American Journal of Energy and Natural Resources最新文献

{"title":"Laboratory and Theoretical Investigations of Petroleum Reservoir Rock Properties","authors":"Mohamed Lamoj","doi":"10.54536/ajenr.v3i1.2382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajenr.v3i1.2382","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study is to compare the characteristics obtained from the laboratory with the characteristics obtained from well logs and experimental correlations and determine the percentage of error in each method. Core Analysis of reservoir rock is operation of conducting laboratory tests on the core samples to determine their physical and petro physical properties. The Rock sample is first cleaned to be ready for laboratory test then it is used to obtain parameters of rock properties. Well logging is the practice of making a detailed record of the geologic formations penetrated by the well. The log may be either geological logs or geophysical logs in geothermal. Techlog Software is one of the most valuable formation evaluation software’s used by geologist and reservoir engineers. It is routinely used to evaluate well and field performance, and reservoir characteristics. After evaluating the results, the crude sample was characterized by using hydraulic unit technique its performing to estimate the units inside the reservoir and establish the correlations to estimate the permeability for each unit. The New Correlations can be used to evaluate the permeability nearby wells. In this study Four wells were selected from different locations in 103A which are A7, A11, A16, and A21 They are used to estimate the petro physical properties of the reservoir by both core analysis and well logging interpretation; the petro physical properties were evaluated like porosity, permeability, and water saturation.","PeriodicalId":235456,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"1 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory and Theoretical Investigations of Petroleum Reservoir Rock Properties","authors":"Mohamed Lamoj","doi":"10.54536/ajenr.v3i1.2382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajenr.v3i1.2382","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study is to compare the characteristics obtained from the laboratory with the characteristics obtained from well logs and experimental correlations and determine the percentage of error in each method. Core Analysis of reservoir rock is operation of conducting laboratory tests on the core samples to determine their physical and petro physical properties. The Rock sample is first cleaned to be ready for laboratory test then it is used to obtain parameters of rock properties. Well logging is the practice of making a detailed record of the geologic formations penetrated by the well. The log may be either geological logs or geophysical logs in geothermal. Techlog Software is one of the most valuable formation evaluation software’s used by geologist and reservoir engineers. It is routinely used to evaluate well and field performance, and reservoir characteristics. After evaluating the results, the crude sample was characterized by using hydraulic unit technique its performing to estimate the units inside the reservoir and establish the correlations to estimate the permeability for each unit. The New Correlations can be used to evaluate the permeability nearby wells. In this study Four wells were selected from different locations in 103A which are A7, A11, A16, and A21 They are used to estimate the petro physical properties of the reservoir by both core analysis and well logging interpretation; the petro physical properties were evaluated like porosity, permeability, and water saturation.","PeriodicalId":235456,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification, Prioritization and Mapping of Major Constraints and Potentials in the Medo Watershed the Case of West Arsi District in Central Rift Valley Area of Ethiopia","authors":"Kedir Jemal, Muleta Gadisa","doi":"10.54536/ajenr.v3i1.2327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajenr.v3i1.2327","url":null,"abstract":"The concentration to characterize the biophysical and socio-economic features in the integrated watersheds is to identify and prioritize production constraints for designing appropriate research and development interventions. The objective of this study was to assess the current biophysical of characteristics of Medo watershed, West Arsi Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. To do so relevant data and tools were used; ArcGIS, Microsoft Excel sheet and fundamental formulae were applied for the analysis are some. The results of the study indicated that the major land use types in the watershed are agricultural land covering 50%, vegetation (shrubs, forests and, plantations) covering 24% and settlement covering 16% out of the total land use. Slope gradient of Medo watershed ranges from zero to more than 20 and the slope gradient of 2-5 and 5-10 cover the greatest in area coverage representing 201 ha and 170 ha respectively. We can also observe that about 8% out of the total area is subjected to severe erosion. Sandy clay loam was the dominant soil textural classes in the surface soils and Phaeozems, Retinols and Andosols are the dominant soil types, which cover 57%, 36% and 7% of the sub-watershed area for lower, middle, and upper slope positions, respectively. Mean annual rainfall of the area ranges from 960.09 mm at lower part of the watershed to the 1304.93 mm at upper part of the watershed. Accordingly, Medo sub-watershed is laid in majority of at sub humid agro ecological zone. An assessment of the trees within the landscape of watershed showed some remnant natural forests and a wide variety of shrubby vegetation is encountered at all landscapes. About 40 percent of the watershed, is under high to extremely severe soil loss values (>45 ton per hectare per year). The baseline study also identified that those natural resources degradation such as land, and or/ soil fertility, reduction, and recent changes in the areas’ weather condition in line of climate change prevailing in current years are few of the many factors that are contributing to the land and crop productivity reductions in the area. Therefore, prioritizing the identified problem and preparing intervention of different technologies and development plans to solve the problems by taking into consideration the existing opportunities of the watershed.","PeriodicalId":235456,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"66 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification, Prioritization