World Journal of Hepatology最新文献

{"title":"Predictors and prognosticators of outcomes in alcoholic hepatitis: A retrospective single center study.","authors":"Kevin Yang, Naren Nallapeta, Nariman Hossein-Javaheri, Alexander Carlson, Brian Quigley, Thomas Mahl","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i2.102152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v17.i2.102152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Various prognostic scores have been developed to predict mortality and response to steroids in alcoholic hepatitis (AH). We aimed to further validate and compare these scores, particularly pre-day 7 Lille scores, in addition to identifying reliable predictors of complications and mortality such as renal dysfunction and nutritional status.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify predictors of complications and mortality in AH, particularly focusing on demographics, renal involvement, underlying liver disease, and nutrition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective analysis of patients admitted to a large urban tertiary care center with AH from 2020 to 2022. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to compare established prognostic scores with Lille scores from day 3 to day 7 (LM3-7). Logistic regression equations were conducted to identify predictor variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Severe AH (SAH) as defined by Maddrey's discriminant function ≥ 32 was diagnosed in 150 out of 425 patients with AH. LM3-7 had 28-day mortality rates in the responder group of 7%-11%, while in the non-responder group, mortality rates were approximately 38%-42%. LM3-7 had 90-day mortality rates in the responder group of 12% to 17%, while in the non-responder group, mortality rates were 48%-53%. Furthermore, all LM3-7 scores showed comparable efficacy in predicting mortality using ROC curve analysis; Area under ROC ranged from 0.771 to 0.802 for 28-day mortality and 0.743 to 0.809 for 90-day mortality. Regarding complications and mortality in AH, significant predictors included poor nutritional status, underlying cirrhosis, and acute renal dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LM3-6 is as accurate as LM7 in predicting corticosteroid efficacy for 28-day and 90-day mortality in patients with SAH. Holding glucocorticoids early during the disease course can prevent unnecessary complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 2","pages":"102152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features of abnormal α-fetoprotein in 15 patients with chronic viral hepatitis B after treatment with antiviral drugs.","authors":"Man-Lei Jiang, Fei Xu, Jin-Long Li, Jia-Yu Luo, Jiang-Ling Hu, Xian-Qiang Zeng","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.100392","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.100392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver function of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients is essentially normal after treatment with antiviral drugs. In rare cases, persistently abnormally elevated α-fetoprotein (AFP) is seen in CHB patients following long-term antiviral treatment. However, in the absence of imaging evidence of liver cancer, a reasonable explanation for this phenomenon is still lacking.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the causes of abnormal AFP in patients with CHB who were not diagnosed with liver cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From November 2019 to May 2023, 15 patients with CHB after antiviral treatment and elevated AFP were selected. Clinical data and quality indicators related to laboratory testing, imaging data, and pathological data were obtained through inpatient medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients had increased AFP and significantly elevated IgG. Cancer was excluded by imaging examination. Only four patients had elevated alanine aminotransferase, 10 had elevated aspartate aminotransferase, nine had elevated total bilirubin, and two had antinuclear antibodies. The liver biopsy and histopathological examination indicated that 14 patients had rosette, moderate, or higher interfacial inflammation, lymphocyte infiltration, and severe hepatic fibers (11 cases), which was consistent with the pathological features of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). After 8-12 week of hormone therapy, the levels of AFP and IgG, and liver function returned to normal (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For patients with CHB and elevated AFP after antiviral treatment, autoimmune hepatitis should be considered. CHB with AIH is clinically insidious and difficult to detect, and prone to progression to cirrhosis. Liver puncture pathological examination should be performed when necessary to confirm diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"100392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B core-related antigen as a promising serological marker for monitoring hepatitis B virus cure.","authors":"Yue Qiu, Qiao Tang, Xiao-Qing Liu, Yun-Ling Xue, Yi Zeng, Peng Hu","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.98658","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.98658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health concern. The current sequential endpoints for the treatment of HBV infection include viral suppression, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion, functional cure, and covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) clearance. Serum hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) is an emerging HBV marker comprising three components: HBeAg, hepatitis B core antigen, and p22cr. It responds well to the transcriptional activity of cccDNA in the patient's liver and is a promising alternative marker for serological testing. There is a strong correlation, and a decrease in its level corresponds to sustained viral suppression. In patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), serum HBcrAg levels are good predictors of HBeAg seroconversion (both spontaneous and after antiviral therapy), particularly in HBeAg-positive patients. Both low baseline HBcrAg levels and decreasing levels early in antiviral therapy favored HBsAg seroconversion, which may serve as a good surrogate option for treatment endpoints. In this review, we summarize the role of serum HBcrAg in the treatment of CHB. Therefore, long-term continuous monitoring of serum HBcrAg levels contributes to the clinical management of patients with CHB and optimizes the choice of treatment regimen, making it a promising marker for monitoring HBV cure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"98658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B virus infection and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease: Rising pandemic with complex interaction.","authors":"Ammara A Majeed, Amna S Butt","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.100968","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.100968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to sedentary lifestyle and rising prevalence of obesity, patients with general population and those who are infected with chronic hepatitis B are found to have metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Both chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and MASLD can damage hepatocytes in their own way, but concomitant HBV-MASLD has its own clinical implications. Cherry on top is the presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension or obesity which added more chances of unfavorable outcomes in these patients. In this article, we comment on the article by Wang <i>et al</i> published in the recent issue. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the complex interaction between HBV-MASLD, HBV alone and MASLD alone patients. We discuss key findings from recent studies, including the promising outcomes observed in patients with concurrent HBV and MASLD, warrants further research. The insights presented here offer renewed understanding of this complex interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"100968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of cardiometabolic co-morbidities in patients with <i>vs</i> persons without chronic hepatitis B: The FitLiver cohort study.","authors":"Sofie Jespersen, Asmita Fritt-Rasmussen, Sten Madsbad, Bente K Pedersen, Rikke Krogh-Madsen, Nina Weis","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.97797","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.97797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) affects > 300 million people worldwide. The combination of CHB and cardiometabolic co-morbidities increases the risk of liver-related morbidity and mortality. However, international guidelines for CHB treatment do not provide recommendations for follow-up examinations or treatment of patients with CHB and cardiometabolic comorbidities. In studies investigating cardiometabolic co-morbidity in patients with CHB, inconsistent findings have been observed, and both lower and higher prevalence of cardiometabolic co-morbidities compared to the general population have been reported. It is unclear whether patients with CHB living in Denmark have an increased prevalence of cardiometabolic co-morbidities.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities in patients with CHB and matched non-CHB comparison group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined patients with CHB and age-, sex-, body mass index (BMI)-, and country-of-birth matched comparison group. Defining cardiometabolic co-morbidity: Obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m²/abnormal waist-to-hip ratio), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), hypercholesterolemia (total-cholesterol > 5 mmol/L/statin use), hypertension (systolic ≥ 135 mmHg/ diastolic ≥ 85 mmHg/antihypertensive medication) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) (2-hour oral glucose tolerance test glucose > 11.1 mmol/L/HbA1c > 48 mmol/mol/ antidiabetic medication). Physical activity was evaluated using maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max), activity monitors, and a questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 98 patients with CHB and 49 persons in the comparison group. The two groups were well-matched, showing no significant differences in age, sex, BMI, country-of-birth, education, or employment. Among patients with CHB, the following prevalence of cardiometabolic co-morbidity was found: 77% were obese, 45% had MASLD, 38% had hypercholesterolemia, 26% had hypertension, and 7% had T2D, which did not differ significantly from the comparison group, apart from lower prevalence of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 48 mmol/L or known T2D. Both groups had low VO₂max of 27 mL/kg/minute in the patients with CHB and 30 mL/kg/minute in the comparison group, and the patients with CHB had a shorter self-assessed sitting time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The patients with CHB and the comparison group were well-matched and had a similar prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities. Furthermore, both groups had low levels of physical fitness.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"97797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative diagnostic tool aids screening for minimal hepatic encephalopathy in non-alcoholic cirrhosis patients.","authors":"Ting Li, Ya-Ping Li","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.101420","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.101420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this editorial we comment on the article by Jiang <i>et al</i>. We focus on the EncephalApp Stroop test which is an innovative, smartphone-based tool specifically designed for screening minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) in cirrhosis patients. Traditional MHE screening methods, while highly sensitive and specific, are often complex, time-consuming, and require controlled environmental conditions, limiting their widespread clinical use. The EncephalApp Stroop test simplifies the screening process, enhances diagnostic efficiency, and is applicable across diverse cultural contexts. However, the combination of additional biomarkers could further improve diagnostic accuracy. Despite its promising potential, more multicenter clinical studies are required to validate its effectiveness and applicability on a global scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"101420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic eosinophilic pseudotumor due to <i>Fasciola hepatica</i> infection mimicking intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A case report.","authors":"Kim-Long Le, Minh-Quang Tran, Tri-Nhan Pham, Nhu Ngoc-Quynh Duong, Thien Thuan Dinh, Nguyen-Khoi Le","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.101664","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.101664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatic eosinophilic pseudotumor (HEPT) is a rare condition that mimics malignant hepatic tumors, posing significant diagnostic challenges. This case report highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections like <i>Fasciola hepatica</i> (<i>F. hepatica</i>) in the differential diagnosis of hepatic masses, especially in endemic regions, to prevent unnecessary interventions.