The Journal of Slavic Military Studies最新文献

{"title":"The War on the Eastern Front. The Soviet Union 1941–1945: A Photographic History","authors":"Martijn Lak","doi":"10.1080/13518046.2023.2207050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2023.2207050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":236132,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Slavic Military Studies","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125261806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpreting Russian aims to control the Black Sea region through naval geostrategy (Part One): ‘The Azov-Black Sea basin as a whole […] This is, in fact, a zone of our strategic interests’","authors":"Tobias Kollakowski","doi":"10.1080/13518046.2023.2201112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2023.2201112","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article is the first of two that examine the influence of naval geostrategy in Russian policy and military action in the Black Sea region. Following the dissolution of the USSR, the Russian Federation inherited an unfavorable geostrategic position in the Black Sea theater. Applying models used in naval geostrategy, this article interprets Russian efforts during the twenty-first century’s first decade and a half that aimed at improving the country’s geostrategic position in this region. In a series of consecutive steps, the Kremlin secured and expanded Russian access to sea zones and naval bases at the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea and, simultaneously, minimized Georgia’s and Ukraine’s conditions to develop sea power.","PeriodicalId":236132,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Slavic Military Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132728955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Move Ahead — Diagnosing and Countering Russian Reflexive Control","authors":"John J. Merriam","doi":"10.1080/13518046.2023.2201113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2023.2201113","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Russia’s dramatic return as a malign actor in geopolitics has generated a renewed focus on Russian ‘Reflexive Control Theory’, an information warfare technique in which one actor successfully causes another to voluntarily make decisions to its own detriment by providing carefully selected information. Reflexive control theory has its roots in Soviet-era game theory and is based to a large degree on the remnants of Marxist-Leninist dialectal approaches to cognition and decision-making. A ‘theory of moves’ decision-making model illustrates how Russia practices both ‘constructive’ and ‘destructive’ reflexive control in tandem to induce catastrophic decision-making by its targets. While reflexive control is a dangerous tool under the right conditions, it can be diagnosed and countered once its predicates and characteristics are fully understood.","PeriodicalId":236132,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Slavic Military Studies","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117349072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lend-Lease food aid to Russia/USSR during the Second World War","authors":"M. Suprun","doi":"10.1080/13518046.2023.2207051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2023.2207051","url":null,"abstract":"After the publication of my paper on Lend-Lease food supplies to the Soviet Union in the journal Otechestvennaya Istoria (1996), the Russian-language Internet burst into both professional and nonprofessional comments and publications on the role of Lend-Lease food aid. The browsers’ searching machines at that time already proposed up to 20 publications for a request on the issue. In subsequent years, their number increased significantly, indicating a persistent interest in the topic. Almost all the participants in the discussion agreed about the important role of food supplies for the Soviet Union. However, opinions differed regarding the details. Some, clearly ignoring whole subparagraphs of my article, thought that I had included edible alcohol, feed grain, and seed stock in my calculations. However, I deliberately took those supplies out of the calculations, having stipulated this in the publication. Others, like S. Lugovskoy—the author of the translation and comments of the edited volume by E.R. Stettinius—without any analysis of the calculations simply stated that they were exaggerated. However, this did not prevent him from publishing his work on a translation of the chapters of Stettinius’ book from our book, The Northern Convoys, written nine years earlier. The other participants in the discussion found nothing better than to turn again to the old method of calculations in dollars and tons to determine the role of allies’ food in the overall production of the USSR—a method that I proposed abandoning, considering the calculation in calories to be the most correct, as was","PeriodicalId":236132,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Slavic Military Studies","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128965054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic Steppe: How Kazakhstan Gave Up the Bomb .","authors":"Michael S. Coffey","doi":"10.1080/13518046.2023.2207047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2023.2207047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":236132,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Slavic Military Studies","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123353963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russian Public Health during the First World War","authors":"R. Nachtigal","doi":"10.1080/13518046.2023.2210938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2023.2210938","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Public healthcare came late to Russia, and it developed along two paths: a