Water Science and Technology最新文献_第2页

FO process for concentrating electroless nickel spent tank liquid: influence of pH on membrane fouling. 化学镀镍废罐液FO浓缩工艺：pH对膜污染的影响。

IF 2.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Science and Technology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-19 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2026.301

Jia-Yu Xu, Xinguang Wang, Hao Xie, Ting Pan, Yong Zhang, Yong Chen

{"title":"FO process for concentrating electroless nickel spent tank liquid: influence of pH on membrane fouling.","authors":"Jia-Yu Xu, Xinguang Wang, Hao Xie, Ting Pan, Yong Zhang, Yong Chen","doi":"10.2166/wst.2026.301","DOIUrl":"10.2166/wst.2026.301","url":null,"abstract":"The control of pH is crucial for controlling inorganic membrane fouling during the forward osmosis (FO) process. In this study, two commercial FO membranes were employed to investigate the effect of pH of the pretreated feed solution (FS) on membrane fouling during the FO concentrating of electroless nickel spent tank liquid (ENSTL) pretreated by H2O2 oxidation-CaO precipitation process. The results showed that the cellulose triacetate (CTA) membrane had a higher water flux (up to 6.02 L/(m2 h)) than the aquaporin-based bionic membrane. The retention of total phosphorus, Ni and total organic carbon in both membranes reached up to 99.0%. The membrane fouling layer mainly consisted of a variety of inorganic calcium salt scaling materials (mainly Ca3(PO4)2) with the participation of elements such as P, S, Ni and Si. The AQP membrane with higher surface roughness favored the adsorption of contaminants. By adjusting the pH of FS from 10.0 to 6.0, the membrane fouling components, such as Ca3(PO4)2 and CaHPO4, which had low solubility, were substituted by Ca(H2PO4)2, which had high solubility and could be removed by simple physical cleaning. The pH regulation of the FS (pH = 6.0) improved membrane life and maintained stable FO use for a long period of time.","PeriodicalId":23653,"journal":{"name":"Water Science and Technology","volume":"94 1","pages":"45-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable triphasic macrophyte-substrate-microbial synergies in constructed wetlands for textile wastewater treatment. 人工湿地处理纺织废水的可持续三元植物-基质-微生物协同作用。

IF 2.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Science and Technology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-25 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2026.285

George Mbena, Naveen Chand, Rajat Pant, Manoj Kumar, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Sunil Kumar Singal

{"title":"Sustainable triphasic macrophyte-substrate-microbial synergies in constructed wetlands for textile wastewater treatment.","authors":"George Mbena, Naveen Chand, Rajat Pant, Manoj Kumar, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Sunil Kumar Singal","doi":"10.2166/wst.2026.285","DOIUrl":"10.2166/wst.2026.285","url":null,"abstract":"Textile industries' effluent is highly colored and pollutant rich, posing a significant challenge for the wastewater treatment industry. Untreated or partially treated dye wastewater is often highly toxic, teratogenic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic, posing a serious risk to public health and the ecosystem. Hence, here we synthesize the recent advancement for the textile wastewater treatment. The study evaluates constructed wetlands (CWs) as a sustainable and low-cost technology for treating textile wastewater. The review emphasizes the high toxicity potential of textile effluents due to recalcitrant dyes and associated contaminants, and reviews recent advancements in CW configurations, treatment efficiency, and key mechanisms associated. The review synthesis indicates that CWs have a significant scale-up opportunity if optimized and designed in a planned manner. The reduction of pollutants in CWs is mainly dependent on a combination of chemical, physical, and biological mechanisms to degrade or absorb complex dye molecules. Subsequently, substrate and plant selection become important for the better performance of the CWs for treating textile effluents.","PeriodicalId":23653,"journal":{"name":"Water Science and Technology","volume":"94 1","pages":"148-165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and application of a hydraulic performance evaluation method for denitrification reactors. 反硝化反应器水力性能评价方法的开发与应用。

