Translational lung cancer research最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of the xeno-GVHD response generated by advanced lung cancer patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells in NSG-SGM3 mice.","authors":"Vered Fuchs, Laila Roisman, Maha Msamra, Yael Refaely, Aharon Yehonatan Cohen, Angel Porgador, Nir Peled, Ariel Sobarzo","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-787","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) humanized mouse models are essential for researching non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatments. However, these models are prone to xeno-graft versus host disease (xeno-GVHD), hampering their utility and requiring further investigation. This study examined xeno-GVHD responses from PBMCs of advanced-stage NSCLC patients compared to healthy donors (HDs) in a humanized peripheral blood lymphocyte (hu-PBL) model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PBMCs from NSCLC patients and HDs were injected into immunocompromised NSG-SGM3 mice and monitored for eight weeks. xeno-GVHD progression was assessed through clinical examinations and flow cytometry of human T-cell levels in various tissues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mice injected with PBMCs from HDs showed xeno-GVHD signs as early as 28 days post-injection, whereas those from NSCLC patients exhibited minimal signs, with only one model showing delayed responses by day 42. Clinical symptoms in mice included weight loss, anemia, low platelet counts, fur changes, and behavioral modifications. Flow cytometry of human PBMCs in mice indicated dominant CD8⁺ effector memory T cells in peripheral blood. In contrast, CD4⁺ effector memory T cells were predominant in the organs, with overall T cell levels lower in NSCLC models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates significant differences in xeno-GVHD progression between advance-stage NSCLC patients and HDs, likely influenced by the patient's treatment histories. These findings improve our understanding of hu-PBL models for NSCLC research and may inform future treatment studies and strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 4","pages":"1301-1319"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical implication of tumor spread through air spaces in stage IA lung adenocarcinoma: prognostic impact and association with the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) grade.","authors":"Jinghan Shi, Kuan Xu, Xufeng Liu, Martin P Barr, Jeffrey B Velotta, Ninh M La-Beck, Chenxi Zhong, Feng Yao","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-253","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) and a new histological grading system proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) have been studied for risk stratification and prognostic assessment in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). This study aimed to clarify the association between STAS and IASLC grade and to assess the prognostic significance of STAS in patients with pathological stage (p-stage) IA LUAD as stratified by the IASLC grading system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 789 patients with resected p-stage IA LUAD treated between 2018 and 2020. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between STAS and clinicopathological characteristics. A Cox proportion hazards model was used to assess the risk factors related to recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>STAS was present in 242 patients (30.7%). The independent factors associated with the presence of STAS were nodule type [odds ratio (OR) =3.89; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.69-5.62; P<0.001], IASLC grade (grade 2: OR =12.41, 95% CI: 3.83-40.23; P<0.001; grade 3: OR =27.35, 95% CI: 8.24-90.82, P<0.001), and lymphovascular invasion (OR =3.30; 95% CI: 1.72-6.35; P<0.001). For all patients (N=789), STAS and IASLC grade were independent prognostic factors for RFS and OS. For grade 2 LUAD, p-stage T1c was an independent prognostic factor for RFS [hazard ratio (HR) =4.30, 95% CI: 1.07-19.08; P=0.045] and OS (HR =4.95, 95% CI: 1.14-21.54; P=0.03). STAS was significantly correlated with unfavorable RFS (HR =2.81; 95% CI: 1.32-5.97; P=0.007) and OS (HR =2.04, 95% CI: 1.40-7.75; P=0.006) in patients with grade 3 tumors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The presence of STAS was not only directly correlated with the IASLC grading system, but was also a prognostic factor for worse RFS and OS in grade 3 LUAD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 4","pages":"1384-1394"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomal miR-182-5p is a potential diagnostic marker for malignant pleural effusion.","authors":"Wen Zhao, Jian-Xun Wen, Yan Niu, Li Yan, Mei-Ying Wang, Wei Jiao, Ya-Fei Wang, Wen-Hui Gao, Dan-Ni Yang, Wen-Qi Zheng, Zhi-De Hu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-1205","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-1205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biomarkers in pleural fluid are the potential auxiliary diagnostic markers for malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) represent novel diagnostic markers for various diseases. The diagnostic performance of exosomal miRNAs for MPE remains unclear. Therefore, we examined the exosomal miRNAs profiles of both MPE and benign pleural effusion (BPE), aiming to study diagnostic performance of exosomal miRNAs for MPE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to analyze the pleural fluid exosomal miRNA profile in five MPE and 15 BPE cases. We analyzed the differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), with cel-miR-39 or snRNA U6 as internal references. