Vision最新文献 - Book学术

Comparison of Eye Axial Length Measurements Taken Using Partial Coherence Interferometry and OCT Biometry 使用部分相干干涉测量法和 OCT 生物测量法测量眼轴长度的比较

Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.3390/vision8030046

Nicola Rizzieri, Alessio Facchin

引用次数: 0

The Effect of the Zonular Fiber Angle of Insertion on Accommodation 蝶鞍纤维插入角度对适应性的影响

Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.3390/vision8030045

Liying Feng, Barbara K. Pierscionek, Henk Weeber, Carmen Canovas Vidal, Jos J. Rozema

{"title":"The Effect of the Zonular Fiber Angle of Insertion on Accommodation","authors":"Liying Feng, Barbara K. Pierscionek, Henk Weeber, Carmen Canovas Vidal, Jos J. Rozema","doi":"10.3390/vision8030045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision8030045","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: With age, there is an anterior shift of the ciliary body in the eye, which alters the angle of zonular insertion in older eyes compared with younger eyes. This study aims to simulate lens accommodation with different zonular angles to consider the influence of zonular position on lens accommodative capacity. Methods: Models were constructed based on lenses aged 11, 29, and 45 years using a 2D axisymmetric structure that included a capsule, cortex, nucleus, and zonular fibers. The different zonular fibers were simulated by changing the position of the point where the zonular fibers connect to the ciliary body. The effect of the different zonular fiber insertion angles on the model shape and optical power was analyzed. Results: The models show that smaller angles made by zonular fibers to the surface of the lens lead to larger optical power changes with simulated stretching. When the models were stretched, and when varying the zonule angles, the optical power of the 11-, 29-, and 45-year-old models changed up to 0.17 D, 0.24 D, and 0.30 D, respectively. The effect of zonular angles on the anterior radius of curvature of the anterior surface varied by 0.29 mm, 0.23 mm, and 0.25 mm for the 11-, 29-, and 45-year-old models, respectively. Conclusions: Larger zonular fiber insertion angles cause smaller deformation and less accommodative change, while parallel zonules induce the largest change in lens shape.","PeriodicalId":23649,"journal":{"name":"Vision","volume":"112 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceptual Biases in the Interpretation of Non-Rigid Shape Transformations from Motion 从运动中解读非刚性形状变换的感知偏差

Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.3390/vision8030043

Ryne Choi, Jacob Feldman, Manish Singh

{"title":"Perceptual Biases in the Interpretation of Non-Rigid Shape Transformations from Motion","authors":"Ryne Choi, Jacob Feldman, Manish Singh","doi":"10.3390/vision8030043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision8030043","url":null,"abstract":"Most existing research on the perception of 3D shape from motion has focused on rigidly moving objects. However, many natural objects deform non-rigidly, leading to image motion with no rigid interpretation. We investigated potential biases underlying the perception of non-rigid shape interpretations from motion. We presented observers with stimuli that were consistent with two qualitatively different interpretations. Observers were shown a two-part 3D object with the smaller part changing in length dynamically as the whole object rotated back and forth. In two experiments, we studied the misperception (i.e., perceptual reinterpretation) of the non-rigid length change to a part. In Experiment 1, observers misperceived this length change as a part orientation change (i.e., the smaller part was seen as articulating with respect to the larger part). In Experiment 2, the stimuli were similar, except the silhouette of the part was visible in the image. Here, the non-rigid length change was reinterpreted as a rigidly attached part with an “illusory” non-orthogonal horizontal angle relative to the larger part. We developed a model that incorporated this perceptual reinterpretation and could predict observer data. We propose that the visual system may be biased towards part-wise rigid interpretations of non-rigid motion, likely due to the ecological significance of movements of humans and other animals, which are generally constrained to move approximately part-wise rigidly. That is, not all non-rigid deformations are created equal: the visual systems’ prior expectations may bias the system to interpret motion in terms of biologically plausible shape transformations.","PeriodicalId":23649,"journal":{"name":"Vision","volume":" 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141679049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Model of a Macular Buckle and a Refined Surgical Technique for the Treatment of Myopic Traction Maculopathy 治疗近视牵引性黄斑病变的新型黄斑扣模型和改良手术技术

Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/vision8030042

B. Parolini

引用次数: 0

Eyes on Memory: Pupillometry in Encoding and Retrieval 记忆的眼睛：编码和检索中的瞳孔测量法

Vision Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3390/vision8020037

Alex Kafkas

{"title":"Eyes on Memory: Pupillometry in Encoding and Retrieval","authors":"Alex Kafkas","doi":"10.3390/vision8020037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision8020037","url":null,"abstract":"This review critically examines the contributions of pupillometry to memory research, primarily focusing on its enhancement of our understanding of memory encoding and retrieval mechanisms mainly investigated with the recognition memory paradigm. The evidence supports a close link between pupil response and memory formation, notably influenced by the type of novelty detected. This proposal reconciles inconsistencies in the literature regarding pupil response patterns that may predict successful memory formation, and highlights important implications for encoding mechanisms. The review also discusses the pupil old/new effect and its significance in the context of recollection and in reflecting brain signals related to familiarity or novelty detection. Additionally, the capacity of pupil response to serve as a true memory signal and to distinguish between true and false memories is evaluated. The evidence provides insights into the nature of false memories and offers a novel understanding of the cognitive mechanisms involved in memory distortions. When integrated with rigorous experimental design, pupillometry can significantly refine theoretical models of memory encoding and retrieval. Furthermore, combining pupillometry with neuroimaging and pharmacological interventions is identified as a promising direction for future research.","PeriodicalId":23649,"journal":{"name":"Vision","volume":"18 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141340943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subjective Affective Responses to Natural Scenes Require Understanding, Not Spatial Frequency Bands 对自然场景的主观情感反应需要理解，而不是空间频率带

Vision Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/vision8020036

Serena Mastria, Maurizio Codispoti, Virginia Tronelli, Andrea De Cesarei

引用次数: 0

Dynamic Visual Acuity, Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex, and Visual Field in National Football League (NFL) Officiating: Physiology and Visualization Engineering for 3D Virtual On-Field Training 美国国家橄榄球联盟 (NFL) 裁判工作中的动态视力、前庭反射和视野：三维虚拟场上训练的生理学和可视化工程

Vision Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.3390/vision8020035

J. Ong, Nicole V. Carrabba, E. Waisberg, Nasif Zaman, Hamza Memon, Nicholas Panzo, Virginia A. Lee, Prithul Sarker, Ashtyn Z Vogt, Noor Laylani, Alireza Tavakkoli, Andrew G. Lee

{"title":"Dynamic Visual Acuity, Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex, and Visual Field in National Football League (NFL) Officiating: Physiology and Visualization Engineering for 3D Virtual On-Field Training","authors":"J. Ong, Nicole V. Carrabba, E. Waisberg, Nasif Zaman, Hamza Memon, Nicholas Panzo, Virginia A. Lee, Prithul Sarker, Ashtyn Z Vogt, Noor Laylani, Alireza Tavakkoli, Andrew G. Lee","doi":"10.3390/vision8020035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision8020035","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to make on-field, split-second decisions is critical for National Football League (NFL) game officials. Multiple principles in visual function are critical for accuracy and precision of these play calls, including foveation time and unobstructed line of sight, static visual acuity, dynamic visual acuity, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and sufficient visual field. Prior research has shown that a standardized curriculum in these neuro-ophthalmic principles have demonstrated validity and self-rated improvements in understanding, confidence, and likelihood of future utilization by NFL game officials to maximize visual performance during officiating. Virtual reality technology may also be able to help optimize understandings of specific neuro-ophthalmic principles and simulate real-life gameplay. Personal communication between authors and NFL officials and leadership have indicated that there is high interest in 3D virtual on-field training for NFL officiating. In this manuscript, we review the current and past research in this space regarding a neuro-ophthalmic curriculum for NFL officials. We then provide an overview our current visualization engineering process in taking real-life NFL gameplay 2D data and creating 3D environments for virtual reality gameplay training for football officials to practice plays that highlight neuro-ophthalmic principles. We then review in-depth the physiology behind these principles and discuss strategies to implement these principles into virtual reality for football officiating.","PeriodicalId":23649,"journal":{"name":"Vision","volume":"32 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140965378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corneal Nerve Assessment by Aesthesiometry: History, Advancements, and Future Directions 用麻醉测量法评估角膜神经：历史、进展和未来方向

