Tumori最新文献

{"title":"Survey among childhood cancer survivors about their preferences on functionalities of a to-be-developed Survivorship Passport Mobile App.","authors":"Sara Oberti, Giorgia Manuzi, Martina Fragola, Hannah Gsell, Monica Muraca, Andrea Beccaria, Anita Kienesberger, Carina Schneider, Zuzana Tomasikova, Jack Latteur, Leontien C M Kremer, Riccardo Haupt, Ramona Tallone","doi":"10.1177/03008916261425443","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916261425443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Investigate preferences of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) or of their caregivers (CG) about functionalities of a to be developed mobile app intended to improve compliance with a personalized survivorship care plan (Survivorship Passport) delivered according to the PanCareFollowUp model.</p><p><strong>Study setting and design: </strong>A 19-item Likert-type questionnaire was distributed by Childhood Cancer International among its affiliated associations. App functionalities were grouped into four modules (My Passport; My Hospital; Communication/Telehealth; My Health) and assigned to one of the Quality of cancer Survivorship Care Framework (QCSCF) domains.Data source and analytic sample:A decreasing score was given to each answer with \"very useful\" having the score of 4 and \"not useful\" the score of 1. Response data were reported with their mean (μ) score and values >3.5, between 3.2 - 3.5, 2.6 - 3.1 and <3.1 were defined as \"very appreciated\" \"appreciated\", \"fairly appreciated\" and \"not appreciated\", respectively.</p><p><strong>Principal findings: </strong>One hundred and fifty-four subjects (55% CG) completed the survey. Six functionalities were very appreciated and belonged either to the My Passport (n=3), My Hospital (n=2) or Communication/Telehealth (n=1) modules. Nine functionalities were appreciated (Communication/Telehealth n=6, My Passport n=3). Functionalities of the My Health module were the least appreciated. When functionalities were pooled according to the QCSCF, those pertinent to the health care delivery contextual domain were very appreciated, while those related to cancer and its treatment were not appreciated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This survey provided useful information which contributed to the development of the Cancer Survio Smart Card prototype by the SmartCARE consortium.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"268-276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13250270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical usefulness of knowing <i>CHRNA5</i> polymorphism genotype: paving the way for personalized therapy.","authors":"Francesca Colombo, Chiara Veronese, Elena Munarini, Cinzia Paolino, Davide Maspero, Nunzia Mangano, Martina Esposito, Francesca Minnai, Sara Noci, Marta Giussani, Daniele Morelli, Elisa Cardani, Alessandro Esposito, Gaia Giulia Angela Sacco, Debora Spitaleri, Roberto Boffi","doi":"10.1177/03008916251408279","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916251408279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tobacco smoking is a leading cause of global mortality, with cessation being the primary prevention strategy. Nicotine addiction has a genetic component; the rs503464 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the <i>CHRNA5</i> gene is associated with smoking cessation therapy success. However, the impact of communicating genetic risk to patients remains unclear. This study evaluated whether knowledge of the rs503464 genotype influences smoking cessation rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>270 smokers were enrolled and randomized into two groups: informed and uninformed of their rs503464 genotype. All participants received standard pharmacological-behavioral interventions. Cessation rates were assessed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression models analyzed the effect of knowing the rs503464 genotype and other variables on cessation success.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 219 subjects who started prescribed smoking cessation medication, no significant differences in cessation rates were observed between participants informed or not informed of their rs503464 genotype at any follow-up point (P > 0.05). Male gender and higher baseline carbon monoxide levels were associated with lower success rates at three months. The medications used were equally effective.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Communication of the rs503464 genotype did not influence smoking cessation success, proving that it does not disturb this process. This result opens the possibility of using genetic information to personalize anti-smoking treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"221-230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13250266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147435838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and selection of the best artificial intelligence methods developed for detection and diagnosis of breast cancer.","authors":"Xuan Zhou, Qi Fan, Dan Zhu, Jing Kang, Lijun Lv","doi":"10.1177/03008916261434125","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916261434125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Comprehensive identification and prioritization of developed artificial intelligence methods for the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer can help to select proper techniques. This study aimed to introduce the best artificial intelligence techniques developed for the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer using microscopic images by fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To identify the artificial intelligence techniques developed, a systematic search was performed in five reliable databases. After that, the Delphi method was applied to determine the proper criteria for selecting the best artificial intelligence techniques. To estimate the relative weights of the criteria, the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) method was used. In the next step, to prioritize the identified artificial intelligence techniques, the technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) method was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-four artificial intelligence techniques were identified. Seven selection criteria, validity, accuracy, comprehensiveness, processing time, cost, simplicity, and executive capability, were introduced. Ensemble deep learning architectures integrated with web of things (weight = 0.8041), the computer-aided diagnosis method (weight = 0.7774), the ensemble strategy (VGG16 - ResNet34 - ResNet50) (weight = 0.7475), automated tumor-stroma interface zone detection (weight = 0.7475), and MultiNet/Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD)-based