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[Apramycin blood concentrations and distribution in the body of calves after different methods of administration]. [不同给药方式后阿帕霉素在犊牛体内的血药浓度及分布]。
Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki Pub Date : 1987-01-01
I Shikha
{"title":"[Apramycin blood concentrations and distribution in the body of calves after different methods of administration].","authors":"I Shikha","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The serum concentrations of apramycin in calves were studied after i/v application at the rate of 20 mg/kg body mass, after i/m injection at 20-40 mg/kg b. m., and after oral administration (with milk) at 40 mg/kg b. m. in terms of establishing certain pharmacokinetic parameters. It was found that at i/v route of application the concentrations of the antibiotic ranged above 2 micrograms/cm3 within the interval from the 15th min up to the 8h hour. The time of half-distribution (t1/2 alpha) was 0.28 h, while the biologic half-life of half-elimination (t1/2 beta) was 2.31 h. After muscular application of apramycin at 20 and 40 mg/kg it was rapidly adsorbed at the site of injection; the maximum concentrations were 99 micrograms/cm3 and 202 micrograms/cm3, resp., from the first to the second hour. Levels above 2 micrograms/cm3 were found in the blood serum in the course of 8 to 10 hours when the antibiotic was applied at 20 mg/kg b. m., and they have persisted for more than 12 hours when it was administered at the rate of 40 mg/kg. The biologic half-life (t1/2 beta) was 1.63 h and 1.97 h, respectively. Following the oral administration of the antibiotic at 40 mg/kg subtherapeutic levels were established up to the 24 th hour, with the exception of the interval of the 6 th to 8 th when the concentrations were below the minimum therapeutic one (2 micrograms/cm3).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":23492,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki","volume":"24 1","pages":"64-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14737672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Sensitivity of Salmonellae isolated from poultry to bacteriophage O1]. [家禽分离沙门氏菌对噬菌体O1的敏感性]。
Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki Pub Date : 1987-01-01
M Stefanov, K Kolev, V Stefanov
{"title":"[Sensitivity of Salmonellae isolated from poultry to bacteriophage O1].","authors":"M Stefanov,&nbsp;K Kolev,&nbsp;V Stefanov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studied were a total of 200 bacterial strains that agglutinated with the group B, C, D and E Salmonella sera. The organisms were isolated from viscera (liver, gallbladder, spleen, ovaries, and heart) and bone marrow from dead birds, from embryos, eggs, and washings from hatcheries, etc. in 1982-1985 in the district of Stara Zagora. It was found that the strains behaved biochemically as typical Salmonellae. Serologically typed of group B were 40 strains (S. typhimurium--34, and S. lagos--6); of group C--61 strains (S. oranienburg--38, S. isangi--7, S. montevideo--4, Salmonella II 6.7:gmst: 1.5--5, S. thompson--2, and S. newport--5); of group D--89 strains (S. gallinarum--57, S. gallinarum var. duisburg--23, S. pullorum--1, and S, enteritidis--8); and of group E--8 strains (S. senftenberg--4, S. anatum--4). Two of the strains were in the R form. Sensitive to the phage proved 89 +/- 5.7 per cent of the strains including the two R-form ones and those that were resistant of group C (S. oranienburg--5.4 per cent) and of group D (S. gallinarum--23 per cent, and S. gallinarum var. duisburg--26.1 per cent). The high sensitivity to the phage substantiated the phage identification of the strains as an adjunct, supplementary method in the complex diagnostics of diseases of a Salmonella etiology after the preliminarily determined phage for the respective region was made known.</p>","PeriodicalId":23492,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki","volume":"24 1","pages":"24-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14737732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Serological and pathomorphological studies of Toxoplasma abortion in sheep]. 羊弓形虫流产的血清学和病理形态学研究。
Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki Pub Date : 1987-01-01
P Neĭkov
{"title":"[Serological and pathomorphological studies of Toxoplasma abortion in sheep].","authors":"P Neĭkov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 648 blood serum samples from sheep and 65 aborted fetuses were subject to serologic, resp., morphologic studies. It was found via the immunodiffusion test that 33.4 per cent of the investigated sera from nonmiscarrying sheep and 53.06 per cent from sheep that aborted were positive for toxoplasmosis antibodies. It was established that primarily young animals (female yearlings and ewes on second lamb in the final month of pregnancy) aborted, the percent varying from 8 to 20, and is some flocks--up to 30. It was also found that the most characteristic gross lesions in the fetal placenta consisted of gray-whitish nodules; histologically, characteristic were the necrotic foci and the pseudocysts, some of the latter being necrobiotically changed, and others being involved in a calcification process. The histopathologic picture in the aborted fetuses was characterized by diffuse glial proliferation, glial nodes, and necrotic foci in the while matter of the brain and the cerebellum, focal proliferations and unreactive micronecrotic foci in the liver, kidneys, adrenals, the spleen, and in the lymph nodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23492,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki","volume":"24 3","pages":"38-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14738382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Incidence of echinococcosis in animals]. [动物棘球蚴病的发病率]。
Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki Pub Date : 1987-01-01
A Petkov, B Tsolov, I Denev, R Kostov, I Rusev
{"title":"[Incidence of echinococcosis in animals].","authors":"A Petkov,&nbsp;B Tsolov,&nbsp;I Denev,&nbsp;R Kostov,&nbsp;I Rusev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies were carried out on echinococcosis in animals, making use of the results obtained with investigations carried out throughout this country. A great number of definitive and intermediate hosts were studied. A considerable drop of the percent of infected animals was recorded over the 1966-1984 period both with the definitive and the intermediate hosts. Data is presented on the territorial spread of hydatid echinococcosis. Enumerated are the factors that bear an influence on this process. The demonstration of the high incidence of the disease as well as of the rising number of dogs substantiates the view that the epizootic status is still unfavourable, which is also due to some other factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23492,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki","volume":"24 3","pages":"51-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14738384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Microbial decontamination by aerobic purification of liquid manure from swine-breeding farm complexes]. [养猪场综合设施液体粪便的好氧净化微生物去污]。
Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki Pub Date : 1987-01-01
B D Baĭkov, G Tivchev, M Voĭcheva, T I Todorov
{"title":"[Microbial decontamination by aerobic purification of liquid manure from swine-breeding farm complexes].","authors":"B D Baĭkov,&nbsp;G Tivchev,&nbsp;M Voĭcheva,&nbsp;T I Todorov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studied was the microbial decontamination of swine mature with the employment of a laboratory model of an aerobic lagoon as well as in a purification station, having a mechanical step, two biologic steps, and a facultative lagoon. It was found under modelled conditions that a substantial decontaminating effect was produced with regard to coli bacteria and Salmonella organisms. The effect was less with regard to the microbial count. The studies carried out in stations showed the effectiveness of the individual steps in reducing the microbial content of manure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23492,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki","volume":"24 4","pages":"66-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14435328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Diagnostic value of symptoms in chick embryo pathology]. [鸡胚病理症状的诊断价值]。
Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki Pub Date : 1987-01-01
M Markarian
{"title":"[Diagnostic value of symptoms in chick embryo pathology].","authors":"M Markarian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diagnostic significance (quantitative value, weight) of the symptoms in a broad sense (pathologicoanatomic, clinical, laboratory and other data) in the diseases of the bird embryo was studied. On the basis of a complex of criteria an expert rating from 1 to 4 to 342 symptoms in 58 diseases of the bird embryo was given. The interpretation of the symptoms which are evaluated, gives an opportunity for a more precise diagnosis in comparison with the classical method, in which the symptoms are not evaluated. The quantitative exactness of the diagnostic significance according to the 4th rating scale represents an important precondition for developing algorithms, planning and computerizing of the diagnostic process in the diseases of the bird embryo.</p>","PeriodicalId":23492,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki","volume":"24 10","pages":"71-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14572671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Adsorption of antigens K88 and K99 on aluminum hydroxide gel]. [抗原K88和K99在氢氧化铝凝胶上的吸附]。
Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki Pub Date : 1987-01-01
M Kapurdova, M Petkov, N Marchev
