{"title":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Presenting as a Unifocal Eosinophilic Granuloma in the Body of the Mandible: A Rare Report","authors":"P. Shah, S. Mukherji, B. Hathiram, Vicky Khatter","doi":"10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1158","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a relatively rare and unique benign disease characterized by an abnormal proliferation of immature dendritic cells which usually affects children and young adults. Jaws are involved in less than 10% of children with the disease. Objective: To add on to the literature one more case of this rare and unique disease which accounts for less than 1% of all bone tumors and also to discuss its oral manifestation and management. Setting: Private maxillofacial surgery institute, Kolkata, West Bengal. Patient: A 2 years and 8 months old male child with solitary swelling over the lower left jaw since one and half months. Lesion was fixed to underlying bone and there was an expan sion of buccal cortical plate at the body of mandible. Results: Enucleation of the lesion performed after assessing history, clinical and radiological dertails and also considering patient’s age. Postoperative biopsy result came as LCH pre senting as a unifocal eosinophil granuloma. Appropriate surgical inter vention resulted in a dramatic improvement in patient’s clinical condition. At present, patient is diseasefree and asymptomatic. Conclusion: Surgical enucleation or curettage is a preferred treatment option for maxillary and mandibular lesion. Potential for the unifocal disease to become multifocal should not be under estimated as the disease can be unpredictable. We recom mend longterm followup due to uncertainty of the disease.","PeriodicalId":235775,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics An International Journal","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132326049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vasilios Chalkiadakis, G. Roukis, G. Karatzias, M. Androulakis, B. Hathiram, V. Khattar
{"title":"Retropharyngeal Abscess related to Hematogenous Dissemination","authors":"Vasilios Chalkiadakis, G. Roukis, G. Karatzias, M. Androulakis, B. Hathiram, V. Khattar","doi":"10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1197","url":null,"abstract":"A retropharyngeal abscess is an infection in the deep space of the neck and it is a potentially life-threatening condition, because of severe complications. Today, it is rare in adults, but it is still present in immunosuppressed patients or after local trauma by foreign body. Diagnosis is challenging due to the variety of the symptoms and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the area is required. Its management requires highly specialized care, based on antibiotic therapy and surgical drainage of the abscess. We report a case of a retropharyngeal abscess in a diabetic patient, with renal nephropathy and end-stage renal failure. Interestingly, the abscess was inside the thoracic cavity and surgical procedure included also thoracotomy.","PeriodicalId":235775,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics An International Journal","volume":"71 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131544217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Harde, Tushar Bawankar, R. Bhadade, B. Hathiram, V. Khattar
{"title":"Ear, Nose and Throat Emergencies and Anesthesia","authors":"M. Harde, Tushar Bawankar, R. Bhadade, B. Hathiram, V. Khattar","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1183","url":null,"abstract":"Ear, nose and throat (ENT) emergency procedures demand significant anesthetic challenges. Variety of emergency conditions like deep neck space infections (Ludwig’s angina, retropharyngeal, parapharyngeal abscess), acute onset of stridor, epiglottitis, laryngotracheobronchitis, inhaled foreign bodies, facial injuries, etc. are a challenge to both the surgeon and the anesthesiologist and communication and cooperation is vital. Priority in emergency is to clear and secure the airway and consider requirement of ‘shared airway’. Preferred anesthesia and airway technique include awake flexible fiberoptic (FOB) guided intubation in cooperative patients’ and an inhalational induction in uncooperative patient or tracheostomy. Anticipation, vigilance, readiness for difficult intubation, emergency tracheostomy and team work is essential while managing ENT emergency procedures.","PeriodicalId":235775,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics An International Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132396130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Principles of Skull Base Reconstruction After Ablative Head and Neck Cancer Surgery","authors":"J. Curry, Z. Sargi, B. Hathiram, V. Khattar","doi":"10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1021","url":null,"abstract":"“Resection of malignancies of the skull base can result in significant functional and cosmetic morbidity as well as mortality. Reconstructive efforts provide not only functional and cosmetic rehabilitation, but also allow for the avoidance of potentially disastrous complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leak or meningitis. The optimal reconstruction is determined both by a patient based approach and a defect based approach. Skull base defects can be addressed by the separate components of the craniofacial skeleton in which they involve, and therefore the individual reconstructive issues which must be addressed. In this article, we describe an approach to skull base reconstruction and the technical aspects of the available reconstructive options.","PeriodicalId":235775,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics An International Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115105712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cytology, Pathology, Frozen Section and Occult Primaries in Head and Neck Cancers","authors":"R. Chinoy, B. Hathiram, V. Khattar","doi":"10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1014","url":null,"abstract":"Whilst squamous cell carcinomas take center stage in the head and neck area, almost any mass disease that can occur in the rest of the body can theoretically occur here too. This includes the spectrum of adenocarcinomas, lymphomas, melanomas and sarcomas, not forgetting the diversity of salivary gland and thyroid tumors. Diagnoses by FNAC, open biopsy or frozen section have their own inherent, site specific, individualistic problems, and some of the basic principles will be highlighted. Frozen sections for resection margins and staging will be dealt with. Finally the challenge of the occult primary with metastasis in the head and neck, and understanding the need for immunohistochemistry are also touched upon.","PeriodicalId":235775,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics An International Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124961790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel Approach to Rhinosporidiosis","authors":"Rajeshwary Aroor, M. Gowda, V. Bhat, S. Bhandary","doi":"10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1152","url":null,"abstract":"Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic enigmatic disease affecting mainly the upper aerodigestive tract and is notorious for frequent recurrences as high as 70%. Higher incidences of recurrence are mainly due to nonendoscopic excision with resultant resi dual disease leading to seedling of the disease. Objectives: The aim of this study is to highlight the factors responsible for recurrence and to follow the clinical course to ensure against recurrence of rhinosporidiosis. External surgery in rhinosporidiosis should be avoided for the fear of implantation. With the advent of endoscopes and Lasers allow the surgeon to complete excision of the lesion with cauterization of the base. Materials and methods: A retrospective study of thirty two cases of rhinosporidiosis presented to us over a period of 10 years from 2002 to 2012. Out of which 14 cases presented to us for the first time and 18 cases were recurrent cases. The commonest age group of presentation was between 20 and 30 years in patients presenting for the first time and in recurrent cases the commonest age of presentation was between 50 and 60 years of age. Majority of patients were males with male to female ratio of 9:1. All patients underwent endoscopic excision, electro cautery was used in 30 patients and Laser was used in 2 patients. Results: Fourteen cases did not have any recurrence and in the 18 cases of recurrent cases three of them again had a recurrence where electro cautery was used to cauterize the base. Conclusion: Endoscopic excision of rhinosporidiosis has a better result over nonendoscopic approaches with lesser recurrence rate. Our results show that use of endoscopes in patients who presented for the first time have a better results as the mucosa of recurrence patients have already been insulted due to previous surgeries.","PeriodicalId":235775,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics An International Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128526928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heena Sonawane, F. Karjodkar, K. Sansare, Nimish Prakash
{"title":"Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst: A Rarity","authors":"Heena Sonawane, F. Karjodkar, K. Sansare, Nimish Prakash","doi":"10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1140","url":null,"abstract":"Orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC) was first identified as the rare variant of keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) for its different histopathology and rare recurrence which was reclassified by WHO in 2005. The orthokeratinized odonto genic cyst is a distinct clinicopathologic entity and is histo logically characterized by a thin, uniform, epithelial lining with orthokera tinization and a subjacent granular cell layer. The basal cells are usually cuboidal or flattened. OOC in maxilla is rare. This article presents a case of 56yearsold male patient with OOC in left maxilla. The clinical, radiographic and histological features of the cyst are discussed in this case report.","PeriodicalId":235775,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics An International Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125371882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Souza, Uday M. Pawar, P. Chaturvedi, B. Hathiram, V. Khattar
{"title":"Precancerous Lesions of Oral Cavity","authors":"C. Souza, Uday M. Pawar, P. Chaturvedi, B. Hathiram, V. Khattar","doi":"10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1012","url":null,"abstract":"The term premalignant (precancerous) lesion has been replaced by the term potentially malignant lesion. Such lesions have as their cause, tobacco use, exposure to the human papilloma virus and the chewing of the betel nut. These substances contain carcinogens. The mucosa of the oral cavity is normally quite robust. Exposure to these substances can cause it to undergo change. These changes are usually initiated as a leukoplakic patch. While some leucoplakic patches recover and resolve, some progress into invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Oral submucus fibrosis is another such potentially malignant condition caused by the abuse of betel nut.","PeriodicalId":235775,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics An International Journal","volume":"PC-27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126677340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Nasal Septum","authors":"Thakur Rahul Tejendrasingh, Sonawale Sanjay Kumar Laxmanrao, B. Hathiram, Vicky Khatter","doi":"10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1132","url":null,"abstract":"Pleomorphic adenoma is a common, benign tumor arising from the major salivary glands, most commonly from the parotid gland. In addition, they may also occur in the minor salivary glands of the hard and soft palate. Intranasal pleomorphic adenomas are unusual and may be misdiagnosed because they have greater myoepithelial cellularity and fewer myxoid stromata compared to those elsewhere. We report a case of pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal cavity arising from the nasal septum.","PeriodicalId":235775,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics An International Journal","volume":"42 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114126447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Venous Ectasia: A Potential Mimicker for Laryngocele Radiology Covers the Road","authors":"Gaurav Ashish, M. Kurien, B. Hathiram, V. Khattar","doi":"10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10003-1190","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Venous ectasia is rare causes of neck mass. Among neck veins, ectasia of the internal jugular vein (IJV) are extremely uncommon. However, this is to be kept in mind when considering differentials for laryngocele. Objectives: To recognize the similarities between laryngocele and ectasias of the IJV and the differences in their presentation and management. Study design: Observational. Setting: Tertiary care hospital, India. Conclusion: Presenting a 7-year-old boy with a left-sided soft, non-tender neck mass that fluctuated in size with coughing and straining for the past 1 year, presentation classical of laryngo cele. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated marked asymmetrical dilatation of the left IJV in the neck. Color-flow Doppler ultrasonography revealed a solitary cystic lesion with evidence of high venous blood flow in the IJV area. The rele vance of radiological evaluation in neck swelling is being high lighted.","PeriodicalId":235775,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics An International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131388831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}