deep learning model (weight = 0.7262) were selected as the best methods, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings represent a total approach to the developed techniques which can be used for designing methods with better performance in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"241-259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and impact of germline mutations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Emir Gokhan Kahraman, Halil Taskaynatan, Taha Reşid Özdemir, Özge Özer Kaya, Selcan Keşan, Olcun Ümit Ünal","doi":"10.1177/03008916251410475","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916251410475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Germline pathogenic variants are increasingly recognized as critical determinants of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) susceptibility, prognosis, and response to targeted therapies such as PARP inhibitors. Recent guidelines recommend germline testing for all PDAC patients, regardless of family history, to identify hereditary cancer syndromes and guide treatment decisions. However, data from populations underrepresented in genomic studies, such as the Turkish population, remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 151 unselected PDAC patients who underwent germline testing using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel between January 2023 and April 2025. The panel covered established cancer susceptibility genes. Clinical parameters-including age, sex, tumor location and stage, diabetes status, and cancer family history-were reviewed. Variants were classified as pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP), variants of uncertain significance (VUS), or benign.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 151 patients, 17 (11.3%) harbored P/LP variants, most frequently in ATM (n=3), BRCA1 (n=2), BRCA2 (n=2), and CDKN2A (n=2). An additional 33 patients (21.9%) carried VUS, again most commonly affecting ATM. No benign variants were reported. Notably, 70.6% of P/LP carriers had a first- or second-degree family history of cancer. Most tumors originated in the pancreatic head (72.8%), and 41.1% of patients had metastatic disease at diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings confirm the relevance of multigene panel testing in PDAC and reveal a germline mutation spectrum consistent with global data. These results support universal germline screening and emphasize the need for continued VUS interpretation, particularly in genomically understudied populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"260-267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146019898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The landscape of artificial intelligence in carbon ion radiotherapy: A scoping review.","authors":"Giulia Fontana, Sithin Thulasi Seetha, Sara Lillo, Silvia Molinelli, Alessandro Vai, Anna Maria Camarda, Lorenzo Preda, Amelia Barcellini, Ester Orlandi","doi":"10.1177/03008916261438952","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916261438952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>While artificial intelligence (AI) is known to benefit radiotherapy (RT), its applications in carbon ion RT (CIRT) is yet to be surveyed. This scoping review aims to examine the current landscape of AI in CIRT and highlight future directions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Following PRISMA guidelines, three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched to find eligible English articles investigating AI in CIRT between January 2014 and June 2025. Two human reviewers and an AI tool independently screened articles. Agreement was quantified using Cohen's kappa and McNemar's test (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 413 unique articles screened, 16 were selected, and an additional three were included through citation search, totaling 19 articles. The screening agreement between human and AI reviewers was substantial (Cohen's kappa = 0.75) with no statistical difference (p = 0.18). The AI contributions in CIRT were categorized into treatment planning, optimization, and verification; synthetic imaging; tumor control; and normal tissue complication prediction. All selected studies were limited by small datasets and lacked external validation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI development in the CIRT domain is in early stages but holds promise for reducing costs and improving treatment, especially in adaptive settings. Future efforts should foster collaboration across CIRT facilities to support robust AI applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"3008916261438952"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147875810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern approaches to target tumor heterogeneity: Integrating technology and treatment.","authors":"Amit Kumar, Nisha Manav, Mayank Singh, Abhishek Shankar, Manish Kumar, Chandra Prakash Prasad","doi":"10.1177/03008916261437964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03008916261437964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) describes the diversity of cancer cells within a single tumor. This heterogeneity includes differences in the cells' phenotypes, genotypes, and functions. As a result, cancer cells can vary in their morphology, gene expression and protein profiles, metabolic behavior, and their ability to proliferate and invade surrounding tissues. As a hallmark of cancer, ITH presents major obstacles to the effective treatment of solid tumors by contributing to therapeutic resistance, increased metastatic potential, and higher relapse rates. ITH arises from multiple factors, including genetic instability, epigenetic modifications, selective pressures from the tumor microenvironment, and therapy-induced selection. Individually or collectively, these factors alter the transcriptomic and proteomic landscapes of cancer cells, driving heterogeneity and enabling them to adapt, survive, and evolve under hostile growth conditions. Despite its clinical relevance, the holistic understanding of ITH is still a challenge. Various biophysical techniques are being employed to gain a deeper insight of ITH. Importantly, the intricate nature of ITH implies that existing therapies primarily eliminate dominant clones, unintentionally permitting minor subclones to survive and contribute to disease relapse and therapeutic resistance. Thus, developing strategies that combine adaptive multi-agent therapies with functional analysis of subclonal dynamics is anticipated to drive substantial improvements in precision oncology, paving the way toward personalized and durable cancer care. The present study discusses ITH in-depth, describes the genetic, epigenetic, microenvironmental, and