focusing on the policy and security implications of the refugee crisis in the region. After presenting a short overview of the refugee and migrant crisis, the study analyzes the alternative migration routes and continues to explore some of the most important questions of the Western Balkans refugee and migrant route, such as the border control, human rights abuses, and human smuggling, etc. The paper describes the policy responses of Serbia, Croatia and Macedonia to the refugee and migrant crisis, how their policies are affected by the EU-Turkey deal and what possible impact the refugee and migrant crisis may have on the Western Balkan countries ethnic conflicts.","PeriodicalId":236925,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Europe (Topic)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132211195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}