IF 2.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Science and Technology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-29 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2026.307

Yisheng Zhang, Jie Xu, Siyi Wang, Dengke Yan, Haisong Li

{"title":"Development and application of a hydraulic performance evaluation method for denitrification reactors.","authors":"Yisheng Zhang, Jie Xu, Siyi Wang, Dengke Yan, Haisong Li","doi":"10.2166/wst.2026.307","DOIUrl":"10.2166/wst.2026.307","url":null,"abstract":"The hydraulic characteristics of denitrification reactors are crucial for their efficient and stable operation. The absence of a quantitative assessment framework for reactor flow field structures hinders the establishment of a clear relationship between hydrodynamic conditions and denitrification performance, limiting wastewater treatment optimization. This study proposes a hydraulic performance evaluation method based on cross-sectional velocity distribution uniformity. By integrating computational fluid dynamics simulations with physical experimental validation, the internal flow characteristics of three reactor configurations with different water distributors - spiral flow reactor (SFR), upflow reactor (UFR), and downflow reactor (DFR) - were systematically analyzed. The results demonstrated that the SFR consistently formed a stable three-dimensional spiral flow pattern, exhibiting significantly higher velocity distribution uniformity in the 0.3-0.75 m core reaction zone compared with the UFR and DFR, thereby effectively mitigating short-circuiting and dead zones. All three reactors achieved optimal uniformity at a flow rate of 20 L/min, indicating the existence of an optimal operational condition. Robustness analysis confirmed that the proposed uniformity evaluation method was minimally influenced by the number and arrangement of monitoring points, with the coefficient of variation remaining below 14% under all tested conditions, demonstrating the method's strong stability and practical applicability.","PeriodicalId":23653,"journal":{"name":"Water Science and Technology","volume":"94 1","pages":"180-197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybrid computational fluid dynamics model for dissolved oxygen field prediction in a full-scale wastewater aeration basin. 全尺寸曝气池溶解氧场预测的混合计算流体动力学模型。

IF 2.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Science and Technology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-29 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2026.310

Petri Ukkonen, M Mulas, A Mikola

{"title":"Hybrid computational fluid dynamics model for dissolved oxygen field prediction in a full-scale wastewater aeration basin.","authors":"Petri Ukkonen, M Mulas, A Mikola","doi":"10.2166/wst.2026.310","DOIUrl":"10.2166/wst.2026.310","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to develop a fast surrogate model for spatial dissolved oxygen prediction in a deep, full-scale activated sludge aeration basin and to evaluate its suitability for operational use. A two-phase water-air computational fluid dynamics model was built in COMSOL Multiphysics 6.3 for a basin with a water depth of 12.6 m using a realizable k-epsilon turbulence model. A computational fluid dynamics-informed deep neural network was then trained on computational fluid dynamics-generated datasets using Bayesian hyperparameter optimization. Model performance was evaluated against measured dissolved oxygen data from two independent 24-hour field campaigns. Bootstrap analysis yielded 95% confidence intervals of 0.11-0.40 mg/L for the MAE and 6.0-17.7% for the normalized root mean square error. The surrogate reduced evaluation time from 1,856 seconds to 61-67 milliseconds, corresponding to an average speed-up of about 27,900-fold. These results indicate that the framework can provide real-time spatial dissolved oxygen estimates and show strong potential for plant-specific monitoring and aeration control support.","PeriodicalId":23653,"journal":{"name":"Water Science and Technology","volume":"94 1","pages":"14-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Composition and function of biofilm microbial communities reveal high efficiency potential in carbohydrate metabolism in the mariculture. 生物膜微生物群落的组成和功能揭示了海水养殖碳水化合物代谢的高效潜力。

IF 2.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Science and Technology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-19 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2026.305