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of exosomal miRNA for MPE with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. We also analyzed whether exosomal miRNA could improve the diagnostic performance of pleural carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight miRNAs were up-regulated, and 35 miRNAs were down-regulated in MPE. We selected exosomal miR-182-5p for further study and analyzed miR-182-5p in 153 patients with undiagnosed pleural effusion. Exosomal miR-182-5p was undetectable in 32 participants. In the remaining participants with 49 MPE and 72 BPE cases, we found that the areas under the curve (AUCs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for exosomal miR-182-5p were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.69-0.86) when using cel-miR-39 as an internal reference, and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.73-0.88) when using snRNA U6. The combination of exosomal miR-182-5p and CEA can slightly improve the diagnostic accuracy of MPE, with an AUC of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85-0.97).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pleural miR-182-5p can assist in the diagnosis of MPE. Its diagnostic performance is slightly affected by internal reference.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 4","pages":"1138-1148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic tumor volume on ¹⁸F-FDG uptake as a negative predictor after ipilimumab plus nivolumab in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Kosuke Hashimoto, Kyoichi Kaira, Atsuto Mouri, Ayako Shiono, Yu Miura, Ou Yamaguchi, Hisao Imai, Hiroshi Kagamu, Ichiei Kuji","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-1084","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-1084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nivolumab plus ipilimumab (Nivo-Ipi) is a standard treatments for metastatic or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unlike programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor monotherapy, the possible predictors of Nivo-Ipi treatment effectiveness remain unclear. Therefore, this retrospective study evaluated the prognostic relevance of 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET) after Nivo-Ipi treatment in patients with advanced NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among 130 eligible patients with metastatic or recurrent NSCLC who received Nivo-Ipi as initial treatment and underwent ¹⁸F-FDG PET prior to the initial treatment, the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_max), SUV_peak, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) on ¹⁸F-FDG uptake were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High MTV and TLG on ¹⁸F-FDG uptake were significantly associated with poor performance status (PS), no response, high neutrophil-to-leukocyte ratio (NLR), low albumin levels, and high C-reactive protein (CRP) level, while SUV_max and SUV_peak showed no significant associations. Univariate analysis of all patients identified PS, bone metastases, NLR, MTV, and TLG as significant predictors of prognosis. By multivariate analysis, NLR and MTV were identified as independent predictors of prognosis. Sub-analysis based on histology and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression identified MTV as an independent prognostic predictor for Nivo-Ipi treatment in patients with histological findings of adenocarcinoma (AC) and PD-L1 <1%. A high MTV with poor outcome was closely associated with a poor PS, lymph node metastases, bone metastases, high NLR, low albumin levels, and high CRP level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MTV determined based on ¹⁸F-FDG uptake was a negative prognostic factor after Nivo-Ipi treatment, particularly in patients with histological findings of AC or PD-L1 <1%.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 4","pages":"1242-1253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using human genetics to understand the epidemiological association between neuroticism and lung cancer.","authors":"Dongsheng Wu, Yongcheng Liu, Shuqiao Liu, Xiaohu Hao, Xin Li, Quan Zheng, Tengyong Wang, Yuchen Huang, Shiyou Wei, Jian Zhou, Lunxu Liu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-950","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuroticism, a personality trait characterized by emotional instability, has been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer (LC). However, the genetic underpinnings of this association remain poorly understood. This study aimed to comprehensively dissect the genetic link underlying neuroticism and LC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to investigate the intricate genetic relationship between neuroticism and LC, along with specific histological subtypes: lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), and small-cell LC (SCLC). Our analytical framework encompassed global and local genetic correlation, cross-trait meta-analysis, transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS), and bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Notable genetic correlations were found between neuroticism and overall LC (r_g=0.15, P=2.24×10^-5), with stronger associations observed for LUSC (r_g=0.21, P=3.39×10^-6) and SCLC (r_g=0.16, P=2.50×10^-3). Partitioning the genome revealed additional genetic correlations in specific local genomic regions (including chr6q27 and chr6q16.2-q16.3) and functional categories (such as H3K27ac and H3K9ac). The cross-trait meta-analysis revealed 24 genetic loci that influenced both traits, including four novel ones. Looking into the gene-tissue level, TWAS identified 35 genes associated with both neuroticism and LC across multiple tissues, particularly in the nervous, respiratory, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems. MR analysis indicated a potential causal effect of neuroticism on overall LC [odds ratio (OR) =1.48, P=5.53×10^-4] and LUSC (OR =1.52, P=8.00×10^-3), but not on LUAD or SCLC. No reverse causality was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reveals a genetic link between neuroticism and LC, offering new insights into LC risk assessment and potential prevention strategies for individuals with high neuroticism levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 4","pages":"1104-1117"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive management of MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor-induced peripheral edema in patients with <i>MET</i>-altered non-small-cell lung cancer: a narrative review.","authors":"Jia-Xin Lin, Hao Sun, Ying-Long Peng, Zhi Xie, Si-Yang Maggie Liu, Yi-Long Wu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-866","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) proto-oncogene plays an important role in the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have shown promising antitumor activity in patients with NSCLC harboring MET alterations. Peripheral edema (PE), the most common adverse event of MET TKIs, has received increasing attention from clinicians. The aim of this review is to describe the incidence, potential molecular mechanisms, diagnosis, and management of MET TKI-induced PE, to increase the recognition and standardize the management of PE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Wanfang Med Online, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the oncology conferences websites for related studies published between 2000 and 2023. Of the 491 titles screened, we identified 80 research articles fitting the inclusion criteria and a comprehensive literature review was conducted. The review incorporated patient conditions, comprehensive examinations, and clinical experiences to propose a standardized management framework.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>The review focused on the incidence of MET TKI-induced PE, its potential molecular mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, and management strategies. The etiology of edema is complex in cancer patients; however, it may involve treatment-related increases in vascular permeability, impacts on renal function, and hypoalbuminemia. Based on the literature review, a diagnostic and comprehensive management approach for MET TKI-induced PE is proposed, which includes prevention strategies, non-pharmacological treatments, pharmacological interventions, and dosage adjustments related to MET TKIs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this review, we propose a diagnostic and comprehensive management approach for MET TKI-induced PE. By standardizing management, clinicians can enhance patient care for those treated with MET TKIs, facilitating earlier detection of PE, reducing patient suffering, and improving treatment adherence and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 4","pages":"1482-1495"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of finotonlimab plus docetaxel <i>vs.</i> docetaxel in previously treated advanced squamous cell non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomized, double-blinded, phase III trial.","authors":"Baohui Han, Lin Wu, Runxiang Yang, Hongbo Wu, Wei Li, Yan Yu, Mingjuan Zhang, Hongmei Sun, Tianqing Chu, Fukuan Zhong, Yong Fang, Rong Wu, Tao Bian, Xiaoqing Guo, Meili Sun, Yanming Zhang, Lianke Liu, Xuewen Liu, Yueyin Pan, Ou Jiang, Zonghui Wei, Haifeng Lin, Wei Guo, Jian Fang, Jialei Wang, Cuimin Ding, Yanping Hu, Feng Ye, Wu Zhuang, Shucheng Ye, Lihong Wang, Zhe Huang, Chang Liu, Ling Yang, Jinling Wang, Liangzhi Xie","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-1042","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-1042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes about 80-85%. In this phase III trial, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody (SCT-I10A) plus docetaxel compared to docetaxel in patients with previously treated advanced squamous cell NSCLC (sqNSCLC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were randomized 2:1 to finotonlimab plus docetaxel group (finotonlimab plus docetaxel) and docetaxel group (placebo plus docetaxel) for up to 6 cycles, followed by maintenance monotherapy with finotonlimab/placebo. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS) as well as assessments of safety and immunogenicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 188 eligible patients enrolled (finotonlimab plus docetaxel group: n=126; docetaxel group: n=62). Median OS (mOS) was 17.1 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 11.2, 20.0] in the finotonlimab plus docetaxel group and 10.4 months (95% CI: 5.9, 14.0) in the control group. Hazard ratio (HR) was 0.66 (95% CI: 0.45, 0.96; P=0.03). Median PFS (mPFS) was 4.2 months (95% CI: 3.3, 6.9) and 2.9 months (95% CI: 1.5, 3.8) respectively in the finotonlimab plus docetaxel group and control group. Patients in the finotonlimab plus docetaxel group achieved an ORR of 27.0% (95% CI: 19.5%, 35.6%), which was significantly higher than the 3.2% (95% CI: 0.4%, 11.2%) in the control group. The DCR was 68.3% (95% CI: 59.4%, 76.3%) in the finotonlimab plus docetaxel group and 56.5% (95% CI: 43.3%, 69.0%) in the control group. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 91.3% (115/126) patients of finotonlimab plus docetaxel group and 87.1% (54/62) patients of control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SCT-I10A combined with docetaxel significantly prolonged OS and improved clinical outcomes in patients with treated advanced sqNSCLC compared to docetaxel, without increasing safety risk.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT04171284, ClinicalTrials.gov.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 4","pages":"1231-1241"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery does not increase recurrence rates following pneumonectomy in non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study from the National Cancer Center of China.","authors":"Sikai Wu, Xiaowei Chen, Guangyu Bai, Yang Liu, Zhenlin Yang, Shugeng Gao","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-41","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The safety, feasibility, and potential benefits of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (U-VATS) pneumonectomy remain to be investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the postoperative outcomes, survival prognosis, and recurrence patterns in patients undergoing U-VATS versus those undergoing open pneumonectomy. The feasibility of U-VATS pneumonectomy in patients receiving neoadjuvant systemic therapy was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) underwent thoracic