Translational lung cancer research最新文献

{"title":"Successful long-term outcome of neoadjuvant sequential targeted therapy and chemotherapy for stage III non-small cell lung carcinoma: 10 case series.","authors":"Masaya Aoki, Ryo Miyata, Go Kamimura, Shoichiro Morizono, Takuya Tokunaga, Aya Harada-Takeda, Koki Maeda, Toshiyuki Nagata, Kazuhiro Ueda","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-545","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Perioperative treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is attracting attention. The effect of neoadjuvant tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy on postoperative long-term outcomes in patients with driver gene mutations remains unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the long-term survival outcomes of patients with stage III NSCLC harboring driver gene mutations who received preoperative TKI therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January 2016 and December 2018, 10 patients with clinical stage III NSCLC with driver gene mutations were treated with TKIs [epidermal growth factor receptor (<i>EGFR</i>) mutation, n=9; anaplastic lymphoma kinase (<i>ALK</i>) fusion, n=1]. One patient refused surgery. The remaining nine patients received sequential chemotherapy followed by surgery. Postoperatively, six patients received adjuvant chemotherapy, and TKIs were readministered in four patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main adverse events of TKIs were grade 3 liver damage and grade 3 skin rash, which required a change in the drug from gefitinib to afatinib and dose reduction, respectively. In all 10 patients, the radiological response to TKIs was greater than the partial response, and nine patients underwent radical surgery. Although viable cancer cells remained in all patients with <i>EGFR</i> mutations, a pathological complete response was obtained in the patient with <i>ALK</i> fusion. No mortality or major morbidity was observed perioperatively. Of the patients who underwent surgery, 3 were alive without recurrence, while 6 had distant metastasis, including 5 with brain metastasis. Seven of the nine patients who underwent surgery were still alive after a median follow-up period of 77.2 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Successful long-term outcomes were achieved after sequential targeted therapy and chemotherapy, followed by surgery for stage III NSCLC. However, it is noteworthy that postoperative treatment may have also contributed to minimizing postoperative recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"13 12","pages":"3278-3288"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A non-interventional biomarker study in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung treated with nintedanib plus docetaxel following progression on chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy: LUME-BioNIS.","authors":"Martin Reck, Konstantinos Syrigos, Skaidrius Miliauskas, Susan C Van't Westeinde, Bartomeu Massuti, Hannes Buchner, Alexey V Salnikov, Robert M Lorence, Anne-Marit Ellingboe, Thomas Kitzing, Keith Kerr","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tlcr-24-326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anti-angiogenic agents, such as nintedanib and ramucirumab, when combined with docetaxel, are subsequent treatment options in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have failed on first-line chemotherapy or immunochemotherapy. However, to date, there are no validated predictive biomarkers for efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapies in this setting. The aim of this study was to explore whether genetic or genomic markers, alone or combined with clinical covariates, could be used to predict overall survival (OS) in patients with NSCLC who are eligible for treatment with nintedanib plus docetaxel.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LUME-BioNIS (NCT02671422) was a prospective, non-interventional study that assessed the efficacy and safety of nintedanib plus docetaxel in patients with relapsed/refractory NSCLC. The primary outcome was OS in relation to exploratory molecular biomarkers, alone or in combination with clinical covariates. Exploratory multivariate and univariate analyses were undertaken on putative biomarkers including clinical variables, somatic mutations, gene expression, immunological, and proliferation markers. Sub-analyses in patients with prior immunotherapy were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 260 enrolled patients, most patients received nintedanib plus docetaxel in the second-line (68.8%) or third-line (25.8%). After a median follow-up of 19.7 months, median OS was 8.1 months (95% confidence interval: 7.1-9.5). Univariate subgroup analysis indicated that the presence of liver/adrenal metastases, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) ≥1, time since start of first-line therapy (<9 months), and response to first-line therapy had potential prognostic significance for OS. In multivariate analysis, the presence of brain/liver metastases and the presence of >2 metastatic sites at baseline were associated with OS. In univariate analyses in patients with prior immunotherapy, RNA expression levels of genes involved in cell proliferation, DNA damage repair, interferon signaling, and abundance of neutrophils had potential prognostic significance for OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nintedanib plus docetaxel had promising activity and manageable safety in a real-world clinical setting. No new predictive biomarkers were identified to help select patients who may particularly benefit from anti-angiogenic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"13 12","pages":"3364-3381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term high fat diet aggravates the risk of lung fibrosis and lung cancer: transcriptomic analysis in the lung tissues of obese mice.","authors":"Jihyun Park, Danbi Jo, Seo Yoon Choi, Sumin Oh, Yoon Seok Jung, Oh Yoen Kim, Juhyun Song","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tlcr-24-659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies reported significant relationships between obesity and pulmonary dysfunction. Here, we investigated genetic alterations in the lung tissues of high fat diet (HFD) induced obese mouse through transcriptomic and molecular analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a normal chow diet (NCD) or HFD