Antibacterial Activity of Polyalthia longifolia Leaf Extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR) Pub Date : 2024-06-09 DOI:10.47430/ujmr.2493.002

Umar, F. J., Idris, F. T., Usman, A., Balarabe, F. T., Adamu, A.

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Abstract

Study’s Novelty/ Excerpt Using the disc diffusion method, this study demonstrated the antibacterial properties of Polyalthia longifolia leaf extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinone, phenolic acids, and saponins, while flavonoids and steroids were absent. Both ethanolic and aqueous extracts showed significant antibacterial activity, with MIC and MBC values of 100 mg/mL, suggesting that Polyalthia longifolia leaves hold potential as alternative treatments for bacterial infections. Full Abstract Polyalthia longifolia, commonly known as the masquerade plant is a tropical evergreen plant with cultural and medicinal importance in Nigeria. This study used the disc diffusion method to analyze the antibacterial activity of Polyalthia longifolia leaves extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The leaves were dried grounded, and ethanolic and aqueous extracts were used for antibacterial screening against the test isolates. The test isolates were confirmed based on cell morphology, gram reaction, and biochemical tests. The leaf extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening for alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, phytosterols, and tannins. Phytochemical analysis of the leaf extracts of Polyalthia longifolia revealed that the leaves of this plant contain alkaloids, anthraquinone, phenols acid, and saponins, while flavonoids and Steroids were absent. The results of the antibacterial screening for aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the plant indicated that ethanol and aqueous extracts of the plant exhibited antibacterial activities with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations of 100mg/mL for both MIC and MBC.In conclusion, the leaves of the Polyalthia longifolia plant can be used as an alternative medicine for treating bacterial infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

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长叶聚伞花科植物叶提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌活性

研究的新颖性/摘录本研究采用碟片扩散法证明了长叶何首乌叶提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌特性。乙醇提取物和水提取物均显示出显著的抗菌活性，其 MIC 和 MBC 值均为 100 mg/mL，这表明长叶聚伞花科植物的叶子具有替代治疗细菌感染的潜力。本研究采用碟片扩散法分析了长叶聚伞花科植物叶片提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌活性。将叶子干燥研磨后，用乙醇提取物和水提取物对测试分离物进行抗菌筛选。根据细胞形态、革兰氏反应和生化测试确认了测试分离物。对叶片提取物进行植物化学筛选，以检测生物碱、皂苷、黄酮类、类固醇、植物甾醇和单宁。植物化学分析显示，Polyalthia longifolia 的叶片提取物中含有生物碱、蒽醌、酚酸和皂苷，但不含黄酮类和类固醇。该植物的水提取物和乙醇提取物的抗菌筛选结果表明，该植物的乙醇提取物和水提取物具有抗菌活性，最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度均为 100 毫克/毫升。

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UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)

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