UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)最新文献

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Polyalthia longifolia Leaf Extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli","authors":"Umar, F. J., Idris, F. T., Usman, A., Balarabe, F. T., Adamu, A.","doi":"10.47430/ujmr.2493.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2493.002","url":null,"abstract":"Study’s Novelty/ Excerpt\u0000\u0000Using the disc diffusion method, this study demonstrated the antibacterial properties of Polyalthia longifolia leaf extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.\u0000Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinone, phenolic acids, and saponins, while flavonoids and steroids were absent.\u0000Both ethanolic and aqueous extracts showed significant antibacterial activity, with MIC and MBC values of 100 mg/mL, suggesting that Polyalthia longifolia leaves hold potential as alternative treatments for bacterial infections.\u0000\u0000Full Abstract\u0000Polyalthia longifolia, commonly known as the masquerade plant is a tropical evergreen plant with cultural and medicinal importance in Nigeria. This study used the disc diffusion method to analyze the antibacterial activity of Polyalthia longifolia leaves extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The leaves were dried grounded, and ethanolic and aqueous extracts were used for antibacterial screening against the test isolates. The test isolates were confirmed based on cell morphology, gram reaction, and biochemical tests. The leaf extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening for alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, phytosterols, and tannins. Phytochemical analysis of the leaf extracts of Polyalthia longifolia revealed that the leaves of this plant contain alkaloids, anthraquinone, phenols acid, and saponins, while flavonoids and Steroids were absent. The results of the antibacterial screening for aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the plant indicated that ethanol and aqueous extracts of the plant exhibited antibacterial activities with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations of 100mg/mL for both MIC and MBC.In conclusion, the leaves of the Polyalthia longifolia plant can be used as an alternative medicine for treating bacterial infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli","PeriodicalId":23463,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)","volume":" 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141368101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Growth Response Parameters, Screening and Molecular Detection of Pesticide Degradation Genes in Bacterial Isolates from Agricultural Soils","authors":"Anas, A., Shamsudeen, U., Ibrahim, Y.","doi":"10.47430/ujmr.2493.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2493.005","url":null,"abstract":"Study’s Novelty/ Excerpt\u0000\u0000This study demonstrated the capability of bacteria isolated from farmland soils in Kano Metropolis to biodegrade dichlorvos and carbofuran pesticides, identifying Bacillus sp., Serratia sp., and Pseudomonas sp. as key degraders.\u0000Optimization experiments revealed that Serratia sp. thrived at 100 mg/L dichlorvos concentration and 35°C, while Pseudomonas sp. showed maximum growth at 300 mg/L carbofuran concentration and 30°C, both with a pH of 7.0, 100 rpm agitation, and 5-day incubation period.\u0000Molecular analysis confirmed the presence of opd and mcd genes in Serratia sp. and Pseudomonas sp., respectively, highlighting their potential for effective bioremediation of pesticide-contaminated soils.\u0000\u0000Full Abstract\u0000Pesticides are organic compounds synthesized and used for pest control. The excessive and continuous dispersion of pesticides in the environment results in environmental pollution, necessitating remediation. This study investigated the potential of bacteria isolated from farmland soils in Kano Metropolis, Kano State, Nigeria, with a history of dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyldimethylphosphate) and carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate) application, to biodegrade these pesticides. Three sampling sites were involved in sample collection, and the soil physicochemical parameters from each sample were determined. Isolation, identification, and screening of the bacterial isolates capable of utilizing the pesticides as sole sources of carbon were carried out. The following parameters (concentration of the pesticides, pH, temperature, agitation, and incubation time) were optimized to maximize degradation. The potent bacterial isolates were further subjected to molecular analysis for the detection of opd and mcd genes. The pesticide-degrading bacteria were identified as Bacillus sp., Serratia sp., and Pseudomonas sp. Serratia sp. recorded the highest growth in the presence of 1% v/v dichlorvos, while Pseudomonas sp. exhibited maximum growth at a 1% w/v carbofuran concentration. The optimized conditions that yielded the maximum microbial growth are: 100 mg/L pesticide concentration for Serratia sp and 300 mg/L for Pseudomonas sp, a pH of 7.0 and an agitation level of 100 rpm for both organisms, a temperature of 35°C for Serratia sp and 30°C for Pseudomonas sp, and an incubation time of 5 days for both organisms. The opd and mcd genes were identified from Serratia sp. and Pseudomonas sp. respectively. These results suggest that the isolated bacteria have the potential to degrade dichlorvos and carbofuran pesticides from the contaminated soil","PeriodicalId":23463,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Agents of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area of Katsina State, Northwestern, Nigeria","authors":"Oaikhena E Enimie, Y. A. Umar, Abdulsalami M. Sani, Egbe L. Nkechi, Ayuba - Buhari B Sherifat","doi":"10.47430/ujmr.2493.