Weed Biology and Management最新文献_第7页

The effects of desiccation on broad‐leaved dock ( Rumex obtusifolius ) and curled dock ( Rumex crispus ) root fragment regeneration 干燥对钝叶酸模和卷曲酸模根片再生的影响

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Weed Biology and Management Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/wbm.12199

K. S. Alshallash, P. Hatcher

{"title":"The effects of desiccation on broad‐leaved dock (\u0000 Rumex obtusifolius\u0000 ) and curled dock (\u0000 Rumex crispus\u0000 ) root fragment regeneration","authors":"K. S. Alshallash, P. Hatcher","doi":"10.1111/wbm.12199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wbm.12199","url":null,"abstract":"Fresh root fragments of Rumex crispus and Rumex obtusifolius , which initially contain 65–70% moisture, progressively lose moisture when desiccated under conditions matching summer weather in southeast England. The likelihood of shoot emergence and the time it took in glasshouse conditions were both affected by desiccation, with R. crispus the most affected up to 48 hr and R. obtusifolius slower to emerge after 48 hr. These effects converged after longer desiccation periods, and R. crispus entirely failed to emerge after 120 hr. The dry weight of emerged shoots was not significantly different between the species until they were desiccated for 96 hr, after which R. obtusifolius dry weight was significantly reduced. In outdoor trials, desiccation for 24 or 48 hr had a lesser effect on emergence in either species when fragments were planted at the soil surface or at up to a depth of 10 cm, compared to deeper plantings, but emergence was significantly lower in plantings at 15 or 20 cm. Emergence delays were not significantly different between the species until they were planted at 15 or 20 cm, when R. obtusifolius was slower to emerge than R. crispus , an effect exacerbated by increasing desiccation. Similar interactions of increasing soil depth and desiccation were found in reductions in dry weight, number of tillers and leaf area, with R. obtusifolius generally, but not exclusively, better able to withstand more extreme trial conditions. Our findings suggest that control of these highly troublesome weeds can be assisted by appropriate agricultural practices, notably exposing cut fragments to drying conditions followed by deep burial.","PeriodicalId":23536,"journal":{"name":"Weed Biology and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/wbm.12199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41770144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Maize–soybean intercropping effect on yield productivity, weed control and diversity in northern Ghana 加纳北部玉米-大豆间作对产量、杂草控制和多样性的影响

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Weed Biology and Management Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/wbm.12198

A. Berdjour, I. Y. Dugje, I. Dzomeku, N. A. Rahman

{"title":"Maize–soybean intercropping effect on yield productivity, weed control and diversity in northern Ghana","authors":"A. Berdjour, I. Y. Dugje, I. Dzomeku, N. A. Rahman","doi":"10.1111/wbm.12198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wbm.12198","url":null,"abstract":"The cereal–legume cropping system is a common practice across the tropical world. However, there are limited quantitative data on the effect of cereal–legume intercropping on weed species diversity. A study was conducted in the Guinea savanna zone of Ghana to evaluate the effect of maize–soybean intercropping on yield productivity and weed species control. The treatments used include three maize maturity types (extra‐early: Abontem, early: Sammaz 27 and medium: Obatanpa) intercropped with soybean at three intraspacing (10, 20 and 30 cm), and their sole crop treatments were laid in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that the land equivalent ratio (LER) for the intercrops was above 1, indicating better intercrop productivity than the sole crops. An average of 40% land was saved for the intercrops compared with the sole crops. Intercropping Sammaz 27 maize with soybean significantly increased LER by 9% compared to the other types. Intercropping maize with soybean significantly reduced weed biomass at 6 and 9 weeks after planting (WAP) and at harvest relative to the sole maize. The weed biomass at 6 and 9 WAP and harvest increased (p < .05) with increasing soybean intraspacing. The grass and broadleaf weed species count at 6 WAP and harvest from the sole crops were significantly higher than that of the intercrops. The results suggest that intercropping early maize maturity type with soybean at 10 cm intraspacing could be used to increase grain yield, LER and control of grass and broadleaf weeds in a maize‐based cropping system in the Guinea savanna zones of West Africa.","PeriodicalId":23536,"journal":{"name":"Weed Biology and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/wbm.12198","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44664826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

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IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Weed Biology and Management Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/wbm.12177