Vision Pub Date : 2024-05-12 DOI: 10.3390/vision8020034

Jordan R. Crabtree, Shadia Tannir, Khoa Tran, C. Boente, Asim Ali, Gregory H. Borschel

{"title":"Corneal Nerve Assessment by Aesthesiometry: History, Advancements, and Future Directions","authors":"Jordan R. Crabtree, Shadia Tannir, Khoa Tran, C. Boente, Asim Ali, Gregory H. Borschel","doi":"10.3390/vision8020034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision8020034","url":null,"abstract":"The measurement of corneal sensation allows clinicians to assess the status of corneal innervation and serves as a crucial indicator of corneal disease and eye health. Many devices are available to assess corneal sensation, including the Cochet–Bonnet aesthesiometer, the Belmonte Aesthesiometer, the Swiss Liquid Jet Aesthesiometer, and the newly introduced Corneal Esthesiometer Brill. Increasing the clinical use of in vivo confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography will allow for greater insight into the diagnosis, classification, and monitoring of ocular surface diseases such as neurotrophic keratopathy; however, formal esthesiometric measurement remains necessary to assess the functional status of corneal nerves. These aesthesiometers vary widely in their mode of corneal stimulus generation and their relative accessibility, precision, and ease of clinical use. The development of future devices to optimize these characteristics, as well as further comparative studies between device types should enable more accurate and precise diagnosis and treatment of corneal innervation deficits. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe the advancements in the use of aesthesiometers since their introduction to clinical practice, compare currently available devices for assessing corneal innervation and their relative limitations, and discuss how the assessment of corneal innervation is crucial to understanding and treating pathologies of the ocular surface.","PeriodicalId":23649,"journal":{"name":"Vision","volume":"102 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140987494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Graph Analysis of the Visual Cortical Network during Naturalistic Movie Viewing Reveals Increased Integration and Decreased Segregation Following Mild TBI 自然电影观看过程中的视觉皮层网络图谱分析表明，轻度创伤性脑损伤后整合功能增强，分离功能减弱

Vision Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.3390/vision8020033

Tatiana Ruiz, Shael Brown, Reza Farivar

{"title":"Graph Analysis of the Visual Cortical Network during Naturalistic Movie Viewing Reveals Increased Integration and Decreased Segregation Following Mild TBI","authors":"Tatiana Ruiz, Shael Brown, Reza Farivar","doi":"10.3390/vision8020033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision8020033","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional neuroimaging methods have identified alterations in brain activity patterns following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), particularly during rest, complex tasks, and normal vision. However, studies using graph theory to examine brain network changes in mTBI have produced varied results, influenced by the specific networks and task demands analyzed. In our study, we employed functional MRI to observe 17 mTBI patients and 54 healthy individuals as they viewed a simple, non-narrative underwater film, simulating everyday visual tasks. This approach revealed significant mTBI-related changes in network connectivity, efficiency, and organization. Specifically, the mTBI group exhibited higher overall connectivity and local network specialization, suggesting enhanced information integration without overwhelming the brain’s processing capabilities. Conversely, these patients showed reduced network segregation, indicating a less compartmentalized brain function compared to healthy controls. These patterns were consistent across various visual cortex subnetworks, except in primary visual areas. Our findings highlight the potential of using naturalistic stimuli in graph-based neuroimaging to understand brain network alterations in mTBI and possibly other conditions affecting brain integration.","PeriodicalId":23649,"journal":{"name":"Vision","volume":" 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In the Eyes of the Future: Eye Movement during Near and Distant Future Thinking 未来之眼近未来和远未来思考过程中的眼球运动

Vision Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.3390/vision8020032

M. El Haj, Ahmed A. Moustafa

引用次数: 0