and Mapping of Major Constraints and Potentials in the Medo Watershed the Case of West Arsi District in Central Rift Valley Area of Ethiopia","authors":"Kedir Jemal, Muleta Gadisa","doi":"10.54536/ajenr.v3i1.2327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajenr.v3i1.2327","url":null,"abstract":"The concentration to characterize the biophysical and socio-economic features in the integrated watersheds is to identify and prioritize production constraints for designing appropriate research and development interventions. The objective of this study was to assess the current biophysical of characteristics of Medo watershed, West Arsi Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. To do so relevant data and tools were used; ArcGIS, Microsoft Excel sheet and fundamental formulae were applied for the analysis are some. The results of the study indicated that the major land use types in the watershed are agricultural land covering 50%, vegetation (shrubs, forests and, plantations) covering 24% and settlement covering 16% out of the total land use. Slope gradient of Medo watershed ranges from zero to more than 20 and the slope gradient of 2-5 and 5-10 cover the greatest in area coverage representing 201 ha and 170 ha respectively. We can also observe that about 8% out of the total area is subjected to severe erosion. Sandy clay loam was the dominant soil textural classes in the surface soils and Phaeozems, Retinols and Andosols are the dominant soil types, which cover 57%, 36% and 7% of the sub-watershed area for lower, middle, and upper slope positions, respectively. Mean annual rainfall of the area ranges from 960.09 mm at lower part of the watershed to the 1304.93 mm at upper part of the watershed. Accordingly, Medo sub-watershed is laid in majority of at sub humid agro ecological zone. An assessment of the trees within the landscape of watershed showed some remnant natural forests and a wide variety of shrubby vegetation is encountered at all landscapes. About 40 percent of the watershed, is under high to extremely severe soil loss values (>45 ton per hectare per year). The baseline study also identified that those natural resources degradation such as land, and or/ soil fertility, reduction, and recent changes in the areas’ weather condition in line of climate change prevailing in current years are few of the many factors that are contributing to the land and crop productivity reductions in the area. Therefore, prioritizing the identified problem and preparing intervention of different technologies and development plans to solve the problems by taking into consideration the existing opportunities of the watershed.","PeriodicalId":235456,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139801230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy Metals (Hg and As) Concentration in Mining Endowed Enclaves in Ghana","authors":"Sabastian Samuel Kwesi, Rama Osei-Bonsu, Derick Kwabena Mintah, Evans Oppong, Beatrice Akoto Serwaa, Adams Yaw Ibrahim","doi":"10.54536/ajenr.v2i1.1978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajenr.v2i1.1978","url":null,"abstract":"Levels of heavy metals in mining areas differ from region to region depending on the level of operations and activities engaged at the mining site. The study assessed the extent of heavy metals contamination in the available water and sediments in mining endowed enclaves in Ghana. A total of forty-eight (48) samples, 24 each of water and sediments samples were taken. At each mining site, 4 samples each of water and sediments samples were taken and studied. Water and sediment samples were taken to the laboratory to determine level of mercury and arsenic. For the sediments, the average levels of Hg ranged from 0.057-0.145ppm and that of As levels in the soil sediments ranged from 0.084-0.087ppm. The average levels of Hg in water samples ranged from 0.010-0.086ppm and that of As levels in the water samples ranged from 0.004-0.008ppm. There were significance differences (p<0.05) in the levels of Hg and As of the various mining sites for the water and the sediments. All the samples (water and sediments) taken from the various mining sites had Hg above the recommended levels whereas As for samples were below the recommended levels. There should be enforcement of more stringent water and land monitoring and pollution scheme through Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Minerals Commission.","PeriodicalId":235456,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Variability of Solar Energy Availability in the Conditions of the Southern Region of Mozambique","authors":"Fernando V Mucomole, Carlos A S Silva, Lourenço Magaia","doi":"10.54536/ajenr.v2i1.1311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajenr.v2i1.1311","url":null,"abstract":"The use of photovoltaic solar energy is affected by variations in the availability of solar radiation, which creates stability in solar panels. In our case, the need arose to study the temporal variability of solar energy in the southern region of Mozambique. This was followed by a descriptive sequence, applying the analytical method for the classification of days and the analysis of the day’s variability of clear, cloudy and intermediate skies in the data from three regional stations. The results show that it was mostly on clear sky days (44.64%), enhancing the use of solar energy. Statistical analysis of the frequency density variability shows that days with intermediate skies have a similar behavior, however they present a smooth decrease, because for variation of clear sky index ∆Kt* in the interval [-2,2] it is higher. The values of Kt* vary between 0.3342–1.2764, the minimum is observed in the month of July and the maximum in December and the variations during the daily course of the Kt* determined according to its standard deviation show such suitability to the model adopted for the calculation of global irradiation under the clear sky, as an appropriate choice of time interval and amplitude for the study of variations.","PeriodicalId":235456,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116677206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrodynamic Techniques in Well Control: In Professional Point of View","authors":"Mohamed Lamoj","doi":"10.54536/ajenr.v2i1.1286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajenr.v2i1.1286","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of hydrodynamic methods is to understand the motion of fluids. The field of hydrodynamics has expanded widely in the petroleum industries and takes into