Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines最新文献

{"title":"Procalcitonin levels in children affected by severe malaria compared to those with uncomplicated malaria in the absence of bacterial infection: a cross-sectional study","authors":"J. Katte, Kiya Penanje, B. Agoons, E. Djahmeni, Sharon Mbacham-Ngwafor, V. Moor, P. Koki, W. Mbacham","doi":"10.1186/s40794-022-00163-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-022-00163-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23303,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44261327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with survival of Iranian patients with COVID-19: comparison of Cox regression and mixture cure model","authors":"M. Seif, M. Sharafi, H. Ghaem, Farzaneh Kasraei","doi":"10.1186/s40794-022-00162-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-022-00162-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23303,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43735361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary bladder Schistosoma haematobium-related squamous cell carcinoma: a report of two fatal cases and literature review.","authors":"Boubacar Efared,&nbsp;Aïchatou Balaraba Abani Bako,&nbsp;Boubacar Idrissa,&nbsp;Daouda Alhousseini,&nbsp;Habiba Salifou Boureima,&nbsp;Haboubacar Chaibou Sodé,&nbsp;Hassan Nouhou","doi":"10.1186/s40794-022-00161-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-022-00161-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schistosomiasis is still a public health issue in certain areas of developing countries (especially in sub-saharan Africa). Schistosoma haematobium is a proven carcinogenic agent that causes mainly bladder squamous cell carcinoma. This type of cancer has characteristic epidemiological, clinical and histopathological features with poor prognosis as compared to other urinary bladder cancers not associated with this parasite.</p><p><strong>Cases presentation: </strong>We report two fatal cases of advanced-stage bladder squamous cell carcinoma associated with Schistosoma haematobium in a sub-saharan developing African country (Niger), illustrating the devastating complications of this tropical neglected disease. The two cases were a 38-year-old woman and a 37-year-old male. They presented with chronic pelvic pain and hematuria. The clinical and radiological work-up revealed invasive urivary bladder tumor extended to the pelvis, that was histopathologically proven to be an invasive squamous cell carcinoma associated with Schistosoma haematobium. The two patients died shortly after the diagnosis before chemotherapy prescription.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Schistosoma-associated bladder squamous cell carcinoma has characteristic features with dismal prognosis. Eradication of this parasite remains the only efficient way to prevent the devastating consequences of this particular cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23303,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8845255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39620736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the CoronaVac® vaccine in a region of the Colombian Amazon, was herd immunity achieved?","authors":"Héctor Serrano-Coll,&nbsp;Hollman Miller,&nbsp;Camilo Guzmán,&nbsp;Ricardo Rivero,&nbsp;Bertha Gastelbondo,&nbsp;Jorge Miranda,&nbsp;Ketty Galeano,&nbsp;Jhon Montaña-Restrepo,&nbsp;Salim Mattar","doi":"10.1186/s40794-021-00159-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-021-00159-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Currently, more than 4.5 billion doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been applied worldwide. However, some developing countries are still a long way from achieving herd immunity through vaccination. In some territories, such as the Colombian Amazon, mass immunization strategies have been implemented with the CoronaVac® vaccine. Due to its proximity to Brazil, where one of the variants of interest of SARS-CoV-2 circulates.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effectiveness of the CoronaVac® vaccine in a population of the Colombian Amazon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between February 24, 2021, and August 10, 2021, a descriptive observational study was carried out in which a population of individuals over 18 years of age immunized with two doses of the CoronaVac® vaccine was evaluated. The study site was in the municipality of Mitú, Vaupés, in southeastern Colombia, a region located in the Amazon bordering Brazil.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>99% of the urban population of the Mitú municipality were vaccinated with CoronaVac®. To date, 5.7% of vaccinated individuals have become ill, and only 0.1% of these require hospitalization. One death was attributable to COVID-19 has been reported among vaccinated individuals, and the vaccine has shown 94.3% effectiveness against mild disease and 99.9% against severe infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The herd immunity achieved through mass vaccination in this population has made it possible to reduce the rate of complicated cases and mortality from COVID-19 in this region of the Colombian Amazon.