therapy-induced factors that contribute to its definition, assesses current analytical techniques, and considers ways to mitigate its impact on cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"3008916261437964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision animal models of tumors: Advances, challenges and clinical translation.","authors":"Zhengyi Wang, Xiaoying Wu","doi":"10.1177/03008916261427237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03008916261427237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preclinical immunotherapy research relies heavily on animal tumor models, which can be broadly classified into four categories: genetically engineered, carcinogen-induced, spontaneous, and humanized transplantation platforms. While these systems mimic tumorigenesis, immune-microenvironment interactions, and therapeutic responses, their clinical translational utility is limited by species differences, incomplete immune reconstitution, and significant ethical concerns. This review synthesizes current approaches, systematically catalogs their respective strengths and limitations, and proposes integrated solutions that incorporate multi-omics datasets, artificial intelligence modeling, standardized protocols, and international consortia. Future research should prioritize the development of next-generation humanized platforms and virtual digital tumor models, and accelerate clinical translation through rigorous cross-species validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"3008916261427237"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolution of cinematic language in portraying cancer.","authors":"Andrea Ferrari, Cristiano Nardò, Tobia Passigato, Elena Pagani Bagliacca, Matteo Silva, Alice Patriccioli, Stefano Signoroni, Walter Ferrari Bravo, Michela Casanova, Maura Massimino","doi":"10.1177/03008916261442817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03008916261442817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drawing inspiration from the sitcom <i>Ho Preso un Granchio</i> created by the young patients of the Youth Project at the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori in Milan, this paper discusses how the depiction of cancer in film and television has changed over the years: specifically, how in 50 years society has gone from being unable to even pronounce the word \"cancer\" to being able to laugh about it, much like they did, telling their own stories with self-irony and even black humor.These reflections are the result of meetings held with the Youth Project patients, who for this initiative reinvented themselves as authors, screenwriters, actors, and assistant directors.This article serves as a reminder that film and television are a mass art form that acts as a mirror of our society, but at the same time can profoundly influence the collective imagination and the ways we express ourselves and think. Like other art forms, cinema can play an important role in narrating the illness of cancer, but it can also be used to support the disease journey of oncology patients, as in the creative laboratories of the Youth Project, where art becomes the tool to offer young patients a way to open up and tell their stories, their fears, and their hopes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"3008916261442817"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethics in the evaluation of the quality of scientific research: An AIOM-TJ roundtable.","authors":"Alessio Vittorio Adani, Paolo Crosetto, Laura Galbiati, Elena Giglia, Aldo Scarpa, Francesco Perrone","doi":"10.1177/03008916261441119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03008916261441119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current scientific ecosystem is characterized by a systemic crisis driven by the <i>Publish or Perish</i> culture and an exponential growth in publication volumes that outpaces the number of active researchers. Here, we highlight the limitations of traditional bibliometric indicators, such as the Impact Factor and H-index, which have become targets for manipulation and enable inflationary business models, including the proliferation of special issues. To address these distortions, we explore the transformative potential of Open Science and the adoption of FAIR data principles to move from a model based on blind trust to one rooted in verifiability. Furthermore, we examine innovative evaluation frameworks, such as the independent peer review model, and the integration of artificial intelligence through Technology Assisted Research Assessment (TARA), emphasizing that human judgment must remain central to ensuring research integrity. Ultimately, the transition from quantitative metrics to qualitative assessment is an ethical duty necessary to safeguard the credibility of oncological research and the quality of patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"3008916261441119"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reforming Ethical Oversight in Italy: Challenges and Gaps in the Implementation of the New Ethics Committees Framework.","authors":"Celeste Cagnazzo, Giorgia Rocca, Franca Fagioli","doi":"10.1177/03008916251392734","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916251392734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent reform of Italian Ethics Committees (ECs), formalized between 2022 and 2023, aimed to streamline ethical oversight in clinical research by transitioning from a fragmented local system to a coordinated national framework. The new structure includes 40 Territorial Ethics Committees (CETs) and three National Committees (CENs), under the supervision of the National Coordination Centre (CCNCE). While the reform aligned Italy with European Regulation (EU) No 536/2014, significant implementation gaps remain. Many CETs face operational delays, non-compliance with legal composition requirements, inconsistent procedures, and limited resources. Technical-Scientific Secretariats (STS)-crucial to committee function-often lack adequate staffing and training, leading to geographic disparities in review efficiency. Financial sustainability is also a major concern, especially for committees handling unfunded non-commercial studies. Furthermore, the limited mandate of ECs excludes a large portion of ethically complex but non-regulated research. The CCNCE's coordinating role is constrained by scarce resources and insufficient authority. To ensure effective, equitable, and independent ethical review, the article calls for regulatory harmonization, organizational investment, financial support, and broader recognition of ECs' roles in all areas of health research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"92-96"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145490520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}