Leilei Fan, Fulin Sun

{"title":"Composition and function of biofilm microbial communities reveal high efficiency potential in carbohydrate metabolism in the mariculture.","authors":"Leilei Fan, Fulin Sun","doi":"10.2166/wst.2026.305","DOIUrl":"10.2166/wst.2026.305","url":null,"abstract":"Biofilms on composite carriers may contribute to organic matter transformation in mariculture effluents, but the taxa and carbon-metabolic functions underlying this process remain unclear. This study employed metagenomic sequencing and functional annotation to comprehensively analyze the microbial composition and metabolic potential involved in glycoside hydrolase (GH), glycolysis, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in biofilms, revealing the functional characteristics of microbial communities in carbon metabolism. The results showed high microbial diversity in various carbon metabolism pathways, with Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria, and Planctomycetota being the dominant phyla, and Flavobacteriales and Planctomycetales being the predominant orders across all metabolic pathways. Functional analysis indicated that key enzymes involved in polysaccharide hydrolysis, glycolysis, and the TCA cycle exhibited high abundance. Core functional genes included polysaccharide hydrolases (GH33, GH109), glycolytic enzymes (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphofructokinase), and TCA cycle enzymes (succinate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase). These profiles suggest that carrier-associated biofilm communities harbor coordinated genetic potential for carbohydrate depolymerization and downstream central carbon metabolism in mariculture effluents. This study offers theoretical and practical guidance for developing efficient and sustainable biofilm-based wastewater treatment systems.","PeriodicalId":23653,"journal":{"name":"Water Science and Technology","volume":"94 1","pages":"60-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of flood hazard assessment for decision-making in the White Volta Basin, Ghana. 洪水灾害评估在加纳怀特沃尔特盆地决策中的应用。

IF 2.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Science and Technology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-18 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2026.297

Samuel Owusu Ansah, Yakob Umer, Thompson Annor, Andrew Manoba Limantol, Isaac Larbi, Babatunde Abiodun, Joshua Asamoah, Alfred Awuah, Meron Teferi Taye

{"title":"Application of flood hazard assessment for decision-making in the White Volta Basin, Ghana.","authors":"Samuel Owusu Ansah, Yakob Umer, Thompson Annor, Andrew Manoba Limantol, Isaac Larbi, Babatunde Abiodun, Joshua Asamoah, Alfred Awuah, Meron Teferi Taye","doi":"10.2166/wst.2026.297","DOIUrl":"10.2166/wst.2026.297","url":null,"abstract":"Flooding is a major natural hazard in Ghana, with the White Volta Basin (WVB) highly susceptible due to flat terrain, intense rainfall, and upstream dam releases. The September 2020 flood, caused by heavy rainfall and Bagre Dam spillage, inundated croplands and settlements, revealing the need for impact-based flood intelligence. This study uses the Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System to simulate flood dynamics and assess cropland exposure. Calibration and validation with Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar-derived flood extent showed strong spatial agreement (61-77%). A composite flood hazard index, combining water depth and velocity, classified hazard intensity into seven levels, linking hydraulic severity with crop impacts. The framework guides community-level early warning and preparedness, supporting decision-making by the National Disaster Management Organization (NADMO), Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MoFA), Water Resources Commission (WRC), and Ghana Meteorological Agency (GMet). High-risk areas included Bawku West (22.7%), Binduri (15.1%), and Talensi (6.1%), aiding climate-resilient planning in transboundary basins.","PeriodicalId":23653,"journal":{"name":"Water Science and Technology","volume":"94 1","pages":"123-147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review on magnetic chitosan nanomaterials as sustainable adsorbents for water pollution control. 磁性壳聚糖纳米材料在水污染控制中的可持续吸附研究进展。

IF 2.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Science and Technology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-29 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2026.306

Shohre Mortazavi, Motasem Y D Alazaiza, Maria P Nikolova, Fatemeh Naeijian, Hyeok Choi, Mika Sillanpää