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>CoronaVac® has shown 94.3% effectiveness against mild disease and 99.9% against severe infection in this indigenous population. CoronaVac® reduces the mortality rate from 2.2% in 2020 to 0.22% in 2021. The herd immunity was achieved through mass vaccination in this region of the Colombian Amazon.</p>","PeriodicalId":23303,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8760104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39822305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-related research publications on religious mass gatherings of Muslims: a bibliometric analysis (1980-2020).","authors":"Waleed M Sweileh","doi":"10.1186/s40794-021-00158-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-021-00158-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Mass gatherings medicine is an emerging and important field at the national and international health security levels. The objective of the current study was to analyze research publications on religious mass gatherings of Muslims using bibliometric tools.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Keywords related to religious mass gatherings of Muslims were used in Scopus database. The duration of the study was from January 01, 1980 to December 31, 2020. Examples of keywords used include hajj, Umrah, mass gatherings/Mecca or Makkah, mass gatherings/Karbala, pilgrim/Makkah or Mecca, and others. Bibliometric indicators and mapping were presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 509 documents were retrieved. The average number of citations per article was 16.7 per document. Analysis of the retrieved documents indicated that (1) more than 90% of the retrieved documents were about the mass gatherings in Mecca/Makkah; (2) two-thirds of the retrieved documents were research articles; (3) a take-off phase in the number of publications was observed after 2008; (4) the retrieved documents were disseminated in a wide range of journals but specifically the ones in the fields of infectious diseases, public health, and travel medicine; (5) the retrieved documents were mainly published by scholars from Saudi Arabia with collaborative research ties with scholars in the US, France, the UK, and Australia; (6) Saudi Arabia contributed to more than half of the retrieved documents; and (7) four research themes were found: knowledge, attitude, and practices of pilgrims to Mecca/Makkah, vaccination, etiology of hospital admission among pilgrims, and epidemiology of various types of infectious diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Research on mass gatherings, specifically the Hajj, is emerging. Researchers from the Saudi Arabia dominated the field. Research collaboration between scholars in Saudi Arabia and scholars in low- and middle-income countries is needed and must be encouraged since these countries have weaker health systems to screen, monitor, and control the spread of infectious diseases because of the Hajj season.</p>","PeriodicalId":23303,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8723799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39782169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli toxins and colonization factors in children under five years with acute diarrhea attending Kisii Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya.","authors":"Erick Kipkirui,&nbsp;Margaret Koech,&nbsp;Abigael Ombogo,&nbsp;Ronald Kirera,&nbsp;Janet Ndonye,&nbsp;Nancy Kipkemoi,&nbsp;Mary Kirui,&nbsp;Cliff Philip,&nbsp;Amanda Roth,&nbsp;Alexander Flynn,&nbsp;Elizabeth Odundo,&nbsp;Janeth Kombich,&nbsp;Ibrahim Daud","doi":"10.1186/s40794-021-00157-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-021-00157-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the leading causes of infectious diarrhea in children. There are no licensed vaccines against ETEC. This study aimed at characterizing Escherichia coli for ETEC enterotoxins and colonization factors from children < 5 years with acute diarrhea and had not taken antibiotics prior to seeking medical attention at the hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 225 randomly selected archived E. coli strains originally isolated from 225 children with acute diarrhea were cultured. DNA was extracted and screened by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for three ETEC toxins. All positives were then screened for 11 colonization factors by PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 225 E. coli strains tested, 23 (10.2%) were ETEC. Heat-stable toxin (ST) gene was detected in 16 (69.6%). ETEC isolates with heat-stable toxin of human origin (STh) and heat-stable toxin of porcine origin (STp) distributed as 11 (68.8%) and 5 (31.2%) respectively. Heat-labile toxin gene (LT) was detected in 5 (21.7%) of the ETEC isolates. Both ST and LT toxin genes