引用次数: 0

A tetraploid Echinochloa with plagiotropic tillers: Its distribution and habitat in the northern part of the main island of Japan 一种具有斜向分蘖的四倍体棘鱼：在日本本岛北部的分布和栖息地

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Weed Biology and Management Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/wbm.12207

K. Yasuda, K. Mori, Y. Nakayama

{"title":"A tetraploid\u0000 Echinochloa\u0000 with plagiotropic tillers: Its distribution and habitat in the northern part of the main island of Japan","authors":"K. Yasuda, K. Mori, Y. Nakayama","doi":"10.1111/wbm.12207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wbm.12207","url":null,"abstract":"An annual Echinochloa with plagiotropic tillers (semi‐erect type) was found on a paddy levee in Miyagi prefecture in Japan. This semi‐erect type had tetraploid chromosome numbers (2n = 36) and would be expected to be E. oryzicola. However, its appearance was distinct from that of E. oryzicola. To collect seed samples and clarify its distribution and habitat, exploration and collection surveys were carried out in the northern part of Honshu, the main island of Japan in 2014, 2017, and 2018. Thirty‐two populations that were assumed to be the semi‐erect type were found and their mature seeds were collected. Based on the results of chromosome counts and growth form analyses, all of them were confirmed to be the semi‐erect type. The 32 populations were distributed in the prefectures of Aomori, Iwate, Akita, Miyagi, Yamagata, Fukushima, and Niigata, and located in paddy fields, abandoned paddy fields, paddy levees, roadsides, vacant land, and scree slopes. Our surveys indicated that the semi‐erect type grew in wet and dry disturbed habitats at an early stage of secondary succession including paddy fields in the northern part of the main island of Japan.","PeriodicalId":23536,"journal":{"name":"Weed Biology and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/wbm.12207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44206979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Enhanced weed‐crop competition effects on growth and seed production of herbicide‐resistant and herbicide‐susceptible annual sowthistle ( Sonchus oleraceus ) 增强杂草-作物竞争对耐除草剂和易受除草剂影响的一年生大豆生长和种子生产的影响

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Weed Biology and Management Pub Date : 2020-05-12 DOI: 10.1111/wbm.12197

A. Mobli, Sahil, R. Yadav, B. Chauhan

{"title":"Enhanced weed‐crop competition effects on growth and seed production of herbicide‐resistant and herbicide‐susceptible annual sowthistle (\u0000 \u0000 Sonchus oleraceus\u0000 \u0000 )","authors":"A. Mobli, Sahil, R. Yadav, B. Chauhan","doi":"10.1111/wbm.12197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wbm.12197","url":null,"abstract":"Enhanced crop competition could aid in the management of annual sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.), a dominant weed of Australian cropping systems. A two-year pot study was conducted to evaluate the effect of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) planting densities (0, 82, and 164 wheat plants/m) on growth and seed production of glyphosate-resistant (GR) and glyphosate-susceptible (GS) biotypes of annual sowthistle. Without competition, both biotypes produced a similar number of leaves and biomass, but the GS biotype produced 80% more seeds (46,050 per plant) than the GR biotype. In competition with 164 wheat plants/m, the number of leaves in the GR and GS biotypes was reduced by 62 and 61%, respectively, in comparison with the no-competition treatment, and similarly, weed biomass was reduced by 78 and 77%, respectively. Compared to no-competition treatment, the seed production of GR and GS biotypes was reduced by 33 and 69%, respectively, when grown with 82 wheat plants/m, but increasing wheat density from 82 to 164 plants/m reduced the number of seeds only in the GS biotype (81%). Both biotypes produced greater than 6,000 seeds per plant when grown in competition with 164 plants/m, suggesting that increased crop density should be integrated with other weed management strategies for efficient control of annual sowthistle.","PeriodicalId":23536,"journal":{"name":"Weed Biology and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/wbm.12197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42574682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Weedy rice: An expanding problem in direct‐seeded rice in the Philippines 杂草水稻：菲律宾直播水稻的一个日益严重的问题

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Weed Biology and Management Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/wbm.12196

L. M. Juliano, D. Donayre, E. C. Martin, J. Beltran

引用次数: 8

Isolation and identification of two phytotoxic compounds from the medicinal plant Cassia alata L. 药用植物决明子中两种植物毒性化合物的分离与鉴定。

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Weed Biology and Management Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/wbm.12190

K. Das, Keitaro Iwasaki, K. Suenaga, H. Kato‐Noguchi

引用次数: 4

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