Wood and Fiber Science最新文献_第7页

A Method to Characterize Biological Degradation of Mass Timber Connections 一种表征大块木材连接生物降解的方法

IF 1.4 4区工程技术

Wood and Fiber Science Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.22382/wfs-2020-040

Arijit Sinha, K. Udele, Jed Cappellazzi, J. Morrell

{"title":"A Method to Characterize Biological Degradation of Mass Timber Connections","authors":"Arijit Sinha, K. Udele, Jed Cappellazzi, J. Morrell","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2020-040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2020-040","url":null,"abstract":"Biological durability issues in cross-laminated timber (CLT) have been majorly ignored in North America because of the European origin of the material and careful construction practices in Europe. However, the risks of fungal and insect attacks are increased by the North American climatic conditions and lack of job-site measures to keep the material dry. The methods to evaluate durability in solid timber are inadequate for use in mass timber (MT) for a number of reasons, such as moisture variation and size being critical issues. This study therefore proposes a method, which is suitable to evaluate the strength of MT assemblies that are exposed to fungal degradation. The objective of the study was to explore a controlled method for assessing the effects of wetting and subsequent fungal attack on the behavior of CLT connections. Two different methods were used to create fungal attack on CLT assemblies. Although they were both successful, one was cumbersome, left room for many errors, and was not as efficient as the other. In addition, a standardized method to evaluate and characterize key performance metric for the connections is presented.","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"419-430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45384067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Estimating lumber properties with acoustic-based technologies—Part 1: Modeling acoustic (stress) wave behavior in clear wood and lumber 用声学技术估算木材特性第1部分：透明木材和木材的声学（应力）波行为建模

IF 1.4 4区工程技术

Wood and Fiber Science Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.22382/wfs-2020-036

C. A. Senalik, F. França, R. D. Seale, R. Ross, R. Shmulsky

引用次数: 4

Editorial: Letter from SWST President Kutnar 社论:来自SWST主席Kutnar的信

IF 1.4 4区工程技术

Wood and Fiber Science Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.22382/wfs-2020-032

A. Kutnar

引用次数: 0

Technical Note: Properties of Wood from Frost-Tolerant Eucalyptus Planted in Brazil 技术说明:巴西种植的耐寒桉树木材的特性

IF 1.4 4区工程技术

Wood and Fiber Science Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.22382/wfs-2020-041

E. C. Lengowski, E. A. B. Júnior, B. Vatras, P. Neto, J. M. R. Barros, S. Nisgoski

{"title":"Technical Note: Properties of Wood from Frost-Tolerant Eucalyptus Planted in Brazil","authors":"E. C. Lengowski, E. A. B. Júnior, B. Vatras, P. Neto, J. M. R. Barros, S. Nisgoski","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2020-041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2020-041","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the technological characteristics of wood is of great importance as it provides information that may help to direct its best use. It is also useful in forest breeding programs and in the choice of which species to plant. Traditionally, the most planted tree in Brazil is the hybrid Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla . The planting of Eucalyptus in Brazilian cold regions has intensified in recent years, and this and other species of the genus have also been used for this. Wood basic density, fiber dimensions, chemical composition, and higher heating value (HHV) of Eucalyptus benthamii , Eucalyptus dunnii , and Eucalyptus saligna , all species with a tolerance to frost, were analyzed. Basic densities, all greater than 460 kg/m 3 , were not significantly different among species. E. dunnii had the longest fiber ().98 mm), the highest holocellulose content, and the lowest lignin content, showing its potential for pulping. E. Benthamii and E. Saligna together have higher lignin content with greater HHV, and so are more indicated for energy. Total extractive and ash content were high, but there were no significant differences among the species.","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"431-435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49075701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

SWST 2020 Awards SWST 2020大奖

IF 1.4 4区工程技术

Wood and Fiber Science Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.22382/wfs-2020-042

S. Levan-Green

引用次数: 0

Effect of Alkali Treatment on the Tensile Properties of Grape Cane Fibers by Integrating Digital Image Correlation Method 利用积分数字图像相关法研究碱处理对葡萄甘蔗纤维拉伸性能的影响

IF 1.4 4区工程技术

Wood and Fiber Science Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.22382/wfs-2020-035