for 12 weeks. We performed RNA sequencing, functional analysis of altered genes using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway data, Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) analysis, protein network analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We performed RNA sequencing analysis in the lung tissue of HFD mice. GO and KEGG pathway data presented higher expressions of genes related to lung fibrosis, and the changes of several pathways including regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process, G protein-coupled receptor signaling, cancer pathway, and small cell lung cancer pathway. DAVID analysis and protein network analysis showed the changes of vascular endothelial growth factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and rat sarcoma virus signaling related to vascular permeability, and protein network of MYC proto-oncogene gene related to cancer. In addition, we found increased protein and mRNA levels of the growth/differentiation factor 15 and alpha smooth muscle actin genes related to lung fibrosis in lung tissue of HFD mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HFD contributes to an increased risk of lung fibrosis and lung cancer. Thus, we propose that the genetic modulation and the molecular regulation of target pathways are essential to suppress pulmonary fibrosis in obese patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"13 12","pages":"3513-3525"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel bioassay reflecting response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in non-small cell lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion.","authors":"Ayako Takigami, Naoko Mato, Koichi Hagiwara, Makoto Maemondo","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tlcr-24-559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has prolonged the survival of a proportion of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Histological quantification of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in tumors is a widely adopted marker for predicting the efficacy of ICI treatment. However, its use in patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is occasionally challenging because of the difficulty of tissue sampling. The aim of this study was to identify new predictive factors for ICI treatment in patients with MPE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 22 patients with MPE were included. Initially, we surveyed several parameters of pleural effusion in relation to overall survival (OS). Next, we attempted to reflect the response to ICI treatment <i>in vitro</i>, a simple co-culture bioassay was designed, in which tumor cells and immune cells were co-cultured with nivolumab. Binding of nivolumab to T cells was confirmed by flow cytometry, and the released interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The parameter analysis demonstrated that the levels of albumin and the percentage of lymphocyte were significantly correlated with OS in all patients. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were negatively correlated with OS in only driver gene mutation-positive patients. <i>In vitro</i> bioassay showed that nivolumab-binding T cells predominantly produced IFN-γ compared with control antibody. Of the 22 patients, 12 showed an increase in IFN-γ release after treatment with nivolumab. Despite the lack of significant correlations between IFN-γ levels and OS, the duration of ICI treatment tended to be longer in patients with IFN-γ release versus those without IFN-γ release.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This immune assay of IFN-γ release after treatment with nivolumab <i>in vitro</i> may identify responders prior to ICI treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"13 12","pages":"3267-3277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrepancies in PD-L1 expression, lymphocyte infiltration, and tumor mutational burden in non-small cell lung cancer and matched brain metastases.","authors":"Yanhui Zhang, Runfen Cheng, Tingting Ding, Jianghua Wu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tlcr-24-735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differences in the immune microenvironment and responses to immunotherapy may exist between primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and brain metastases (BMs). This study aimed to investigate discrepancies in programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), and tumor mutational burden (TMB) between matched BMs and primary tumors (PTs) in NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-six pairs of surgically resected BMs and corresponding PTs from NSCLC patients were collected. PD-L1 expression and TILs, including CD8, CD3, CD4, CD20, CD68, and CD21, were analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitatively assessed through digital image analysis. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to investigate genomic discrepancies and variations in TMB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The density of PD-L1⁺ cells did not differ significantly between matched PTs and BMs (P>0.99). However, BMs exhibited a higher tumor proportion score (TPS) compared to PTs (mean TPS: 31.92% <i>vs.</i> 25.96%, P=0.049), with moderate agreement in categorized TPS (κ=0.653). Analysis of TILs revealed a significant reduction in CD3⁺ T cells (P<0.001), CD8⁺ cytotoxic T cells (P<0.001), CD20⁺ B cells (P<0.001), and CD68⁺ macrophages (P=0.02) in BMs compared to PTs. BMs also exhibited a loss of TLS, with no presence of mature TLS marked by CD21 expression. The number of non-synonymous mutations was generally higher in BMs than in PTs, with only 34.69% of mutations shared between paired PTs and BMs. TMB was slightly increased in BMs (mean TMB: 34.2 mutations/Mb in BMs <i>vs.