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2493.008","url":null,"abstract":"Study’s Novelty/Excerpt\u0000\u0000This study identified Leishmania major as the predominant species causing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Dutsin-ma LGA, Katsina state, Nigeria, using molecular characterization techniques such as ITS rDNA gene amplification and RFLP analysis.\u0000The findings revealed that 85.7% of individuals with suspected CL lesions were confirmed to have Leishmania infections, with a higher prevalence in males (71.4%) and farmers (71.46%).\u0000These results highlight the endemic nature of CL in this region, emphasizing the need for targeted public health interventions and awareness programs to control the spread of this neglected tropical disease.\u0000\u0000Full Abstract\u0000Leishmaniasis is one of man's neglected tropical diseases (NTD), caused by a protozoan parasite of the Leishmania genus. The dixenous life cycle of Leishmania species consists of the vertebrate and vector stages resulting in the differentiation of metabolic processes, morphological forms, and remodelling of genes in the parasite. To identify the species of Leishmania responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Dutsin-ma LGA of Katsina state, Nigeria, a purposive sampling technique was employed. Samples were collected from individuals with suspected CL lesions and subjected to molecular characterization to confirm the Leishmania species. Questionnaires were also used to gather socio-demographic and behavioral data. Molecular characterization involved amplifying the ITS rDNA genes and applying the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique. The results revealed that 85.7% of the individuals screened had lesions associated with Leishmania infection, with a higher prevalence in males (71.4%) compared to females (14.3%). Among the infected individuals, 71.46% were farmers, and one was a student. The lesions were predominantly found on the legs (57.1%) and hand/arm (28.6%), with no lesions detected on other body parts. The ITS rDNA genes were successfully amplified from six patients, confirming Leishmania major as the predominant species causing CL through RFLP analysis. In conclusion, CL caused by L. major is endemic in Dutsin-ma LGA, Katsina state, in the Northwestern zone of Nigeria","PeriodicalId":23463,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effect of Breast Milk and Infant Formulae on Neonatal Gut Microbiome within Katsina Metropolis","authors":"Usman, A., Abdulkadir, B., Lawal, B., Isah, M. B.","doi":"10.47430/ujmr.2493.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2493.004","url":null,"abstract":"Study’s Novelty/ Excerpt\u0000\u0000This study explored the impact of breast milk versus infant formula on the gut microbiota of neonates in Katsina metropolis, revealing significant differences in bacterial composition and fecal pH between the two groups.\u0000Exclusively breastfed infants exhibited a lower fecal pH (5.09±0.1) and higher weights, with similar levels of Escherichia spp. and Bifidobacterium spp., while formula-fed infants showed a higher fecal pH (5.9±0.1) and differences in Escherichia spp. loads. \u0000Despite advances in infant formula enrichment, the study underscores the distinct influence of breast milk on neonatal gut microbiota composition and health.\u0000\u0000Full Abstract\u0000Numerous studies conducted in recent years have highlighted the intricate nature of the neonatal gut microbiome, influenced by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. One significant factor in this regard is the type of feeding, which has a substantial impact on the development of intestinal microbiota in early infancy. This study aimed to compare the effects of breast milk and infant formulae on the gut microbiota of newborns in Katsina metropolis. Faecal samples were obtained from 46 neonates (33 exclusively breastfed, 10 formula-fed, and 3 mix-fed) and analyzed using a culture-dependent method. Colony enumerations and pH measurements were conducted for comparison between the groups. The mean weight of the participants was 2.88±0.1 kg, with exclusively breastfed infants (BFI) weighing significantly more (p = 0.03) than formula-fed infants (FFI). The bacteria selected for analysis (Bifidobacterium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia spp., and Lactobacillus spp.) were present in all feeding groups. Among BFI, similar levels of Escherichia spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. (61.17 CFU/g and 61.38 CFU/g respectively) were observed. Staphylococcus spp. constituted the majority of the bacterial load (32%) in both BFI and FFI groups. Apart from Escherichia spp. (p = 0.01), no significant differences were noted in the levels of all cultured bacteria across the feeding groups. The disparity in Escherichia spp. load was evident between BFI and MFI (p = 0.01), as well as FFI and MFI (p = 0.02) only. There was no overall significant correlation between bacterial load and mode of delivery within the feeding groups (p = 0.6). The average faecal pH of breastfed infants (5.09±01) was significantly lower (p = <0.001) compared to the formula-fed group (5.9±0.1). Despite advancements in enriching infant formulae with probiotics and other bifidogenic substances, subtle differences in fecal bacterial load compared to breast milk persist, highlighting the significant influence of both feeding methods on the composition and functionality of the neonatal gut microbiome","PeriodicalId":23463,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)","volume":" 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-Prospecting Xylose-Utilizing, Exopolysaccharide (EPS)-Producing Bacteria and EPS Quantification through Submerged Fermentation using Xylose as the Major Carbon Source","authors":"U. Antia, Nsikak Stephen, Victoria Umoh, Maria Bassey, Itorobong Udo, A. J. Adeleke","doi":"10.47430/ujmr.2493.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2493.003","url":null,"abstract":"Study’s Novelty/ Excerpt\u0000\u0000This study identified bacterial isolates from diverse environments capable of utilizing xylose for exo-polysaccharide (EPS) production, an area with limited prior research.\u0000Potential EPS producers were isolated and identified as Staphylococcus, Enterobacter, Kocuria, Klebsiella, Enterococcus, Serratia, and Burkholderia species using a salt-based medium with xylose as the primary carbon source. \u0000The highest EPS production was observed in Enterobacter cloacae D1, E. cloacae D2, Klebsiella oxytoca D2, and K. oxytoca G1, ranging from 0.04 g/L to 2.0 g/L, highlighting these isolates' potential for optimization and application in various industries.\u0000\u0000Full Abstract\u0000Many microorganisms are capable of producing Exo-polysaccharides (EPS) while utilizing simple sugars and hexoses. These EPS found applications in various fields, such as agricultural biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and food industries. However, there is a lack of studies on EPS-elaborating bacteria that can utilize pentoses like xylose. Therefore, the utilization of alternative carbon sources for EPS production has become a focus of recent research. This study aimed to prospect bacteria that can utilize xylose for EPS production. Samples from agricultural soil, dump sites, saline soil, cement-contaminated soil, fresh cow milk, cow dung, and yogurt were serially diluted and cultured in a salt-based medium with xylose as the primary carbon source. Slimy and mucoid colonies were selected as potential EPS-producing isolates and identified morphologically and biochemically using the VITEK 2 Automated identification system. The quantification of EPS production by these isolates was conducted through submerged fermentation with xylose as the sole carbon source. The mean heterotrophic bacterial count of xylose-utilizing bacteria ranged from 2.1x106 CFU to 3.5x108 CFU per gram of the samples analyzed. The slimy and mucoid colonies were identified as members of the genera Staphylococcus, Enterobacter, Kocuria, Klebsiella, Enterococcus, Serratia, and Burkholderia. The quantities of EPS produced by the isolates ranged from 0.04 g/L to 2.0 g/L, with E. cloacae D1, E. cloacae D2, K. oxytoca D2, and K. oxytoca G1 elaborating the highest amount of EPS. Bacterial isolates capable of utilizing xylose for EPS production were obtained from various sources, showing potential for further optimization","PeriodicalId":23463,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistant Salmonella and Shigella in Diarrheal cases Resulting from a Common Source Consumption of Contaminated Water","authors":"Shitu Teslim","doi":"10.47430/ujmr.2493.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2493.006","url":null,"abstract":"Study’s Novelty/ Excerpt\u0000\u0000This study evaluated the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella and Shigella in diarrheal cases related to contaminated water consumption in Jimeta-Yola metropolis, Adamawa State, Nigeria.\u0000Among 78 stool samples, 47.4% showed growth of Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Shigella species, with Shigella being the most prevalent.\u0000Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed high resistance to Ampicillin, Cephalexin, and Co-trimoxazole across all isolates, while Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin emerged as the most effective antibiotics, underscoring the necessity for safe water practices, improved hygiene, and regular monitoring to mitigate these infections.