B. F. A. Bakar, F. Kamke

引用次数: 1

Determining Young’s Modulus of Wooden Members with Tenon and Mortise Joint Using Longitudinal Vibration 用纵向振动法测定榫钉连接木构件的杨氏模量

IF 1.4 4区工程技术

Wood and Fiber Science Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.22382/wfs-2020-038

Y. Kubojima, Satomi Sonoda, Hideo Kato

引用次数: 0

Indentation Coefficient and Indentation Behavior of Bamboo 竹子的压痕系数与压痕行为

IF 1.4 4区工程技术

Wood and Fiber Science Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.22382/wfs-2020-033

Xiaomeng Yang, Huanrong Liu, Yuan Chai, Zhengjun Sun, B. Fei, Zehui Jiang

引用次数: 3

New Protocol for Species Mix Testing in Retail Mulch Sample 零售地膜样品物种混合试验新规程

IF 1.4 4区工程技术

Wood and Fiber Science Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.22382/wfs-2020-034

J. Michael, Chuck D. Ray

{"title":"New Protocol for Species Mix Testing in Retail Mulch Sample","authors":"J. Michael, Chuck D. Ray","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2020-034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2020-034","url":null,"abstract":"Many millions of bags of mulch are sold at retail in the United States each year. Most mulch products claim to be of a certain species, with cypress being perhaps the most widely marketed. Unfortunately, it is practically impossible for the average consumer to know with certainty whether a product is indeed the species listed on the packaging. Claims of misleading behavior by some producers raise the question of whether species mix should be more closely monitored. Regulators charged with ensuring fair competition and consumer welfare, however, do not have an accurate means to determine species content. It would be difficult, if not impossible, to determine the species mix for 100% of the wood particles in a package of mulch because of the inability to identify species of the smallest particles, and the impracticality of 100% sampling in the intended use. We propose and develop a new method to allow analysts to estimate the percentage of a given species in samples of mulch, with a focus on cypress. This case study illustrates our methods and highlights the challenges in accurately determining species mix in the type of wood product. We purchased and tested 10 bags of cypress mulch obtained from six different states. Results indicate that one producer was filling some bags with only 50% cypress and others with no cypress. Consumers may therefore suffer as they receive a lower valued species, whereas honest competitors are also harmed. The wood science community could help regulators and consumers by developing a method by which small particles of wood could be positively identified as to species. Improved methods for species identification are relevant for a wide variety of purposes ranging from identifying consumer products to upholding the U.S. Lacey Act.","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"356-364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46093217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antifungal Activity of Organic Acies and Their Impact on Wood Decay Resistance 有机菌的抗真菌活性及其对木材耐腐性的影响

IF 1.4 4区工程技术

Wood and Fiber Science Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.22382/wfs-2020-039

Aitor Barbero-López, Mokbul Hossain, A. Haapala

{"title":"Antifungal Activity of Organic Acies and Their Impact on Wood Decay Resistance","authors":"Aitor Barbero-López, Mokbul Hossain, A. Haapala","doi":"10.22382/wfs-2020-039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2020-039","url":null,"abstract":"Organic acids are present in many bio-based chemicals suggested as active ingredients for wood preservative formulations, but their effects in wood have not been studied. However, an understanding of their effect in wood is necessary. The aim of this study was to determine the antifungal and wood-preserving activities in vitro of acetic, formic, and propionic acids against the wood-decaying fungi Coniophora puteana, Rhodonia (Poria) placenta, Gloeophyullum trabeum , and Trametes versicolor . Mixes of these three acids were also tested for possible synergetic effects. All the acids and mixtures showed antifungal activity against the pure cultures of wood-decaying fungi. Propionic acid by itself had the best performance, inhibiting at 1 g/L concentration the growth of all the decay fungi by 99-100%. Despite the antifungal activity of the organic acids, the pine sapwood specimens treated with 3% and 6% acid solutions and exposed to decay by C. Puteana and G. trabeum did not differ significantly from the untreated pine. Leaching of the sapwood specimens caused an incremental mass loss of the sapwood specimens. In addition, the leached specimens had a lower mass than the specimens before the acid impregnation, indicating that they were damaged by the acidic chemicals. The presence and acidity of organic acids in wood-derived bio0-based chemicals need to be assessed before they are used as wood preservatives.","PeriodicalId":23620,"journal":{"name":"Wood and Fiber Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"410-418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45488465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3