Translational Stroke Research最新文献

{"title":"Distinct Cytokine Responses in Central and Systemic Compartments after Subarachnoid Haemorrhage.","authors":"Soham Bandyopadhyay, Ben Gaastra, Ardalan Zolnourian, Patrick Garland, Chieh-Hsi Wu, Ian Galea, Diederik Bulters","doi":"10.1007/s12975-025-01348-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-025-01348-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neuroinflammation may contribute to outcomes following subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokine data is limited and its relationship with systemic inflammation is unknown. This study compares the inflammatory responses in CSF and plasma compartments, and their associations with outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten cytokines were measured in CSF and plasma from 98 SAH patients and 18 control patients. Outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin scale (mRS) and Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Outcome Tool (SAHOT) at days 7, 28, 90 and 180. Regression analyses and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median levels of all CSF cytokines and plasma IL-6 were higher in SAH patients than controls (p < 0.001). Plasma IL-6 peaked earlier (3 days after SAH) than CSF cytokines (7-9 days after SAH). On day 7, CSF levels were greater than plasma levels for all cytokines (p < 0.001). There was no correlation between individual cytokines in the plasma and CSF. Only plasma IL-6 levels correlated with long-term outcome (mRS (p = 0.009) and SAHOT (p = 0.007) at day 180), accounting for WFNS and blood volume. Seven principal components of cytokines had an eigenvalue greater than 1. Only the first plasma principal component (dominated by IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-13, and TNF-α) was associated with outcomes (p < 0.05). Mediation analysis suggested the effects of WFNS and blood volume on outcome were not mediated by IL-6 or this principal component.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SAH provokes an inflammatory response in CSF and plasma. The response pattern is different and distinct in each compartment. Each compartment's relationship with outcomes differ, suggesting separate roles in SAH pathophysiology. Plasma IL-6 is independently associated with outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23237,"journal":{"name":"Translational Stroke Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher Time to Peak after Stent Implantation in Symptomatic High-Grade Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis is Related to In-Stent Restenosis.","authors":"Longhui Zhang, Haoyu Zhu, Yupeng Zhang, Fangguang Chen, Dapeng Sun, Yufan Liu, Chuhan Jiang, Zhongrong Miao, Baixue Jia","doi":"10.1007/s12975-025-01346-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-025-01346-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about the association between periprocedural hemodynamics and in-stent restenosis (ISR) following stent implantation in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). This study aims to identify periprocedural hemodynamics that may be associated with ISR. Subjects were selected from the NOVA trial (The First-in-man Trial Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of the NOVA Intracranial Stent Trial). ISR was defined as greater than 50% stenosis of the luminal diameter within or immediately adjacent to (within 5 mm) the implanted stent. Periprocedural hemodynamics, including cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, mean transit time, and time to peak (TTP), were derived from the time-density curve generated from digital subtraction angiography using the fast Fourier transform algorithm. Of the 263 patients enrolled in the NOVA trial, 176 with symptomatic high-grade ICAS who underwent stent implantation were included in this study. Of these, 35 (19.9%) were diagnosed with ISR at the one-year follow-up. No significant differences in pre-procedure hemodynamics were observed between stent groups and between the ISR groups and the non-ISR group. Higher post-procedure TTP (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.26-3.02), the use of bare-metal stents (OR, 5.40; 95% CI, 2.21-13.19), and higher post-procedure residual stenosis (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03-1.13) were independent factors associated with ISR. Higher post-procedure TTP, the use of bare-metal stents, and higher post-procedure residual stenosis were independent factors associated with ISR. The combined use of periprocedural hemodynamics and clinical factors may help predict ISR in patients with symptomatic high-grade ICAS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23237,"journal":{"name":"Translational Stroke Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Outcomes of Stereotactic Radiosurgery Focused Treatment of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations Based on Rupture Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Meah T Ahmed, Anand Kaul, Joanna Roy, Basel Musmar, Santiago D Mendoza-Ayús, Morena P Koorie, Cheritesh R Amaravadi, Antony A Fuleihan, Stavropoula I Tjoumakaris, Michael R Gooch, Robert H Rosenwasser, Pascal Jabbour","doi":"10.1007/s12975-025-01339-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-025-01339-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a non-invasive treatment option for brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs). However, SRS cures are delayed, making it less favorable for higher risk ruptured bAVMs (rbAVMs) than unruptured (ubAVMs). This systematic review and meta-analysis explores the long-term outcomes of SRS-focused protocols for rbAVMs and ubAVMs. This study adhered to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus, and hand-search on January 30th, 2025. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies: distinguishing cohorts by rupture status, reporting post-SRS outcomes, and without overlapping series. Pooled analysis was performed from 24 articles using DerSimonian-Laird random effects models. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were also conducted. All analyses were performed using R. For rbAVMs, the pooled rupture, obliteration, and mortality rates were 7.14% (95% CI: 5.76%-8.64%), 65.0% (95% CI: 57.2%-72.4%), and 0.87% (95% CI: 0.00%-5.14%), respectively, and for ubAVMs, 6.13% (95% CI: 4.71%-7.69%), 59.5% (95% CI: 51.3%-67.3%), and 0.89% (95% CI: 0.00%-3.82%), respectively. Subgroup meta-analyses of rupture rates and obliteration rates showed no significant differences based on prior treatments (Q = 2.47, p = 0.48; Q = 4.34, p = 0.23; respectively) or volume-staging protocols (Q = 4.90, p = 0.18; Q = 1.12, p = 0.77, respectively). Meta-regression analysis for rbAVMs demonstrated a positive correlation between intranidal aneurysms and rupture rate (p < 0.05, R² = 100%), an inverse correlation between Spetzler-Martin (SM) grade I-II bAVMs and obliteration rate (p < 0.05, R² = 68.6%), and a positive correlation between SM grade III-V bAVMs and obliteration rate (p < 0.05, R² = 68.0%). Meta-regression analysis for ubAVMs demonstrated an inverse correlation between eloquent-region lesions and rupture rate (p < 0.05, R² = 31.3%), and surprisingly a positive correlation between mean age and obliteration rate (p < 0.05, R² = 23.8%). SRS-focused studies show similar long-term outcomes regardless of rupture status, but presence of underlying factors indicates the need for individualized risk-benefit analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23237,"journal":{"name":"Translational Stroke Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging Radiomics for Identifying High-Risk Intracranial Plaques.","authors":"Fang Wu, Hai-Ning Wei, Miao Zhang, Qing-Feng Ma, Rui Li, Jie Lu","doi":"10.1007/s12975-025-01345-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-025-01345-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rupture of vulnerable plaques is the principal cause of luminal thrombosis in acute ischemic stroke. The identification of plaque features that indicate risk for disruption may predict cerebrovascular events. Here, we aimed to build a high-risk intracranial plaque model that differentiates symptomatic from asymptomatic plaques using radiomic features based on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI). One hundred and seventy-two patients with 188 intracranial atherosclerotic plaques (100 symptomatic and 88 asymptomatic) with available HRMRI data were recruited. Clinical characteristics and conventional plaque features on HRMRI were measured, including high signal on T1-weighted images (HST1), the degree of stenosis, normalized wall index, remodeling index, and enhancement ratio (ER). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to build a traditional model to differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic plaques. Radiomic features were extracted from pre-contrast and post-contrast HRMRI. A radiomic model based on HRMRI was constructed using random forests, ridge, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and deep learning (DL). A MIX model was constructed based on the radiomic model and the traditional model. Gender, HST1, and ER were associated with symptomatic plaques and were included in the traditional model, which had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.697 in the training set and 0.704 in the test set. The radiomic model achieved an AUC of 0.982 in the training set and 0.867 in the test dataset for identifying symptomatic plaques. In the training set, the MIX model showed an AUC of 0.977. In the test set, the MIX model exhibited an improved AUC of 0.895, which outperformed the traditional model (p = 0.032). Radiomic analysis based on DL and machine learning can accurately identify high-risk intracranial plaques.