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 40-year-old female presented with a 1-month history of epigastric pain and significant weight loss. Imaging revealed a hepatic mass, initially misdiagnosed as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Laboratory results showed marked eosinophilia, and histopathological examination confirmed significant eosinophilic infiltration without malignancy. Serological testing identified <i>F. hepatica</i> infection. The patient was treated with a single dose of triclabendazole, leading to complete symptom resolution and normalization of hepatic imaging findings within days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HEPT due to <i>F. hepatica</i> can closely mimic malignancy; timely antiparasitic treatment is crucial for resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"101664"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of different severity scores in correlating hemoglobin levels with the severity of hepatic decompensation: An observational study.","authors":"Himayat Ullah, Sarwat Huma, Ghulam Yasin, Muhammad Ashraf, Nafisa Tahir, Qazi Tahir Uddin, Hossam Shabana, Mostafa A R Hussein, Abdulrahman Shalaby, Mohammad Mossaad Alsayyad, Ashraf Said, Ali Farahat, Hani Ismail Hamed, Hazem Sayed Ahmed Ayoub, Mohammed S Imam, Essam Elmahdi","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.101212","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.101212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic liver disease is a growing global health problem, leading to hepatic decompensation characterized by an array of clinical and biochemical complications. Several scoring systems have been introduced in assessing the severity of hepatic decompensation with the most frequent ones are Child-Pugh score, model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and MELD-Na score. Anemia is frequently observed in cirrhotic patients and is linked to worsened clinical outcomes. Although studies have explored anemia in liver disease, few have investigated the correlation of hemoglobin level with the severity of hepatic decompensation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the relationship between hemoglobin levels and the severity of decompensated liver disease and comparing the strength of this correlation using the Child-Pugh, MELD, and MELD-Na scores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital with 652 decompensated liver disease patients enrolled in the study. Data was collected on demographics, clinical history, and laboratory findings, including hemoglobin levels, bilirubin, albumin, prothrombin time (international normalized ratio), sodium, and creatinine. The Child-Pugh, MELD, and MELD-Na scores were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26, and correlations between hemoglobin levels and severity scores were assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 405 males (62.1%) and 247 females (37.9%) with an average age of 58.8 years. Significant inverse correlations were found between hemoglobin levels and Child-Pugh, MELD, and MELD-Na scores (<i>P</i> < 0.01), with the MELD scoring system being the strongest correlator among all. One-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in hemoglobin levels across the severity groups of each scoring system (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Tukey's post hoc analysis confirmed significant internal differences among each severity group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding the correlation between hemoglobin and liver disease severity can improve patient management by offering insights into prognosis and guiding treatment decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"101212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of the association between <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.","authors":"Guo-E Gou, Ting Li, Chen-Rui Liu, Ting Meng, Ya-Ping Li","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.101798","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.101798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection is a known inducer of various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastritis, gastric ulcers, and gastric cancer. However, in recent years, research on the potential association between <i>H. pylori</i> infection and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) has been scarce. This large-scale multicenter study, covering more than 360 hospitals across 26 medical systems in the United States, systematically evaluated the association between <i>H. pylori</i> infection and MASH. This paper reviews the innovative aspects of this study, discusses its significance in the current research field of <i>H. pylori</i> and liver diseases, analyzes potential molecular mechanisms, and suggests future research directions and therapeutic prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"101798"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances and challenges in molecular understanding, early detection, and targeted treatment of liver cancer.","authors":"Ji Shi, Xu Zhu, Jun-Bo Yang","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.102273","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.102273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this review, we explore the application of next-generation sequencing in liver cancer research, highlighting its potential in modern oncology. Liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma, is driven by a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Key genetic alterations, such as mutations in <i>TERT</i>, <i>TP53</i>, and <i>CTNNB1</i>, alongside epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and histone remodeling, disrupt regulatory pathways and promote tumorigenesis. Environmental factors, including viral infections, alcohol consumption, and metabolic disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, enhance hepatocarcinogenesis. The tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in liver cancer progression and therapy resistance, with immune cell infiltration, fibrosis, and angiogenesis supporting cancer cell survival. Advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies have shown potential, but the unique immunosuppressive milieu in liver cancer presents challenges. Dysregulation in pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin underscores the need for targeted therapeutic strategies. Next-generation sequencing is accelerating the identification of genetic and epigenetic alterations, enabling more precise diagnosis and personalized treatment plans. A deeper understanding of these molecular mechanisms is essential for advancing early detection and developing effective therapies against liver cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"102273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}