account the energy of a fluid - the effect of pressures - the continuous matter, in short. Hydrodynamic theory deals with solving problems in oil and gas fields. Well control techniques focus on not losing control of the well in the first place. Because it is one of the most important aspects of drilling operations. Kicks can lead to explosions with potential loss of life and equipment. Choosing the right way to kill the well is very important and protects against human and equipment losses. Therefore, this study will choose the appropriate method for killing the well based on which conditions and characteristics of the well from a professional and safe point of view. In this study I used Kill sheet Excel model to compare the killing methods in terms of speed, efficiency, ambient environment, and well characteristics. Findings showed that the concurrent method is the best way to kill thr well if all resources and equipment are available at the drilling site, After that comes the engineer’s method if the calculations were done correctly. Because it saves time with only one cycle and reduces casing pressure. Finally, the Driller method because it consumes more time and more circulation which leads to an increase in casing pressure. Thus, it can be said that this study enables us to choose the appropriate method for killing the well from a heuristic point of view.","PeriodicalId":235456,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129669457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of a Suitable Material by a Multi-Criteria Decision Aid Method (MCDM) for the Manufacture of the Buckets of a Micro Pelton Turbine","authors":"U. Emmanuel, H. Olivier, Hirwa Gloria, Nkubito Muhayeyezu Jean Olivier","doi":"10.54536/ajenr.v2i1.1219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajenr.v2i1.1219","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to investigate the effect of inertia on the outlet temperature of an evacuated tube solar collector. The experiments were conducted during a 24h period in Minquin County (latitude 38034’N, Longitude 10303’E). An analysis was made to determine whether the evacuated tube solar collectors’ fluid thermal inertia impacts the water storage tank temperature. The results showed differences between the useful energy delivered to the water storage tank in the case with mass flow rate adjusted depending on the incident solar radiation for the entire two days in which experiments were conducted. Two days of cloud and sunshine were considered. An indirect optimal control technique refers to the impacts of the inertia of water on the outlet collector temperature, the on/off control of the pump, and the useful heat gain from the storage tank. During days with clear sky, the average solar radiation, mass flow rate, outlet, and tank temperature were 640.02W/m2, 0.06kg/s, 290C, and 44.240C, respectively. For cloudy day was 449W/m2, 0.02kg/s, 270C and 420C respectively. The control system is provided to run the heating circulating pump after rest for several minutes to facilitate the exhaust system, then continues to run for a cycle. The DTP,ON and DTP, OFF range from 30C to 100C and from 0.20C to 1.50C, respectively.","PeriodicalId":235456,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"381 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124741989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of a Suitable Material by a Multi-Criteria Decision Aid Method (Mcdm) for the Manufacture of the Buckets of a Micro Pelton Turbine","authors":"Haoua Laila Tidjani, Matho Mekjele Raïssa, J. Kenfack, O. Hamandjoda, P. Ele","doi":"10.54536/ajenr.v2i1.1101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajenr.v2i1.1101","url":null,"abstract":"Micro hydro power plant remains a sustainable solution to meet the electrical needs of isolated populations when the potential is there. The discovery of new materials leads engineers to review the choice of material, in order to reduce the cost and facilitate the manufacture of hydromechanical components. In this study, to select the best choice of material for the manufacture of buckets of a micro Pelton turbine, we used multi-criteria decision support methods (MCDM) such as the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the order preference technique by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS), the compromise solution (VIKOR). Based on of the literature review on the materials usable for the manufacture of hydraulic turbines, we were able to select five alternative materials such as mild steel ; aluminum alloy ; stainless steel ; high density polyethylene ; cast iron and seven very important material evaluation criteria for manufacturing such as machinability ; ultimate tensile strength ; the density ; hardness ; the cost ; maintenance cost and corrosion resistance. It appears from results via the AHP method that the coherence index of 0.0904 and the coherence ratio of 0.0669 are usable for the practice of material selection. Considering the performance scores for the five alternatives obtained via the TOPSIS and VIKOR techniques, it appears that high density polyethylene is the best material, followed by the aluminum alloy.","PeriodicalId":235456,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121730424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on Energy Audit: Benefits, Barriers, and Opportunities","authors":"Abaubakry Mbaye","doi":"10.54536/ajenr.v1i1.1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajenr.v1i1.1054","url":null,"abstract":"Energy audit is one lever to reduce carbon emissions of an organization (industrial site, residential building etc.;). This paper explores the energy audit savings tendance, barriers, challenges, and opportunities through an extensive review of the literature. Different variant of the methodology can be found in the literature and one aim of this research is to make a synthesis (from the most relevant variant). Energy audit can be adapted to the size and context of the organization thanks to the different levels of audits. Different cases studies are also included in this article that highlights the benefits of the energy audit. Other aspects are studied such as tools to use during audit and competencies and experience of auditors. Several barriers should be removed progressively to add more benefits to this sustainable lever. A list of opportunities has been identified and should be subject to further research.","PeriodicalId":235456,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125050162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}