were detected in 2 (8.7%) of the ETEC isolates. CF genes were detected in 14 (60.9%) ETEC strains with a majority having CS6 6 (42.9%) gene followed by a combination of CFA/I + CS21 gene detected in 3 (21.4%). CS14, CS3, CS7 and a combination of CS5 + CS6, CS2 + CS3 genes were detected equally in 1 (7.1%) ETEC isolate each. CFA/I, CS4, CS5, CS2, CS17/19, CS1/PCFO71 and CS21 genes tested were not detected. We did not detect CF genes in 9 (39.1%) ETEC isolates. More CFs were associated with ETEC strains with ST genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ETEC strains with ST genes were the most common and had the most associated CFs. A majority of ETEC strains had CS6 gene. In 9 (39.1%) of the evaluated ETEC isolates, we did not detect an identifiable CF.</p>","PeriodicalId":23303,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8670869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39725770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practices toward COVID-19 among the international travelers in Thailand.","authors":"Suttiporn Prapaso,&nbsp;Viravarn Luvira,&nbsp;Saranath Lawpoolsri,&nbsp;Archin Songthap,&nbsp;Watcharapong Piyaphanee,&nbsp;Wiwat Chancharoenthana,&nbsp;Sant Muangnoicharoen,&nbsp;Punnee Pitisuttithum,&nbsp;Pornthep Chanthavanich","doi":"10.1186/s40794-021-00155-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-021-00155-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>International travel is among the leading impactful factors of COVID-19 transmission; thus, adequate knowledge, good attitude and good preventive practices toward COVID-19 for international travelers are particularly essential for successful pandemic control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted to determine knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of international travelers (both Thai and non-Thai) and expatriates in Thailand. The data were collected at the Thai Travel Clinic, Bangkok, Thailand and via online platforms during May to October 2020. The independent T-test, Chi-square test and multiple regression analysis (MRA) were applied to determine factors influencing the KAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 399 travelers, 46.6% were male, 72.1% had a Bachelor's degree or higher, and the mean age was 35.6 ± 9.6 years. Due to unexpected travel restrictions and lock down, 77.9% of participants were Thai and the respective major purpose of travel was business/work. Travel cancellation/postponement was reported at 73.9%. While sufficient knowledge (≥ 60% correct answers) was reported in 77.9% of participants, a low percentage of correct answers was found in the questions regarding disease transmission. The travelers reported a neutral attitude and an overall moderate concern regarding the COVID-19 situation. Adequate preventive practices were determined by the average practice score 3.54 ± 0.38 (0 = never and 4 = always). The MRA revealed that the factors influencing good practices were travelers who: i) enrolled from outside the hospital (online platform); ii) received pretravel advice at hospital; iii) were female; iv) participated before the declaration of the end of the outbreak; v) were aged 40-49 years, and vi) visited friends and relatives.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The majority of travelers in this study had sufficient knowledge, a neutral attitude and adequate preventive practices toward COVID-19. The factors influencing good practices included pretravel advice, sex, age and the point in the timeline of the outbreak. In order to better control the COVID-19 pandemic situation, pretravel counselling and advice should be promoted as a means to improve knowledge, particularly in disease transmission, increase awareness and emphasize appropriate preventive measures toward COVID-19 among international travelers. Furthermore, preventive practices should be bolstered at all times regardless of the outbreak situation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23303,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8590880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39622667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leptospirosis infections among hospital patients, Sarawak, Malaysia.","authors":"King-Ching Hii,&nbsp;Emily R Robie,&nbsp;Izreena Saihidi,&nbsp;Antoinette Berita,&nbsp;Natalie A Alarja,&nbsp;Leshan Xiu,&nbsp;James A Merchant,&nbsp;Raquel A Binder,&nbsp;Johnny Keh-Tun Goh,&nbsp;Vanina Guernier-Cambert,&nbsp;Diego Galán,&nbsp;Michael J Gregory,&nbsp;Gregory C Gray","doi":"10.1186/s40794-021-00154-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-021-00154-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leptospirosis diagnoses have increased in Sarawak, Malaysia in recent years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To better understand the burden of disease and associated risk factors, we evaluated 147 patients presenting with clinical leptospirosis to local hospitals in Sarawak, Malaysia for the presence of Leptospira and associated