{"title":"Review on magnetic chitosan nanomaterials as sustainable adsorbents for water pollution control.","authors":"Shohre Mortazavi, Motasem Y D Alazaiza, Maria P Nikolova, Fatemeh Naeijian, Hyeok Choi, Mika Sillanpää","doi":"10.2166/wst.2026.306","DOIUrl":"10.2166/wst.2026.306","url":null,"abstract":"Adsorption stands out for its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and high efficiency in removing a wide range of contaminants. However, traditional adsorbents often suffer from limited capacity, selectivity, and reusability. In response to these limitations, a significant research effort has recently focused on developing magnetic chitosan nanomaterials (MCNMs), which combine the inherent biodegradability and biocompatibility of chitosan with magnetic responsiveness for easy separation and reusability. Previous articles reviewed general MCNMs, primarily focusing on their adsorption mechanisms and performance in removing specific pollutants. This review comprehensively discusses recent advances in nanoscale modification of the materials and their applications for enhanced treatment of water containing various heavy metals and pharmaceuticals. A detailed comparison is provided between conventional chitosan materials and their magnetic nano-engineered counterparts (MCNMs), emphasizing improvements in adsorption capacity, kinetics, and regeneration potential. This review also highlights key factors that govern adsorption efficacy, such as pH, surface modification, and pollutant type. By reviewing current trends and challenges in the field, this work aims to guide future research toward the design of more efficient and sustainable water treatment systems, offering a forward-looking perspective on the potential of MCNMs for real-world water and wastewater treatment applications.","PeriodicalId":23653,"journal":{"name":"Water Science and Technology","volume":"94 1","pages":"198-214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infection risk assessment and safe contact distance determination for multi-nozzle water spray aerosols using a DPM-QMRA approach. 基于DPM-QMRA方法的多喷嘴水喷雾气溶胶感染风险评估及安全接触距离确定

IF 2.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Science and Technology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-03 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2026.312

Peng-Cheng Xu, Shu-Qing Yao, Chong-Miao Zhang, Xiaochang C Wang

{"title":"Infection risk assessment and safe contact distance determination for multi-nozzle water spray aerosols using a DPM-QMRA approach.","authors":"Peng-Cheng Xu, Shu-Qing Yao, Chong-Miao Zhang, Xiaochang C Wang","doi":"10.2166/wst.2026.312","DOIUrl":"10.2166/wst.2026.312","url":null,"abstract":"Reclaimed water is increasingly used in spray-based applications, including landscape fountains, urban greening, agricultural irrigation, and road cleaning, to alleviate urban water scarcity. However, these activities can generate pathogen-laden aerosols that pose potential health risks to exposed populations. This study developed an integrated quantitative framework for multi-nozzle spray scenarios to evaluate wind-dependent infection risks and determine differentiated safe contact distances. The discrete phase model (DPM) was used to simulate aerosol transport and spatial distribution, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Coxsackievirus were selected as representative bacterial and viral indicators. By coupling computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA), inhalation exposure and associated infection risks were quantified under varying wind conditions. Results showed that aerosol concentrations and infection risks declined sharply within 10 m of the spray source, whereas higher wind speeds enhanced downwind transport and extended the exposure range. Sensitivity analysis identified pathogen concentration in reclaimed water as the most influential factor, followed by exposure frequency and exposure duration. Based on the U.S. EPA benchmark annual infection risk threshold of 10-4, recommended safe contact distances were >8 m upwind and >10 m downwind. This study provides a scientific basis for risk-informed design and management of reclaimed water spray systems.","PeriodicalId":23653,"journal":{"name":"Water Science and Technology","volume":"94 1","pages":"88-107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anaerobic release of phosphorus and iron from chemical phosphorus removal sludge increases in-plant recycles and creates recovery options. 从化学除磷污泥中厌氧释放磷和铁增加了厂内循环，并创造了回收选择。

IF 2.6 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Science and Technology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-15 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2026.282

