Tumori最新文献

{"title":"A new era for bladder cancer: Enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab milestone approval.","authors":"Ushna Zameer, Wajiha Shaikh","doi":"10.1177/03008916231221508","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916231221508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cisplatin-based combos have become first-line treatment regimens in standard of care because of their high overall survival improvement. Despite being the first-line therapy, due to its side effects, roughly half of all patients suffering from Metastatic urothelial cancer are ineligible for it. To address this issue, scientists have been developing highly specific antibody-drug conjugates to address this issue. For locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer, a combination of Padcev (enfortumab vedotin-ejfv) with pembrolizumab (Keytruda) has been authorized by the FDA as a first-line treatment and has shown promising outcomes in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who are ineligible for cisplatin-based combinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"295-296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel insights into RB1 in prostate cancer lineage plasticity and drug resistance.","authors":"Min Ma, Yazhi Zhu, Changkai Xiao, Ruidong Li, Xingyu Cao, Ran Kang, Xiaolan Wang, Ermao Li","doi":"10.1177/03008916231225576","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916231225576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy among men in the world, posing a serious threat to men's health and lives. RB1 is the first human tumor suppressor gene to be described, and it is closely associated with the development, progression, and suppression of a variety of tumors. It was found that the loss of RB1 is an early event in prostate cancer development and is closely related to prostate cancer development, progression and treatment resistance. This paper reviews the current status of research on the relationship between RB1 and prostate cancer from three aspects: RB1 and prostate cell lineage plasticity; biological behavior; and therapeutic resistance. Providing a novel perspective for developing new therapeutic strategies for RB1-loss prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"252-263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"North-south differences in incidence and surveillance of cutaneous malignant melanoma in Italy.","authors":"Lauro Bucchi, Silvia Mancini, Federica Zamagni, Emanuele Crocetti, Luigino Dal Maso, Stefano Ferretti, Flavia Baldacchini, Orietta Giuliani, Alessandra Ravaioli, Rosa Vattiato, Francesca Bella, Giuliano Carrozzi, Giuseppe Cascone, Margherita Ferrante, Maria Michiara, Antonino Musolino, Rosario Tumino, Antonella Usticano, Alessandra Allotta, Sebastiano Pollina Addario, Francesco Lacarrubba, Ignazio Stanganelli, Fabio Falcini","doi":"10.1177/03008916241255458","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916241255458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Italy, the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma is two-fold higher in the north than in the south. This gradient might be associated with differences in incidence trends and disease surveillance. We compared the time trends in incidence rates, mortality rates, dermatologic office visit rates and skin biopsy rates between the Emilia-Romagna Region (northern Italy) and the Sicily Region (southern Italy).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cancer registries of Parma, Modena, Ferrara and Romagna (current population, 2,606,465) and Catania-Messina-Enna, Siracusa and Ragusa (2,775,019) provided incidence and mortality records for the years 2008-2017. The records of outpatient services delivered in public health facilities were obtained from the two Regional Administrations. Trends in rates were assessed with the estimated average annual percent change. North-south differences were expressed as age-standardised rate ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the context of a generalised increasing incidence trend, which was more moderate in the female population of the Sicily Region, the standardised rate ratios were: 5.31 (males) and 5.20 (females) for in situ cutaneous malignant melanoma; 2.10 and 2.07 for invasive cutaneous malignant melanoma, with an excess incidence concentrated in lesions ⩽1.00 mm thick (3.58 and 3.05); 3.00 and 2.44 for dermatologic office visits; and 5.25 and 5.02 for skin biopsies. Mortality was stable in both Regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the Emilia-Romagna Region, as compared with the Sicily Region, a higher incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma -especially of in situ and early invasive cutaneous malignant melanoma- coexisted with a higher level of clinical surveillance. The question of the direction of the cause-effect relationship between increased incidence and increased diagnostic scrutiny remains open.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"264-272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-neoplastic cells as prognostic biomarkers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A system review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Min Zhao, Lixing Wang, Xingyu Wang, Juan He, Kuai Yu, Dan Li","doi":"10.1177/03008916231221636","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916231221636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The microenvironment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is composed of various components, including immune cells and immune checkpoints, some of which have been correlated with the prognosis of DLBCL, but their results remain controversial. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between the microenvironment and prognosis in DLBCL. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE for relevant articles between 2001 and 2022. Twenty-five studies involving 4495 patients with DLBCL were included in the analysis. This meta-analysis confirmed that high densities of Foxp3+Tregs and PD-1+T cells are good indicators for overall survival (OS) in DLBCL, while high densities of programmed cell death protein ligand1(PD-L1)-positive expression cells and T-cell immunoglobulin-and mucin domain-3-containing molecule 3 (TIM-3)-positive expression tumor-infiltrating cells (TILs) play a contrary role in OS. Additionally, higher numbers of T-cell intracytoplasmic antigen-1(TIA-1)-positive expression T cells imply better OS and progression-free survival (PFS), while high numbers of lymphocyte activation gene(LAG)-positive expression TILs predict bad OS and PFS. Various non-tumoral cells in the microenvironment play important roles in the prognosis of DLBCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"227-240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139106743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiation on anorectal function assessed with anorectal manometry: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Pamela Milito, Guglielmo Niccolò Piozzi, Mohammad Iqbal Hussain, Tommaso A Dragani, Luca Sorrentino, Maurizio Cosimelli, Marcello Guaglio, Luigi Battaglia","doi":"10.1177/03008916241256544","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916241256544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Improvement in oncological survival for rectal cancer increases attention to anorectal dysfunction. Diagnostic questionnaires can evaluate quality of life but are subjective and dependent on patients' compliance. Anorectal manometry can objectively assess the continence mechanism and identify functional sphincter weakness and rectal compliance. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is presumed to affect anorectal function. We aim to assess anorectal function in rectal cancer patients who undergo total mesorectal excision, with or without neoadjuvant chemoradiation, using anorectal manometry measurements.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for studies comparing perioperative anorectal manometry between neoadjuvant chemoradiation and upfront surgery for rectal cancers. Primary outcomes were resting pressure, squeeze pressure, sensory threshold volume and maximal tolerable volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight studies were included in the systematic review, of which seven were included for metanalysis. 155 patients (45.3%) had neoadjuvant chemoradiation before definitive surgery, and 187 (54.6%) underwent upfront surgery. Most patients were male (238 vs. 118). The standardized mean difference of mean resting pressure, mean and maximum squeeze pressure, maximum resting pressure, sensory threshold volume, and maximal tolerable volume favored the upfront surgery group but without statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Currently available evidence on anorectal manometry protocols failed to show any statistically significant differences in functional outcomes between neoadjuvant chemoradiation and upfront surgery. Further large-scale prospective studies with standardized neoadjuvant chemoradiation and anorectal manometry protocols are needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"284-294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11295399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141180862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant treatment in hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer: New approaches of endocrine therapy.","authors":"Simone Nardin, Tommaso Ruelle, Irene Giannubilo, Lucia Del Mastro","doi":"10.1177/03008916231216830","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916231216830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and luminal breast cancer is the predominant subtype, characterized by the presence of estrogen receptors and/or progesterone receptors in tumor cells. Adjuvant endocrine therapy is the pivotal approach in the management of luminal early breast cancer. Hence, new therapeutic approaches have been studied during the last few years, especially in patients with high risk of recurrence.Here we provide a summary of the most recent clinical trials evaluating adjuvant treatment in hormone-receptors-positive early breast cancer. First, the main cornerstone is related to the role of extended endocrine treatment, which has been widely investigated to access a benefit in disease-free survival and overall survival (only the GIM4 trial has positive feedback about survival) and to tailor the treatment according to patient compliance. The results highlighted an advantage in extending the use of endocrine treatment for at least seven full years, considering aromatase inhibitors as principal drugs. Second, the shift of CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) from advanced to early setting reported positive outcomes, with favorable results from MonarchE and NATALEE trials, using Abemaciclib and Ribociclib respectively, even if non-negligible toxicities have been reported. Last, the use of PARP inhibitors for BRCA1/2 mutated patients has been evaluated in the OlympiA trial (Olaparib), observing a comparable benefit between hormone-receptors-positive and triple-negative early breast cancer.However, more data are still required to better select patients that could benefit more from CDK4/6i considering side effects too, and sequential treatments are still not codified.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"162-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of cancer treatment-induced bone loss in patients with breast and hormone sensitive prostate cancer: AIOM survey.","authors":"Anna Amela Valsecchi, Vittorio Fusco, Massimo Di Maio, Daniele Santini, Marcello Tucci, Ugo De Giorgi, Rossana Dionisio, Francesca Vignani, Saverio Cinieri","doi":"10.1177/03008916241236279","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916241236279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cancer treatment-induced bone loss is a side effect of hormonal therapy that can severely affect patients' quality of life. The aim of this survey was to obtain an updated picture of management of bone health in patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant hormonal therapy and in patients with hormone sensitive prostate cancer according to Italian oncologists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our survey was made up of 21 multiple-choice questions: the first part dealt with the respondents' characteristics, while the second with management of bone health in the described setting. An invitation to complete the survey was sent by e-mail to 2336 oncologists, members of Italian Association of Medical Oncology, in October 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 121 (5.2%) Italian oncologists completed the survey. In most cases (57%) the oncologist personally took charge of the management of bone health in patients at risk for cancer treatment-induced bone loss. At the beginning of hormonal therapy, most respondents reported to require bone health diagnostic exams, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (89%), repeated with different timing. Main reported reasons (not mutually exclusive) for prescribing antiresorptive drugs were modifying fracture risk (87%), densitometry values (75%) or prognosis (34%). Answers about the management of antiresorptive therapy were heterogeneous.