</p>","PeriodicalId":23237,"journal":{"name":"Translational Stroke Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Energy CT-Based Thrombus Radiomics Can Predict Functional Outcome of Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke.","authors":"Yuzhu Ma, Ying Zhao, Yao Dai, Ziyang Song, Jiajia Yang, Chunhong Hu, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12975-025-01344-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-025-01344-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore the predictive value of dual-energy CT-based thrombus radiomics for the functional outcome of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). One hundred four AIS patients who received intravenous thrombolysis were enrolled and classified into favorable and unfavorable outcome based on their modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 90 days. All patients underwent a one-stop-shop CT scan upon admission, including NCCT, dual-energy CTA, and CTP. The thrombus radiological and radiomics models were developed using NCCT, CTA, and iodine overlay map (IOM) images. The clinical model was developed using clinical information and other radiological data. The best-performing radiomics model was selected for the further development of a clinical-radiomics nomogram. The performance of these models was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, clinical decision curves, calibration curves, and DeLong's test. The AUCs of the model_Thrombus built using the thrombus characteristics were lower than those of most radiomics models (training, 0.77; test, 0.75). The AUCs of the model_IOM were higher than those of model_CTA (training, 0.84 vs. 0.71; test, 0.78 vs. 0.66) and were comparable to model_NCCT (training, 0.84 vs. 0.82; test, 0.78 vs. 0.78). The model_NCCT+IOM demonstrated improved predictive performance compared to either single-sequence model alone (training, 0.92; test, 0.83). Systolic blood pressure and baseline NIHSS score were independent predictors of favorable outcome. Among all models, the nomogram has the highest predictive value (training, 0.96; test, 0.91). The thrombus radiomics model based on dual-energy CT can effectively predict functional outcome of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with AIS. The addition of clinical data to the model can improve predictive performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23237,"journal":{"name":"Translational Stroke Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Favorable Cerebral Collateral Cascades Improve Futile Recanalization by Reducing Ischemic Core Volume in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Undergoing Endovascular Treatment.","authors":"Liping Huang, Shuyu Jiang, Chen Gong, Gang Wu, Jing Guo, Jin Liu, Jinxian Yuan, You Wang, Tao Xu, Chang Liu, Shengli Chen, Yangmei Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12975-025-01340-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-025-01340-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although endovascular treatment (EVT) was the first-line therapeutic strategy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), half of the patients could not achieve functional independence. Previous studies suggested arterial collateral was an important predictor of this phenomenon. However, cerebral collateral circulation was regulated by arteries, venous, and microcirculation, and its role remained unclear. Therefore, based on the integrated cerebral collateral cascade (CCC) system, this study aimed to explore the relationship and potential mechanisms between CCC and futile recanalization. This was a multicenter retrospective study for AIS patients receiving EVT. The CCC model was used to comprehensively assess the collateral circulation, which consisted of arterial collaterals, venous outflow, and tissue-level collaterals. Imaging outcomes included ischemic core, hypoperfusion volume, and penumbra volume. The clinical outcome was futile recanalization, defined as a 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 3-6 after successful recanalization. Multivariate regression and mediation analyses were used to assess the relationship between CCC, futile recanalization, and potential mediators. Among 513 patients with successful recanalization, 50.6% (260) experienced futile recanalization. In the multivariable regression analysis, favorable CCC (aOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.31-0.75; P = 0.001) was independently associated with unfavorable outcome despite successful recanalization. Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that favorable CCC significantly reduced the ischemic core accounting for 27.62% (95% CI 9.69-66.00%) of its beneficial effect on futile recanalization. The benefit of favorable CCC on futile recanalization may be mediated by a reduction in ischemic core volume in AIS patients undergoing EVT. Our findings deepen the understanding of futile recanalization and microcirculation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23237,"journal":{"name":"Translational Stroke Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jugular Vein Evans Blue Injection for Blood-Brain Barrier Assessment Following Hemorrhagic Stroke in a Mouse Model.","authors":"Yu Zeng, Fang Wang, Rui Liu, Jian Liu, Tao Xiong, Guodong Liu, Hao Yin, Guoqiang Han, Jian Liu, Jiqin Zhang, Ying Tan","doi":"10.1007/s12975-025-01341-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-025-01341-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a selectively permeable membrane that plays a crucial role in protecting the brain from harmful substances. Its disruption is associated with various central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including hemorrhagic stroke. Evans Blue (EB) dye, a protein-binding tracer, is commonly used to assess BBB permeability. However, the method of injection significantly influences the accuracy and reproducibility of experimental results in the C57/6 mice. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of jugular vein injection of EB dye for assessing BBB integrity in a mouse intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) model. This study investigates the efficacy of jugular vein injection of EB dye for assessing BBB integrity in C57/6 mice with ICH. Neurological deficits were assessed using the Longa and Modified Garcia Scales (GS) on day 1 post-ICH to ensure baseline consistency. Mice were anesthetized and injected with a 2% EB solution via either the jugular or tail vein. Only mice with successful tail vein injections were included in the tail vein injection group. The jugular vein injection method was successfully applied to all animals in the respective group. Plasma and brain EB concentrations were quantified by spectrophotometry following the processing of plasma and brain homogenates. BBB permeability was assessed by measuring EB content in brain tissue after transcardial perfusion and homogenization. Neurological function was assessed 24 h post-modeling using the Longa score, with a score greater than 1 indicating successful modeling. No significant neurological deficits were observed in the sham group, while all animals in the ICH group showed significant deficits (P &lt; 0.0001). No differences in deficits were observed among the experimental groups (P &gt; 0.05). Plasma EB concentration decreased over time in both the sham and ICH groups (P &lt; 0.0001), with the tail vein group showing no significant change between 30 min and 2 h (P &gt; 0.05), but a significant decrease at 24 h (P &lt; 0.0001). At 30 min and 2 h, no significant differences in plasma EB concentration were observed between the sham and ICH jugular vein groups (P &gt; 0.05), though the plasma concentration was significantly higher in the sham group at 24 h (P &lt; 0.05). No significant differences in EB content were noted between ICH jugular vein group and ICH tail vein group groups at 30 min, 2 h, and 24 h in brain tissues (P &gt; 0.05), although the ICH jugular vein group showed higher EB content than the sham group (P &lt; 0.05). No significant differences were found between the ICH tail and sham groups at 2 and 24 h, though the distribution is more dispersed in the tail vein group. Additionally, the hemorrhagic side of the brain showed significantly higher EB content than the non-hemorrhagic side after 2 h (P &lt; 0.05), but no difference was observed at 24 h. Jugular vein injection of EB dye provides a precise, reliable, and reproducible method for evaluating BBB integrity in mouse mod","PeriodicalId":23237,"journal":{"name":"Translational Stroke Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influx of Metabolites into Cerebrospinal Fluid in Intracerebral Hemorrhage is Associated with Increased Central Inflammation: a Retrospective Observational Study.","authors":"Huaying Zhang, Yuxia Zhong, Jinlian Shao, Kaijian Sun, Lingling Zhang, Yulong Zhang, Yu Xiao, Xiangyu Zuo, Zhixin Li, Tianhui Zeng, Zizheng Gao, Chun Yang, Yisi Liu, Kaiyu Xu, Haitao Sun, Zuman Dou, Bin Liu, Nannan Guo, Hongwei Zhou, Zhuang Li","doi":"10.1007/s12975-025-01342-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-025-01342-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is characterized by the rupture of blood vessels, allowing components from peripheral circulation to infiltrate the brain and impair central immune functions. This study employs non-targeted metabolomics to compare cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites between acute-phase and recovery-phase of ICH, aiming to identify metabolites associated with ICH central inflammation. CSF and plasma samples were collected from a retrospective observational cohort of participants with ICH (n = 38). Additionally, we obtained CSF samples from patients who underwent lower limb surgery due to accidental injuries, serving as healthy controls (n = 12). Non-targeted metabolomics analysis was performed, and inflammatory factors in the CSF were measured. The association between these metabolites and inflammation in the CSF was validated using a collagenase-induced ICH mouse model and microglial cultures in vitro. Our results demonstrate that the levels of certain metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid of ICH patients changed significantly from the acute phase to the recovery phase (P < 0.05, VIP > 1). Furthermore, the concentration of inflammatory factors in the acute-phase CSF was significantly higher compared