antibodies. Sera and urine specimens collected during the acute illness phase were assessed via a commercially available rapid diagnostic test (Leptorapide, Linnodee Ltd., Antrim, Northern Ireland), an ELISA IgM assay (Leptospira IgM ELISA, PanBio, Queensland, Australia) and a pan-Leptospira real-time PCR (qPCR) assay to estimate disease prevalence and diagnostic accuracy of each method. Microagglutination testing was performed on a subset of samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 45 out of 147 patients (30.6%) showed evidence of leptospires through qPCR in either one or both sera (20 patients) or urine (33 patients), and an additional ten (6.8%) were considered positive through serological testing, for an overall prevalence of 37.4% within the study population. However, each diagnostic method individually yielded disparate prevalence estimates: rapid test 42.2% for sera and 30.5% for urine, ELISA 15.0% for sera, qPCR 13.8% for sera and 23.4% for urine. Molecular characterization of a subset of positive samples by conventional PCR identified the bacterial species as Leptospira interrogans in 4 specimens. A multivariate risk factor analysis for the outcome of leptospirosis identified having completed primary school (OR = 2.5; 95 CI% 1.0-6.4) and weekly clothes-washing in local rivers (OR = 10.6; 95 CI% 1.4-214.8) with increased likelihood of leptospirosis when compared with those who had not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, the data suggest a relatively high prevalence of leptospirosis in the study population. The low sensitivities of the rapid diagnostic test and ELISA assay against qPCR highlight a need for better screening tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":23303,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8559352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39830213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis in Kenya: improving advocacy, communication and social mobilization activities for mass drug administration, a qualitative study","authors":"L. Kibe, B. Kimani, C. Okoyo, W. Omondi, H. Sultani, D. Njomo","doi":"10.1186/s40794-022-00172-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-022-00172-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23303,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42176253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and characteristics of Listeria species from selected African countries.","authors":"Osman Adamu Dufailu,&nbsp;Muneer Oladipupo Yaqub,&nbsp;James Owusu-Kwarteng,&nbsp;Francis Addy","doi":"10.1186/s40794-021-00151-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-021-00151-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Listeriosis, caused by Listeria spp., presents varying clinical manifestations among individuals, from moderate fecal infections such as diarrhea to severe infections such as septicemia, meningitis and abortion or newborn listeriosis in perinatal patients. In Africa, listeriosis is attributed to poor sanitation and cross-contamination in food processing environments, particularly ready to eat (RTE) foods including dairy products, leafy vegetables, fish and meat. Despite the global increase in reported cases and research on listeriosis, data from Africa remains scarce and this could lead to possible underestimation of the importance of listeriosis on the continent. This paper therefore presents a comprehensive overview of currently available reports on Listeria spp. in Africa with emphasis on molecular characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility, and prevalence in food, animal and environmental samples. The majority of studies on Listeria spp. in Africa have so far focused on the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of L. monocytogenes isolated from RTE foods and raw meat but rarely from humans, animals, and the environment. The overall calculated average prevalence values from the available reports are 23.7 and 22.2% for Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes, respectively. Listeria spp. isolated from different parts of Africa are generally sensitive to ciprofloxacin, but resistant to penicillin. The majority of these studies employed conventional culture and biochemical tests to characterize Listeria spp. However, the use of modern molecular techniques such as PCR and whole-genome sequencing is on the rise. Most of the studies employing molecular tools were carried out in South Africa and Nigeria, with the predominant strain reported in South Africa being ST6. In order to provide a better understanding of the importance of listeria in Africa, there is the need for extensive and coordinated studies using modern molecular-based techniques to characterize the various Listeria species, and to assess the disease epidemiology using the one health concept.</p>","PeriodicalId":23303,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8442394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39415926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}