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A heterogeneous approach on the management of cancer treatment-induced bone loss in Italy arises from this survey. This scenario highlights the need for a major consensus of the Italian scientific community on the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of cancer treatment-induced bone loss and for a greater awareness of this topic among Italian oncologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"174-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140094659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"I was only sixteen.","authors":"Andrea Ferrari, Matteo Silva, Alice Patriccioli, Stefano Signoroni, Maura Massimino","doi":"10.1177/03008916231214220","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916231214220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This short piece describes a new project developed by the adolescent patients with cancer involved in the Youth Project at the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori in Milan, Italy. This is a scheme dedicated to young cancer patients with the dual aim of optimizing medical aspects of their care and promoting a holistic approach to their needs. \"<i>I was only sixteen</i>\" is a ballad, written in English by the patients, that became a song with the help of professional musicians (and among them international star Tony Hadley, former frontman of Spandau Ballet). This song sounds like hymn to life for teenagers with cancer in the world. It emphasizes again the value of giving young patients novel creative ways to express themselves.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"209-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nivolumab in pretreated pleural mesothelioma: Results from an observational real-world study of patients treated within the AIFA 5% Fund.","authors":"Luigi Cerbone, Sara Delfanti, Stefania Crivellari, Antonina Maria De Angelis, Laura Mazzeo, Claudia Proto, Mario Occhipinti, Giuseppe Lo Russo, Chiara Dellepiane, Federica Biello, Irene Alabiso, Francesco Verderame, Roberta Gauna, Irene De Simone, Federica Cuppone, Sandra Petraglia, Giulia Pasello, Giovanni Luca Ceresoli, Marina Chiara Garassino, Valter Torri, Federica Grosso","doi":"10.1177/03008916241229287","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916241229287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pleural mesothelioma is a rare cancer with a dismal prognosis and few therapeutic options, especially in the pretreated setting. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors as single agents yielded interesting results in refractory pleural mesothelioma, achieving a response rate between 10-20%, median progression-free survival of 2-5 months and median overall survival of 7-13 months.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A retrospective, multi-institutional study of pleural mesothelioma patients treated with nivolumab in second and further line was performed. The endpoints of the study are response rate, disease control rate, progression free survival and overall survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-five patients with pleural mesothelioma treated with nivolumab in second and further line were enrolled at seven Italian institutions. The response rate was 8%, disease control rate was 37%, median progression free survival was 5.7 months (95% CI: 2.9-9.0) and median overall survival was 11.1 (95% CI 6.2-19.9) months. A higher neutrophils and neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio at baseline were associated with worse prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nivolumab as a single agent is fairly active in a cohort of unselected pretreated pleural mesothelioma patients. Further investigations on clinical and translational factors are needed to define which patient might benefit most from nivolumab treatment in pleural mesothelioma.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"168-173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A five-year review of chemoradiotherapy practice in anal cancer: Radiotherapy audit results from a cancer centre in Wales, UK.","authors":"Mutahar A Tunio, Nicki Davies, Elliot Caparros, Janis Davies, Stuart Foyle","doi":"10.1177/03008916241241424","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916241241424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To review a five-year clinical practice of radical chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for anal cancers at a cancer centre in Wales.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective audit examined the quality of radical CRT for anal cancers treated between November 2016 and November 2021 by investigating seven critical indicators set by Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and ACT II trials, (1) 95% completion of computed tomography simulation within 14 days of consent, (2) 100% CRT delivery within 28 days of computed tomography simulation, (3) 100% CRT delivery within 28 days of consent, (4) overall treatment time of RT 38 days with > 2 days breaks <5%, (5) 75% completion of concurrent chemotherapy, (6) <2% CRT related colostomies, and (7) <2% the 30-days mortality rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 80 anal cancers received CRT over five years. Around 95.0% underwent computed tomography simulation within 14 days of consent. The observed slight deviation was related to the Covid pandemic in 2020. About 96.3% started CRT within 28 days of computed tomography simulation. The mean duration of CRT was 37.9 days. Radiotherapy (RT) interruptions > 2 days were about 5%, and 67.5% started CRT within 28 days of consent. About 92.5% and 76.2% completed mitomycin and capecitabine without breaks, respectively. The colostomy rate was 1.2%, and the 30-day mortality was 1.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Audit results matched with the standards in six domains. Overall treatment time of 37.9 days, colostomy rates of 1.2%, and the 30-day mortality rate of 1.2% were commendable. Overall time interval between consent and CRT delivery can be achieved by time-constrained measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"186-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140327205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}