to both the recovery phase of ICH and healthy control levels. Correlation analyses of inflammatory factors and the patients' CSF metabolites revealed several metabolites associated with central inflammation. Notably, kynurenic acid (Kyna) exhibited a positive correlation with central inflammation and a negative correlation with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). In the collagenase-induced ICH mouse model, elevated levels of Kyna were also associated with increased inflammation in the CSF. Additionally, in vitro studies demonstrated that Kyna regulates inflammatory cytokines by activating microglia. Our study highlights a significant relationship between metabolites in the CSF of ICH patients and central inflammation. Specifically, Kyna promotes inflammation by activating microglia, suggesting its potential as a promising target for therapeutic intervention in ICH central inflammation. Registration: 2023-KY-155-02.</p>","PeriodicalId":23237,"journal":{"name":"Translational Stroke Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Freely Moving Photothrombotic Stroke Model Reveals Sustained Dysfunction of GABAergic Neuron in Contralesional Cortex Using Miniaturized Two-Photon Microscopy.","authors":"Chuanyang Jin, Hui Dai, Dechun Dai, Jianbin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12975-025-01336-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-025-01336-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic stroke (IS) commonly results in long-term disability, largely due to alterations in neuronal networks. In repeatable rodent IS model under naturalistic conditions, the difficulty of capturing single-cell neuronal activities and how this solves a long-standing challenge is still remained. Here, we combined a photothrombotic stroke model with head-mounted miniaturized two-photon microscopy (mTPM) to achieve longitudinal, real-time imaging of GABAergic neurons in the contralesional primary motor cortex (M1) in freely moving mice. We observed pronounced reductions in calcium dynamics in GABAergic neurons. These calcium dynamics emerged as early as day 3 post-stroke and persisted through day 19, despite no detectable gross motor deficits. Our findings highlight subtle cortical dysfunction persists despite normal gross motor function, underscoring the need for finer behavioral tests. This approach offered a powerful tool to bridge the gap between cellular-level dysfunction and macroscopic behaviors after focal ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":23237,"journal":{"name":"Translational Stroke Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stroke Mechanisms in Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease: A Modified Classification System and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Shuang Li, Xuan Tian, Xueyan Feng, Bonaventure Ip, Hing Lung Ip, Jill Abrigo, Lina Zheng, Yuying Liu, Yu Liu, Ziqi Li, Tingjun Liang, Karen K Y Ma, Florence S Y Fan, Sze Ho Ma, Hui Fang, Bo Song, Yuming Xu, Howan Leung, Yannie O Y Soo, Vincent C T Mok, Ka Sing Wong, Xinyi Leng, Thomas W H Leung","doi":"10.1007/s12975-025-01338-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-025-01338-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS), recent evidence has suggested an association between artery-to-artery embolism (AAE) and cortical borderzone (CBZ) infarcts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited patients with 50-99% anterior-circulation sICAS in this cohort. Stroke mechanisms were categorized as isolated parent artery atherosclerosis occluding penetrating artery (PAO), isolated AAE, isolated hypoperfusion, and mixed mechanisms, using two classification systems. In Classification I, the probable stroke mechanisms of internal borderzone and CBZ infarcts were both hypoperfusion, which were respectively hypoperfusion and AAE in Classification II. Other classification criteria were the same. We investigated and compared the predictive values of the two systems in predicting 90-day and 1-year recurrent ischemic stroke in the same territory (SIT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 145 patients (median age 62 years), 101 (69.7%) were males. We found significant difference in the proportions of baseline stroke mechanisms between these two systems (p < 0.001). Eleven (7.6%) and 19 (13.1%) patients respectively had 90-day or 1-year recurrent SIT. Classification II better predicted the risk of 90-day recurrent SIT than Classification I, when patients were divided into 4 groups according to baseline stroke mechanisms (p = 0.029), or by the presence of hypoperfusion (p < 0.001). The two classification systems had comparable predictive values for 1-year recurrent SIT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In medically treated sICAS patients, considering AAE rather than hypoperfusion as the stroke mechanism for CBZ infarcts could better predict early recurrent SITs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23237,"journal":{"name":"Translational Stroke Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}