\u0000\u0000Full Abstract\u0000Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella and Shigella remains a significant public health concern globally, particularly in developing nations like Nigeria. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella and Shigella strains in diarrheal cases linked to the consumption of contaminated water from a shared source in Jimeta-Yola metropolis, Adamawa State. A total of 78 stool samples were obtained for culture using standard methods, with 37 (47.4%) displaying growth of Salmonella and Shigella strains. Through appropriate biochemical tests, the isolates were identified as Salmonella Typhi (35.1%), Salmonella Typhimurium (8.1%), and Shigella species (56.8%), with Shigella exhibiting the highest occurrence. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted using ten selected antibiotics: Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Cephalexin, Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin, Co-trimoxazole, Gentamicin, Nitrofurantoin, Ofloxacin, and Tetracycline. Salmonella Typhi isolates showed 76.9% susceptibility to Gentamicin and Ceftriaxone, 61.5% susceptibility to Ofloxacin, 53.8% susceptibility to Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin, Nitrofurantoin, 38.5% susceptibility to Tetracycline, 30.8% susceptibility to Co-trimoxazole, and 23.1% susceptibility to Cephalexin. Shigella species exhibited 95.2% susceptibility to Ofloxacin, 90.5% susceptibility to Gentamicin, 85.7% susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin, 66.7% susceptibility to Ceftriaxone, 57.1% susceptibility to Chloramphenicol, 52.4% susceptibility to Nitrofurantoin, 33.3% susceptibility to Tetracycline, 28.6% susceptibility to Co-trimoxazole, 19% susceptibility to Cephalexin, and 4.8% susceptibility to Ampicillin. Meanwhile, Salmonella Typhimurium displayed 66.7% susceptibility to Ofloxacin, 100% susceptibility to Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoin, Ciprofloxacin, and 33.3% susceptibility to Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Tetracycline, Co-trimoxazole, and Ceftriaxone. The study highlights the persistent high prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella infections and the emergence of complete resistance to Ampicillin, Cephalexin, and Co-trimoxazole. However, Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin are identified as effective treatment options for infections caused by these pathogens. Therefore, ensuring the avail","PeriodicalId":23463,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Malaria among Pregnant Women Attending Selected Public Health Facilities within Katsina Metropolis, Katsina State, Nigeria","authors":"None Saratu Lawal, None Abdulhamid Ahmed, None Umar Lawal","doi":"10.47430/ujmr.2382.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2382.002","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria remains a major threat and concern for public health, especially in developing countries. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors associated with malaria among pregnant women within Katsina metropolis. The study was conducted among 400 antenatal attendees in selected public health facilities within Katsina metropolis from January, 2022 to June, 2022. Venous blood sample was collected from each consenting participant, immediately dispensed into EDTA containers and transported to the laboratory for further analysis. The samples were screened microscopically for Plasmodium parasites. Risk factors, socio-demographic information and other maternal characteristics of the participants were obtained using questionnaires. The BMI of the pregnant women was also calculated using the BMI calculator after measuring their weights and heights. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Fishers exact test and odd ratio analysis at p ≤ 0.05 level of significance. The overall prevalence of malaria was 24.25%. The major factors that are found to have significant association with malaria prevalence in the study area were level of education, occupation, BMI and spraying of insecticide before sleeping (P<0.05). Prior knowledge of malaria is not associated with its prevalence while prior knowledge of anaemia is extremely associated with its prevalence in the study area. The only risk factor for the co-existence of malaria and anaemia in the study area is parity status. Consequently, consistent environmental cleaning and raising awareness among expectant mothers will go a long way towards reducing, if not completely eliminating, malaria in the study area.","PeriodicalId":23463,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136241621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear 80S Ribosomes Present Across the Stages of Cell Cycle in Drosophila Melanogaster Cells","authors":"None Akilu Abdullahi, None Saverio Brogna","doi":"10.47430/ujmr.2382.