UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences最新文献_第8页

Determinants of Affordability in Rental Housing in Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria 尼日利亚奥约州Ogbomoso租房负担能力的决定因素

UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36108/ujees/1202.30.0250

O. Odunjo

{"title":"Determinants of Affordability in Rental Housing in Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Odunjo","doi":"10.36108/ujees/1202.30.0250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/1202.30.0250","url":null,"abstract":"This study assesses the determinants of affordability in rental housing in Ogbomoso, Southwest, Nigeria. The location was borne out of the fact that the city houses Ladoke Akintola University of Technology which is a source of employment. Ogbomoso North Local Government Area, the domiciled home of the University was purposively selected for the study. Random sampling was used in selecting two hundred and thirteen households. The questionnaire and observation formed the basic instruments for data collection which were administered to respondents to collect information on socioeconomic characteristics such as; house type and condition as well as house rent. Both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were employed in the presentation of the findings; correlation analysis was used to test the relationship between households’ income and house type. The bulk of the respondents collect N11,000 – N20,000 (35.2%) indicating they are low-income workers, while the significant house type was Brazilian rooming house (40.2%). Correlation analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between house type and households’ income (p=0.030) indicating house type is a function of household income. The study suggests among others that, the income of residents should be factored into housing policies in Nigeria in determining the housing needs of people.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86679093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

On the Determination of a Compensation Model for Rain Degraded Digital DTH Links over a Tropical Location 热带地区雨降数字DTH链路补偿模式的确定

UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0140

O. Obiyemi

{"title":"On the Determination of a Compensation Model for Rain Degraded Digital DTH Links over a Tropical Location","authors":"O. Obiyemi","doi":"10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0140","url":null,"abstract":"Ku-band satellite remains the most cost-effective distribution channel for digital television services in terms of global coverage and wide bandwidth availability. However, signal attenuation due to rain remains the bane of the reception quality and the continuous availability. In the clear-sky, the minimum signal loss between a Ku-satellite and an earth station is about 205 dB. The amount of rain rate and the site’s latitude further compound this minimum signal attenuation. Existing reported research works are mainly limited to modelling of rain-induced attenuation without porting research findings into compensation product in terms of appropriate mitigation technique. This study is aimed at developing a robust compensation model for the rain-induced digital satellite television services for an improved quality and availability of service in Nigeria, with a specific objective of determining the optimal dish size for compensating the signal attenuation on the digital satellite TV downlink. The methodology employed involves rain data collection from the International Telecommunication Union-Radiocommunication (ITU-R) worst rain zone in Nigeria. The determination of appropriate dish sizes for different parts of Nigeria was carried out. A compensation model was derived for the rain degraded DTH link; and practical dish size of 1.5 m, for 48 dBW satellite footprint, was found to be adequate for compensating Ku satellite signal attenuation, regardless of rainstorm in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"6 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77441967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Response Surface Approach for Determining Optimal Mix Parameters for Normal Strength Concrete 确定标准强度混凝土最优配合比参数的响应面法

UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0130

M. A. Kareem

{"title":"A Response Surface Approach for Determining Optimal Mix Parameters for Normal Strength Concrete","authors":"M. A. Kareem","doi":"10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0130","url":null,"abstract":"The study evaluates the influence of water/cement ratios and aggregates contents on the engineering properties of normal weight concrete. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using historical design was adopted to design and develop predictive models and perform the optimization of concrete prepared with cement, fine aggregate (FA), coarse aggregate (CA) contents at different water/cement ratio (W/C) by volume. Concrete mixes were prepared using fixed content of ordinary Portland cement and the different mixtures. The density and compressive strength of hardened concrete specimens were determined at the curing 28 days. The response surface analysis showed that W/C and aggregate contents have significant effects on density and compressive strength of concrete. The regression model yielded good correlations with the experimental data. The optimized density and 28-day compressive strength values of 2522.973 kg/m3 and 29.977 N/mm2 were achieved for the concrete mix containing 1.5-part of FA, 3-part of CA and 0.60 W/C, respectively. The optimal concrete mix parameters determined using RSM provides the basis for selecting appropriate safe concrete component ratios.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85883375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Analysis of the Adsorption of Methylene Blue Using Magnetised and Non-Magnetised Coconut Shell Biochar 磁化与非磁化椰壳生物炭吸附亚甲基蓝的对比分析

UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0250

A. Musa

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Adsorption of Methylene Blue Using Magnetised and Non-Magnetised Coconut Shell Biochar","authors":"A. Musa","doi":"10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0250","url":null,"abstract":"It is envisaged that magnetisation might alter the sorption behaviours of magnetised biochars due to some variation in the physicochemical properties from their precursor. This study evaluated the adsorption behaviours of a coconut shell biochar produced at 600 °C, CSB600, and its magnetised pair, MCSB600, in the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models were used to describe the experimental isotherm using linear and nonlinear regression methods to determine the best fit for MB adsorption from the batch experiments conducted. The Langmuir model proved to be the best fit to explain the experimental data as it had the highest R2 (0.9684 and 0.9855) from linear regression and the lowest hybrid fractional error function, HYBRID (4.58, 1.145) and marquardt’s percent standard deviation, MPSD (10.61, 5.04) error function values from the nonlinear regression methods with maximum monolayer adsorption capacities of 5.590 and 5.229 mg/g for CSB600 and MCSB600 respectively. The magnetised biochar exhibited similar adsorption characteristics to what was observed for the non-magnetised biochar and only about 6.46% lower MB adsorption capacity was recorded. A p-value of 0.088 obtained suggested the isotherms were similar and therefore, magnetisation did not affect the adsorption of MB.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82106662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracking the Presence of Lead Contaminant in Water using Geophysical Model 利用地球物理模型追踪水中铅污染物的存在

UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0210

L. Abidoye, M. Lawal, K. O. Rabiu

引用次数: 0

Building Health Parameters and Willingness to Pay of Residents In Jakande Estate, Lagos, Nigeria 尼日利亚拉各斯Jakande村居民健康参数的建立和支付意愿

UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0270

T. A. Adelabu, S. O. Olanrewaju, V. Ige

{"title":"Building Health Parameters and Willingness to Pay of Residents In Jakande Estate, Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"T. A. Adelabu, S. O. Olanrewaju, V. Ige","doi":"10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0270","url":null,"abstract":"It is against the background of the intricate relationship between condition of housing, health and affordability of residents that this study investigates housing health conditions and willingness to pay of residents on Jakande Estate, Lagos, Nigeria. This is with view of proffering recommendations that will aid the achievement of affordable healthy buildings in the area. To achieve this, 340 housing units were sampled using a random systematic sampling technique at an interval of every third house in all the streets in the estate. Questionnaire was then administered to the household head of each sampled building. Obtained information such as income, annual rent, willingness to pay (WTP) and perceived satisfaction with housing parameters were subjected to descriptive statistics such as percentages. Also, Likert rating of WTP was done to assess the willingness of residents to pay for building health parameters. It was observed that about 87% of the residents of the estate are civil servants, while about 45% of them earn a monthly income between 50,000 – 100,00. Also, 62% of the residents pay a moderate rental value of 100,000 – 150,000. Residents are willing to pay as high as 30,000 annually for good water (3.5), cross ventilation (2.91) and good ceiling (2.81). However, about 60% of the residents are not satisfied with the level of noise in the estate. Also, about 65% are not satisfied with water and sanitation. The study therefore recommends provision of central boreholes, employment of sanitation workers and community participation for the achievement of affordable healthy buildings in the estate.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80126286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Compactive Efforts on Hydraulic Conductivity of Black Cotton Soil Treated with Cassava Peel Ash 木薯皮灰处理对黑棉土水导率的影响

UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0120

K. Adeyemo, G. H. Yunusa, A. Bello

{"title":"Effect of Compactive Efforts on Hydraulic Conductivity of Black Cotton Soil Treated with Cassava Peel Ash","authors":"K. Adeyemo, G. H. Yunusa, A. Bello","doi":"10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0120","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of laboratory investigation carried out on the effect of compactive efforts on the hydraulic conductivity of black cotton soil treated with Cassava Peel Ash (CPA) at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24% CPA treatment. Index properties, hydraulic conductivity and cation exchange capacity tests were carried out. Specimens were prepared at moulding water contents 2% dry, OMC, 2% wet and 4% wet of optimum moisture content using British Standard Light (BSL), British Standard Heavy (BSH) and West African Standard (WAS) compactive efforts. The results show that hydraulic conductivity value generally decreases as the CPA concentration is increased in the blend. At optimal 16% CPA treatment level, hydraulic conductivity values are 1.74 x 10-8, 1.40 x 10-8 and 8.42 x 10-9 cm/s for BSL, WAS and BSH energy levels. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) test was also conducted to further investigate the water holding capacity of the natural and treated specimens; the CEC indicates that CPA had positive contribution on the hydraulic conductivity of the treated specimens especially as CPA content is increased. This study revealed that hydraulic conductivity decreases to its minimum at higher compactive effort.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"44 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83495501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A Appraisal of the Lagos State Building Control Agency towards Efficient Service Delivery 拉各斯州建筑控制机构对高效服务提供的评价

UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0230

S. Olatunji, K. Atoyebi, A. Oladipupo

{"title":"A Appraisal of the Lagos State Building Control Agency towards Efficient Service Delivery","authors":"S. Olatunji, K. Atoyebi, A. Oladipupo","doi":"10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0230","url":null,"abstract":"The study evaluated the institutional framework of building control practice, identified and examined the degrees of enforcement and compliance with the building control regulation in Lagos State with reference to the promulgation of the Urban and Regional Planning and development Law of 2010. A total of 185 questionnaires were used to elicit data from 72 firms, 33 consultants and 80 personnel of the Building Control Agency in which sixty-three one hundred and seventeen (117), (63.2%) questionnaires were accurately filled and returned. The data collected were analyzed using frequency, percentage and weighted summation. Findings revealed that the agency (LASBCA) undertakes the major role of setting the enforcement system for building projects and private parties’ participation were not yet in place. Furthermore on the level of compliance by contractors, result showed that the structural stability and aesthetic appearance of building projects received greater attention. This paper concludes that the practice of Building Control to a large extent has the prospects of enhancing the quality of building project delivery but detailed program of work should be submitted along with other necessary document before approving commencement of work on site so that every stage of work could be adequately captured in the study area.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90580707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review of Voltage Control Methods in Conventional and Active Distribution Network 传统配电网和有功配电网电压控制方法综述

UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0220

O. Oladepo, H. Lasisi, T. Awofolaju

引用次数: 0

Teaching-Learning Based Optimization Approach for Determining Size and Location of Distributed Generation for Real Power Loss Reduction on Nigerian Grid 尼日利亚电网实际降损分布式发电规模和位置的教-学优化方法

UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0110

M. Okelola, O. Olabode, T. Ajewole

{"title":"Teaching-Learning Based Optimization Approach for Determining Size and Location of Distributed Generation for Real Power Loss Reduction on Nigerian Grid","authors":"M. Okelola, O. Olabode, T. Ajewole","doi":"10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/9102.10.0110","url":null,"abstract":"The ever increasing sensitization on the need for clean energies that are not only environmental friendly but also have comparative cost advantages encourages the use of distributed generation. Using distributed generation at the load ends or close to the load centers has not only reduced carbon emission, but also improves power system performances. Presented in this paper is the adoption of Teaching-Learning Based Optimization technique for determining the most suitable site and size of distributed generation for real power loss reduction on Nigerian power system. Backward/Forward Sweep technique was employed for the power flow analysis, while the suitable locations of the distributed generations were pre-selected using Voltage Stability Index and Teaching-Learning Based Optimization technique was employed to establish the optimal location and the optimum size of the required distributed generation. This approach was demonstrated on the IEEE 34-bus test system, with the placement of 1 kW DG at bus 11 of the system. The aggregate real power loss diminished from 571 kW to 208.5954 kW (63.5726% reduction), while Voltage Stability Index and voltage profile of the system also improved remarkably. Also, by placing distributed generation on typical Nigerian 11 kV feeder, the real power loss reduced from 1.1 kW to 0.75 kW while the magnitude of bus voltage increased from 0.8295 to 0.8456 p.u. Based on the results of this analysis, Teaching-Learning Based Optimization has demonstrated excellent performance on the two test cases and therefore would be a tool to adopt on the Nigerian radial distribution system.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81687618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0