{"title":"[Adsorption of antigens K88 and K99 on aluminum hydroxide gel].","authors":"M Kapurdova,&nbsp;M Petkov,&nbsp;N Marchev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studied was the effect of the pH value of the medium, of the concentration of the antigen and the adsorbent on the adsorption of K 88 and K 99 on aluminium hydroxide-gel. Use was made of strains O 45:K 88 and O 14:K 99. The optimal parameters of pH and the concentration of aluminium oxide as well as of aluminium hydroxide-gel as an adjuvant, substantiating the maximum adsorption capacity of the latter with regard to the two Escherichia coli antigens used. Established was the maximum amount of the antigens which could be adsorbed by as much as 1 cm3 of aluminium hydroxide-gel. According to the authors such amount could serve to indicate the way how to produce effective preparations to be deposited with the two-antigen adjuvant.</p>","PeriodicalId":23492,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki","volume":"24 1","pages":"15-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14431314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Arterial vessels of the kidney in domestic swine]. [家猪肾脏的动脉血管]。
Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki Pub Date : 1987-01-01
A Vodenicharov, S Danchev, I Vodenicharova
{"title":"[Arterial vessels of the kidney in domestic swine].","authors":"A Vodenicharov,&nbsp;S Danchev,&nbsp;I Vodenicharova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>By histological preparation, measuring, corrosion and angiography were studied the arterial blood vessels of 120 kidneys from 60 individuals at different ages. It was established that the kidney artery in the most cases (70%) divides by the dichotomous type in cranial and caudal or in dorsal and ventral branches, and rarely (30%) by the disseminated type in 3 branches--two cranial and one caudal. Investigated were the position, course and branching of the prelobar, interlobar, the arcuate, the inter- and intra-lobular arteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":23492,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki","volume":"24 9","pages":"70-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14453669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Drug resistance of bacterial strains isolated from sows with the clinical picture of mastitis-metritis-agalactia]. [乳腺炎-子宫炎-无乳母猪分离菌株的耐药性研究]。
Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki Pub Date : 1987-01-01
N Korudzhiĭski, G Bozhkova, G V Gŭlŭbinov, I Dzhurova, S Georgiev
{"title":"[Drug resistance of bacterial strains isolated from sows with the clinical picture of mastitis-metritis-agalactia].","authors":"N Korudzhiĭski,&nbsp;G Bozhkova,&nbsp;G V Gŭlŭbinov,&nbsp;I Dzhurova,&nbsp;S Georgiev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The disk method with Ericson and Bauer's solid nutrient media were employed to ascertain the drug resistance of a total of 54 strains of Escherichia coli, 25 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 11 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes, 7 strains of Corynebacterium pyogenes, 7 strains of Streptococcus uberis, 2 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae, and 1 strain of Streptococcus disgalactiae isolated from utero-cervical exudate and milk samples of sows with clinical symptoms of mastitis-metritis-agalactia (MMA). It was found that gentamycin only suppressed 100 per cent of the strains. So far as the other chemotherapeutic agents were concerned the organisms showed a varying extent of resistance. After determining the sensitivity of the strains to drugs two groups of pigs (from which the strains referred to were isolated) were subject to treatment. All 20 sows of the first group were treated with oxytocin only, while the 446 animals of the second group were treated with gentamycin in combination with oxytocin. It was found that effective therapy in the case of MMA was impossible with the application of preparations on the base of the hind lobe of the pituitary only. It is necessary to use chemotherapeutic means tow which the isolated organisms are susceptible.</p>","PeriodicalId":23492,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki","volume":"24 7","pages":"15-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14793347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Microbial etiology of the MMA syndrome (mastitis-metritis-agalactia) in swine raised commercially]. [商业养猪MMA综合征(乳腺炎-子宫炎-无乳症)的微生物病因学]。
Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki Pub Date : 1987-01-01
N Korudzhiĭski, G Bozhkova, G V Gŭlŭbinov, I Dzhurova, S Georgiev
{"title":"[Microbial etiology of the MMA syndrome (mastitis-metritis-agalactia) in swine raised commercially].","authors":"N Korudzhiĭski,&nbsp;G Bozhkova,&nbsp;G V Gŭlŭbinov,&nbsp;I Dzhurova,&nbsp;S Georgiev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 147 uterine-cervical exudates and milk samples from 165 lobes of the mammary gland of sows with clinical symptoms of mastitis-metritis-agalactia (MMA) were studied microbiologically. It was found that greatest was the share of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus organisms taking part in the microbial etiology of the syndrome. Second ranked Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Corynebacterium pyogenes along with some aerobic sporulating bacilli.</p>","PeriodicalId":23492,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki","volume":"24 5","pages":"11-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14750687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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