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2382.003","url":null,"abstract":"Nuclear translation has been a subject of controversy between scientists for over 5 decades. Despite the existence of evidence to the contrary, most biologists agree that translation exclusively takes place in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes. In recent years, more evidences are being presented that disprove this theory. Here we employed the Ribo-BiFC technique which can detect assembled, and potentially translating, ribosomes invivo and studied nuclear 80S assembly and translation at all the stages of cell cycle in Drosophila S2 cells. The results obtained suggest that 80S ribosomes are present in the nucleus particularly within the nucleolus across all the cell cycle stages in Drosophila S2 cells that were visualised. The signal observed is more apparent in S-phase. This investigation supports the many other previous findings that nuclear translation may occur in eukaryotic organisms.","PeriodicalId":23463,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136241622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Acacia Nilotica and Ziziphus Mauritiana against Clinical Isolates of Escherichia Coli and Klebsiella Aerogenes","authors":"None Usman, A., None Ahmad, M., None Hamza, M. M., None Hussaini I. M., None Sanusi, S. B., None Innocent, A. A","doi":"10.47430/ujmr.2382.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2382.001","url":null,"abstract":"Klebsiella aerogenes is an opportunistic pathogen linked to several nosocomial illnesses, including pneumonia, sepsis, and infection of the urinary tract. Escherichia coli is frequently the source of numerous common bacterial illnesses, including bacteraemia, cholecystitis, cholangitis, urinary tract infections (UTI), traveler's diarrhoea, and other medical conditions such as meningitis in babies and pneumonia. This study aimed at determining the antimicrobial activity of Acacia nilotica and Ziziphus mauritania on clinical isolate of E. coli and K. aerogenes. The phytochemical constituents of Z. mauritiana and A. nilotica were determined. E. coli and K. aerogenes isolates were obtained from the Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna and reconfirmed using standard microbiological techniques. The antibacterial activity of Z. mauritiana and A. nilotica extracts against the isolates was determined using Agar well diffusion assay, the MIC and MBC was also determined and recorded. The findings of this study revealed that tannins, quinone, phenols, terpenoids, and steroids are present in Z. mauritiana extract while tannins, saponin, quinones, and terpenoids in A. nilotica extract. There was no activity of Z. mauritiana against any of the test isolates at all concentrations used in this study. Whereas A. nilotica exhibited an antibacterial activity against both E. coli and K. aerogenes recording respectively a zone of inhibition of 24 mm and 25 mm with MIC and MBC value of 600 mg/ml. This research displayed an antibacterial activity of A. nilotica and no activity of Z. mauritiana against E. coli and K. aerogenes.","PeriodicalId":23463,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136241623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Some Potential Plastic Degrading Microbes in Katsina, North Western Nigeria","authors":"Usman, L. U., Yerima, R., Haruna, M. R., Adamu, S. U., Nafiu, M. I., Lawal, N., Mustapha, S.","doi":"10.47430/ujmr.1942.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.1942.016","url":null,"abstract":"Microorganisms play a significant role in biological decomposition of materials, including synthetic polymers in natural environments. This research was aimed to asses some potential plastic degrading microbes in Katsina. Soil samples from four different locations of about 15,000 meters apart were used for this study. Portions of the soil samples were dried, ground and sieved through a 2mm sieve for Physico-chemical characterization. The soil temperature range from 26.30c to 29.60c, pH 5.67 to 6.26, % Nitrate 0.54 to 0.97, % Phosphates 2.03 to 3.83, % organic carbon 1.71 to 3.27, % organic matter 1.97 to 9.43 and % moisture content 7.13 to 16.22. Isolation and the enumeration of bacteria and fungi was done using nutrient agar and potato dextrose agar respectively. The total populations of bacteria ranged from 1.69 x 105 to 2.94 x 105 CFU/g in the soil while the fungi range from 1.60 x 104 to 8.35 x 104 CFU/g in the soil. The capability of microbial isolates to biodegrade ground polyethylene bags and plastic bottles was tested weekly. Microbes identified include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus lactis, Bacillus subtilis, Diplococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. Eight degrading fungal species identified following fungal colony and color include Alternaria alternate, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ornatus, Aspergillus candidus, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus terreus and Rhizopus stolonifera. It can be concluded that the soil around Kofar Sauri, Kofar Marusa, Kofar Guga and Kofar Kaura of Katsina metropolis contains some plastic degrading microbial species. Hence, further investigation using GC-MS to analyze the microbial enzymes or organic acids in degradation of the polythene and plastics in eco-friendly way is recommended. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":23463,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82057272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}