</i> 26.8 mutations/Mb in PTs; P=0.30). Additionally, the log-rank test indicated that a higher density of CD20⁺ B cells in BMs was significantly associated with better overall survival (P=0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to primary NSCLC tumors, matched BMs show an increase in TPS of PD-L1 expression and TMB, but a significant reduction in TILs and loss of mature TLS, suggesting an immune-suppressive microenvironment in BMs. The infiltration of CD20⁺ B cells may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in NSCLC with BMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"13 12","pages":"3590-3602"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and validation of pyroptosis patterns with a novel quantification system for the prediction of prognosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Xianyu Qin, Jiayan Wu, Fei Qin, Yuzhen Zheng, Junguo Chen, Zui Liu, Jian Tan, Weijie Cai, Shiyun He, Bozhu Jian, Haosheng Zheng, Hongying Liao","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tlcr-24-1003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of pyroptosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) remains unclear. This study aimed to screen pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) and construct a model to investigate the immune infiltration, gene mutations, and immune response of patients of LUSC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of pyroptosis patterns in patients with LUSC with 51 PRGs. Pyroptosis-related clusters were identified using consistency clustering algorithm. Differences in the biologic and clinical characteristics between the clusters were analyzed. Cox regression analysis was performed to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to prognosis, and a principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm was used to construct a model based on these genes. The pyroptosis score was calculated for each tumor sample, and the samples were classified into high- and low-score groups based on the score. The disparities in survival, single-nucleotide variation (SNV), copy number variation (CNV), and immunotherapy response between high-score and low-score groups were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 51 PRGs were used to classify LUSC samples into three pyroptosis clusters with significant differences in survival (P=0.005). Based on the 390 DEGs between the three clusters, two distinct pyroptosis gene clusters were identified by secondary clustering, with significant differences in prognosis (P=0.005). A pyroptosis scoring model was established to evaluate the regulatory patterns of PRGs, and patients were stratified into two groups with high and low scores, using the median pyroptosis score as the cutoff. The survival analyses indicated that patients with high scores had worse prognoses in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-LUSC cohort (P=0.002), which was further supported by the analysis of the GSE37745 (P=0.006) and GSE135222 datasets (P=0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The quantification of pyroptosis patterns was found to be important in predicting prognosis and devising personalized treatment strategies in patients with LUSC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"13 12","pages":"3657-3674"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can circulating tumor DNA guide treatment de-escalation in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma harboring actionable genomic alterations?","authors":"Fabian Acker, Martin Sebastian","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tlcr-24-861","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"13 12","pages":"3831-3834"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-related quality of life analysis from ENTER, a randomized, controlled phase III trial of whole-brain radiotherapy with and without concurrent erlotinib in NSCLC with brain metastases.","authors":"Fei Tang, Jingyi Zhang, Zaicheng Xu, Yu Zhang, Xiaoyue Zhang, Yuan Peng, Zhenzhou Yang","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-481","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is critical for patients with lung cancer due to poor prognosis. We presented patient-reported outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastases (BM) who received whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in combination with erlotinib or WBRT alone in the phase 3 ENTER study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patients' HRQoL was assessed by using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer 30-item Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). Mean changes in scores on different quality of life (QoL) scales relative to baseline were reported. The QoL response and time to deterioration of QoL were compared between different treatment arms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The absolute mean differences in global health status/QoL scores, all functional and symptom scale scores from baseline between the two arms were not significantly different at all follow-up time points. After month 5, there was an improvement in nausea/vomiting symptom scores in the WBRT arm relative to their pretreatment baseline (P=0.003), while the WBRT + erlotinib arm had improved scores in fatigue (P=0.01), nausea/vomiting (P=0.02), pain (P=0.04) and insomnia (P=0.01). Compared to the WBRT arm, a greater proportion of patients in the combination treatment arm had deteriorating diarrhea (P=0.009), along with significantly delayed time to deterioration in role function (4.4 <i>vs.</i> 7.0 months, P=0.03), insomnia (7.0 <i>vs.</i> 4.7 months, P=0.02), and constipation (12.7 <i>vs.</i> 9.3 months, P=0.02) symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The simultaneous addition of erlotinib during WBRT did not decrease the QoL in the overall or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant patients with BM and resulted in improvements on more QoL scales and slower worsening of some self-reported symptoms compared to WBRT alone.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01887795.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"13 12","pages":"3289-3302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of T stage classification strategy for >2 cm ground-glass opacity non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Yiming Li, Zhenyu Yang, Hui Jie, Liying Zhang, Chenglin Guo, Chengwu Liu, Qiang Pu, Lunxu Liu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-664","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Lung Cancer Staging Program of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) has proposed using solid component size, rather than overall tumor size, for T-staging. However, studies focusing on patients with ground-glass opacity (GGO) lesions with a diameter larger than 2 cm are limited. This study aims to validate the T stage classification strategy recommended by IASLC in this specific and less-studied patient group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent lobectomy between December 2009 and December 2018 were included in this study. Clinical, pathological, and prognostic data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed. Patients were eligible if they were confirmed to have NSCLC, underwent lobectomy, had complete follow-up data, and were not diagnosed with any other malignancies. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was employed to ensure baseline characteristic balance. Two groups of patients matched with the GGO group at baseline were stratified based on overall tumor size (group matched by overall size) and solid component size (group matched by solid component size), respectively. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analyzed using the Cox proportional model and Kaplan-Meier method. Follow-up was conducted regularly to assess these outcomes. The T-staging applied was based on the solid component size according to the 8th edition IASLC staging guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,472 NSCLC patients who underwent lobectomy were included in the study (including 4,083 cases of solid lesions and 389 cases of subsolid lesions). The median follow-up time was 75.4 months. Patients in the GGO group had significantly better OS and RFS than those in the solid group [OS: hazard ratio (HR) =0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.40-0.73, P<0.001; RFS: HR =0.53, 95% CI: 0.42-0.67, P<0.001]. Comparing patients' PSM by overall size, the GGO group still had better OS and RFS (OS: HR =0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.85, P=0.004; RFS: HR =0.59, 95% CI: 0.44-0.79, P<0.001). After PSM by solid component size, no significant difference was detected between the GGO group and the group matched by solid component size on OS and RFS (OS: HR =0.89, 95% CI: 0.61-1.28, P=0.52; RFS: HR =0.92, 95% CI: 0.67-1.26, P=0.61). In subgroup analysis, after PSM by solid component size, the results showed no difference in OS and RFS between the restaged patients (c-T1 and c-T2) and the corresponding patients in the solid group (for OS, HR =1.06, 95% CI: 0.61-1.83, P=0.83; HR =1.11, 95% CI: 0.60-2.07, P=0.73, respectively; and RFS, HR =1.17, 95% CI: 0.75-1.82, P=0.49; HR =0.80, 95% CI: 0.48-1.34, P=0.39, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The T stage classification strategy proposed by ISALC remains applicable in patients with GGOs larger than 2 cm.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"13 12","pages":"3526-3537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of consolidative thoracic radiotherapy after first-line chemoimmunotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Lin Zheng, Yang Yang, Fan Bu, Ruizhi Ye, Fengming Zhang, Zhixiang Ji, Xirong Zhu, Hong Chen, Rongjun Shao, Lidan Liu, Xixi Ying, Lingying Zhu, Enyu Wang, Jifeng Feng, Zhiyong Shi, Jun Fang, Yuezhen Wang, Zhirui Zhou, Guangxian You","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-1182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tlcr-2024-1182","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) has shown potential benefits in improving local control and overall survival (OS) in chemotherapy-responsive small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) cases. However, its role in the era of chemoimmunotherapy remains underexplored. In the current era of immunotherapy, this study evaluated the efficacy and safety of consolidative TRT (cTRT) in patients with extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) and assessed its impact on OS. Additionally, the optimal radiotherapy dose and fractionation schemes were also explored.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this retrospective cohort study, 124 patients with ES-SCLC diagnosed at Taizhou Cancer Hospital between January 2019 and November 2023 were categorized into cTRT and non-cTRT groups. We compared the baseline characteristics, treatment processes, and survival outcomes between the two groups. Moreover, cTRT subgroups of different radiotherapy doses and fractionation schemes were formed and compared in terms of baseline characteristics, radiotherapy efficacy and safety, patterns of recurrence after radiotherapy, and survival outcomes. OS was selected as the primary endpoint for observation. Differences in OS between the groups were analyzed using log-rank tests. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to identify factors correlated with OS in the overall patient cohort.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The baseline characteristics between the two groups (cTRT and non-cTRT) were generally comparable, with the following significant differences: the cTRT group had a lower proportion of females (1.7% &lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; 15.2%, P=0.02), lower levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE, median: 15.87 &lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; 32.00 ng/mL, P=0.009), and higher sodium concentrations (median: 140.50 &lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; 138.25 mmol/L, P=0.01). Additionally, the cTRT group underwent more first-line treatment cycles (median: 4.00 &lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; 3.00, P=0.001). Compared with the non-cTRT group, the cTRT group had a longer OS [median survival 15.5 &lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; 10.5 months; hazard ratio (HR) =2.0497; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3548-3.1010; P&lt;0.001]. There were no significant differences in survival outcomes associated with the different radiotherapy dosage or fractionation schedules. The most common adverse event was neutropenia, but no severe treatment-related deaths occurred. Multivariable Cox analysis revealed that the sodium concentration (HR =0.8751; 95% CI: 0.7944-0.9642; P=0.007), initial treatment response (HR =0.7022; 95% CI: 0.4949-0.9964; P=0.048), total number of systemic treatment cycles (HR =0.5501; 95% CI: 0.3618-0.8364; P=0.005), and whether to receive cTRT (HR =1.7484; 95% CI: 1.1033-2.7708; P=0.02) were independent prognostic factors for OS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;cTRT improved the OS of patients with ES-SCLC and exhibited manageable associated toxicity. Further research is needed to confirm the effect of radiotherapy dose and fractionation scheme selection on ","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"13 12","pages":"3675-3691"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}