Jiawei Liu, Wenxing Zuo, Yiming Zhang, Mohammed Dilshaad Uzair, John W Norton, Majid Khan, Andrea Busch, Brooke Ballard, Glen T Daigger

{"title":"Anaerobic release of phosphorus and iron from chemical phosphorus removal sludge increases in-plant recycles and creates recovery options.","authors":"Jiawei Liu, Wenxing Zuo, Yiming Zhang, Mohammed Dilshaad Uzair, John W Norton, Majid Khan, Andrea Busch, Brooke Ballard, Glen T Daigger","doi":"10.2166/wst.2026.282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2026.282","url":null,"abstract":"The Great Lakes Water Authority (GLWA) Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) practices chemical and biological phosphorus removal. Investigations identified the sources of highly variable solids-handling recycle phosphorus loading, averaging 35% of plant influent loading, but ranging above 100%. Batch reactor testing demonstrated that soluble phosphorus (SP) and iron (SFe) were released when primary sludge (PSD) was held under conditions similar to those in the PSD gravity thickeners. Reduction of ferric to ferrous ions dissolved ferric hydroxide and released ferrous and associated phosphorus into solution. Organics formed through fermentation of raw wastewater solids contained in the PSD chelated the released ferrous, preventing the formation of vivianite that would have reduced SP and SFe concentrations. Released SP and SFe are recycled to the main wastewater stream plant when thickened WAS and PSD are dewatered. The proportionate recycling of phosphorus and iron explains the highly variable primary clarifier phosphorus load, while primary treatment phosphorus removal is sustained at modest mainstream ferric chloride dose, and downstream biological phosphorus removal remains sufficient to meet stringent effluent TP requirements. These results suggest potential opportunities to separately recover phosphorus and recycle iron, which should interest other WRRFs using iron-based chemical phosphorus removal without biological primary sludge stabilization.","PeriodicalId":23653,"journal":{"name":"Water Science and Technology","volume":"93 11","pages":"1534-1549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of a multibarrier treatment combining ozonation and biologically activated carbon for inorganic contaminant removal and effluent disinfection. 臭氧氧化与生物活性炭复合多屏障处理法去除无机污染物及出水消毒的优化研究。

IF 2.6 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Science and Technology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-11 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2026.279

Iure B de Sousa, Jacqueline Aparecida Malvestiti, Rodrigo Pereira Cavalcante, Renato Falcão Dantas

{"title":"Optimization of a multibarrier treatment combining ozonation and biologically activated carbon for inorganic contaminant removal and effluent disinfection.","authors":"Iure B de Sousa, Jacqueline Aparecida Malvestiti, Rodrigo Pereira Cavalcante, Renato Falcão Dantas","doi":"10.2166/wst.2026.279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2026.279","url":null,"abstract":"The development of microbial communities within granular-activated carbon (GAC) transforms it into a highly effective biofilter, integrating adsorption and biodegradation processes for contaminant removal. This study evaluated the performance of an O3-biological-activated carbon (BAC)-O3 system for removal of inorganic contaminants and secondary effluents disinfection. The BAC column was packed with 50 cm of commercial GAC, reaching biological stability after approximately 45 days of operation. System efficiency was assessed based on the removal of sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), chloride (Cl-), and boron (B). A central composite design (CCD) was employed to the treatment process, generating mathematical models, statistically validated, to determine optimal treatment conditions, leading to the selection of an O3 dosage of 4 mg L-1 before and after the BAC stage. The system effectiveness was further tested through the removal of nine metals and microbial disinfection. Results confirmed that the O3-BAC process efficiently removed inorganic contaminants, while the additional post-BAC ozonation step was essential for achieving effluent disinfection. The final treated effluent achieved quality standards suitable for non-potable restricted reuse, and its successful application in hydroponic lettuce cultivation demonstrates a promising avenue for sustainable water reuse in controlled agricultural environments.","PeriodicalId":23653,"journal":{"name":"Water Science and Technology","volume":"93 11","pages":"1550-1562"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0