surgeries at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CHCAMS) from January 2017 to December 2022. Among these patients, those who underwent U-VATS or open pneumonectomy were included in our study. Propensity score matching (PSM) with a 3:1 ratio was conducted to balance the baseline characteristics between the groups. We compared perioperative outcomes and recurrence patterns between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 457 patients who underwent pneumonectomy were included in our study, with 348 in the open pneumonectomy group and 109 in the U-VATS group. After PSM, 334 patients (231 in the open group and 103 in the U-VATS group) were available for subsequent analyses. Patients who underwent U-VATS pneumonectomy experienced shorter postoperative hospital stays (P<0.001). No significant differences were observed in the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate (P=0.19) or the 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate (P=0.37) between the two groups. Additionally, subgroup analysis of patients receiving neoadjuvant systemic therapy indicated those in the U-VATS group did not exhibit significant differences in recurrence patterns between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with NSCLC undergoing U-VATS pneumonectomy exhibit postoperative outcomes, survival rates, and recurrence patterns that are not inferior to those of patients undergoing open pneumonectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 4","pages":"1274-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A narrative review of preoperative CT for predicting spread through air spaces of lung cancer.","authors":"Qinling Jiang, Xiang Wang, Xin'ang Jiang, Hongbiao Sun, Qi Chen, Yuxin Cheng, Yunmeng Wang, Tianyi Xing, Xin Zhang, Yi Xiao","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-952","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Spread through air space (STAS) is a recognized mechanism of lung cancer invasion and is associated with patient prognosis. However, current diagnostic accuracy of bronchial cytology and intraoperative frozen section for STAS remains insufficient to meet clinical needs. Therefore, accurate and non-invasive preoperative prediction of STAS is critical for clinical decision-making. In this paper, we review and summarize recent studies on the role of computed tomography (CT) in predicting STAS in lung cancer, and discuss the limitations and future directions of related research in this field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant studies were identified through searches on the Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE. We included English-language articles published between July 2017 and June 2024, focusing on research related to STAS and CT.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>This review aimed to assess the viability of preoperative CT imaging for predicting STAS. Current studies suggest that traditional imaging signs enable the assessment of STAS, and with the development of artificial intelligence, the efficacy of STAS prediction models has been greatly enhanced by radiomics and deep learning methods. However, risk stratification studies remain limited and require further refinement through more comprehensive pathological definitions of STAS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preoperative CT imaging images demonstrated good predictive efficacy of STAS. However, further progress requires a more comprehensive definition of STAS and validation through large-sample, prospective, and multi-center studies to enhance its clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 4","pages":"1471-1481"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracheobronchial resection and reconstruction: to wrap or not to wrap the anastomosis?","authors":"Chudong Wang, Zihao Liu, Rui Wang, Biao Hu, Binbin Xiang, Zijian Li, Jianxing He, Shuben Li","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-868","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Two opinions in tracheobronchial resection and reconstruction regarding the management of airway anastomosis remain controversial: whether to wrap the anastomosis with surrounding tissue or leave the anastomosis without additional embedding. This study aims to explore the relationship between the choice of anastomotic wrapping and anastomotic complications in tracheobronchial surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent tracheobronchial surgery between January 2019 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 95 patients were enrolled, and their age and comorbidities were quantified using the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index. Based on the length of resection and neoadjuvant therapy, the cases were categorized into the complex surgery group and the standard surgery group. Each group was further divided into wrapped and non-wrapped subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The complex surgery group included 42 patients (wrapped subgroup: 32, non-wrapped subgroup: 10), and the standard surgery group comprised 53 patients (wrapped subgroup: 32, non-wrapped subgroup: 21). In the complex surgery group, the wrapped subgroup exhibited a significantly lower short-term postoperative anastomotic complication rate compared to the non-wrapped subgroup (P=0.004). This included lower rates of anastomotic mild necrosis or stenosis (18.8% <i>vs.</i> 20.0%) and anastomotic rupture or fistula (0% <i>vs.</i> 40.0%), as well as a lower 30-day mortality rate (0% <i>vs.</i> 30%, P=0.01). No statistically significant differences were observed in the standard surgery group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The wrapping procedure demonstrated a relatively positive effect in minimizing the risk of short-term anastomotic complications in complex tracheobronchial surgery without impacting long-term anastomotic complications. However, it did not play a significant role in standard tracheobronchial surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 4","pages":"1266-1273"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}