state system and a community medicine system. The state system developed first with a small number of hospitals in Russia’s capitals (Moscow and St. Petersburg) and some army hospitals, leaving healthcare in rural areas mostly to the individual. When, from the 1860s, zemstvos as institutions of local self-government were introduced, a public healthcare system (“community medicine”) started to be developed. It coincided with the bacteriological revolution and functioned during the great epidemics of, for example, cholera, typhus, and plague. Infectious diseases affected Russia and were often linked to famines, a social affliction with which the government tried to cope. In the late nineteenth century, epidemics led to the foundation of research institutes and laboratories. Shortly before the outbreak of the First World War, the establishment of a ministry for public health was discussed but was postponed. However, it was the Great War that gave impetus to the modernizing process, although initially there was no centralization. Both the state system and the zemstvo systems expanded—for the army as well as for the civilian population. The state and zemstvo systems continued to rival one other, but an outstanding coordinating role was played by a member of the royal family. Leaving the First World War after the October Revolution, Russia immediately plunged into the Civil War, which resulted in the complete dissolution of non-governmental healthcare bodies, which had been so significant during the war. In Bolshevik-controlled Russia, all healthcare institutions were subordinated to a centralized ministry of health, thus abolishing the Unions and the Pirogov Society. This article describes the conflict between the pre-First World War state and zemstvo healthcare systems, the efforts for improvement during the war, and the centralization after the war.","PeriodicalId":236132,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Slavic Military Studies","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115826402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Europe, 1918–1923: Instability, Innovation, Recovery","authors":"D. Clark","doi":"10.1080/13518046.2023.2207048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2023.2207048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":236132,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Slavic Military Studies","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129618877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Soviet Conflicts: The Thirty Years’ Crisis","authors":"Michael S. Coffey","doi":"10.1080/13518046.2022.2156074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2022.2156074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":236132,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Slavic Military Studies","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115689183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Violence in Defeat. The Wehrmacht on German Soil, 1944–1945","authors":"Martijn Lak","doi":"10.1080/13518046.2022.2156078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2022.2156078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":236132,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Slavic Military Studies","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127616657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review essay on The National Composition of the Red Army, 1918–1945. A Historical-Statistical Study, by A. Yu Bezugol’nyi.1","authors":"A. Ganin","doi":"10.1080/13518046.2022.2156081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2022.2156081","url":null,"abstract":"The national aspect of the development of the Red Army is a major and complex scholarly issue that goes beyond the boundaries of specialized military-historical research. This topic is also significant within the framework of the general history of the Soviet period since it allows us to better understand the features of the development of the USSR in the first decades of its existence. To its credit, in 2021 publisher Tsentropoligraf in Moscow published a monograph on this theme, written by Aleksey Yuryevich Bezugol’nyi, a senior researcher at the Scientific and Research Institute of Military History of the Military Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. He is widely known as a major, long-established specialist in this area, the author of a whole series of in-depth monographs. His works include General Bicherakhov and His Caucasus Army, 1917–1919, The People of the Caucasus and the Red Army, 1918–1945, and History of the Military District System in Russia, 1862–1918 (Moscow, 2012 [co-authored]). His new book — The National Composition of the Red Army, 1918–1945. A Historical-Statistical Study — is a summation of many years of research on the issue of the national composition of the Red Army. Bezugol’nyi wrote on the topic earlier in his books Highlanders of the North Caucasus in the Great Patriotic War, 1941–1945 and the “Source of the Red Army’s Additional Might . . .”: The National Question in the Military Development of the USSR, 1922–1945, as well as his doctoral dissertation, The Experience of the Development of the USSR Armed Forces: National Aspect (1922–1945), which he defended in 2020. However, his new monograph is not a publication of his dissertation. More than a year after defending his dissertation, the author continued to develop this theme, expanding, supplementing, and refining his work. As a result, the book contains sections on the national composition of the Russian Army before the Russian Revolution and on the manning of the Red Army during the Civil War. Thus, the work encompasses practically the","PeriodicalId":236132,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Slavic Military Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131128269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}