Toxicology International最新文献_第7页

Impact of Paraquat on Acid and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Indian Major Carp Cirrhinus mrigala Hamilton 百草枯对印度大鲤鱼酸碱磷酸酶活性的影响

Toxicology International Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30269

Nagesh B Birajdar, Madhav Pralhad Bhilav

{"title":"Impact of Paraquat on Acid and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Indian Major Carp Cirrhinus mrigala Hamilton","authors":"Nagesh B Birajdar, Madhav Pralhad Bhilav","doi":"10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30269","url":null,"abstract":"Paraquat is a non-selective aquatic herbicide used to control nuisance vegetation in aquatic bodies. It potentially causes fish toxicity. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate alterations in Acid Phosphatase (ACP) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity in fingerlings of commercially important Indian Major Carp Cirrhinus mrigala. Both ACP and ALP are popular biomarkers of pesticide toxicity- induced aquatic pollution. 96 hours of acute exposure to LC0 and LC50 concentrations and 30 days of chronic exposure to LC1/20th and LC1/10th concentration of paraquat were studied during the present experiment in selected four tissues viz. gill, liver, muscle and brain to interpret its comparative impact at different effective concentrations on selected target tissues of fish. 30 days of chronic exposure to LC1/10th dose of paraquat showed exceptionally highly significant (p<0.001) decline in ACP activity of all four tissues among all other treatment groups when compared with the control. The liver tissue of fishes exposed to both the acute concentrations of paraquat shows an exceptionally highly significant (p<0.001) decrease in ALP activity among all other treatment groups and tissues when compared with control. From the present study, it can be concluded that paraquat-induced decline in ACP and ALP activity in Cirrhinus mrigala can be utilized as a prominent biomarker of aquatic toxicity induced due to pesticides in non-targeted organisms like fish. Paraquat can be potentially considered an aquatic ecosystem hazard leading to severe environmental pollution and eco-toxicity.","PeriodicalId":23205,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49473432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toxic Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Liver, Gill and Muscle Tissues of Zebrafish Danio rerio 银纳米颗粒对斑马鱼肝脏、鳃和肌肉组织的毒性作用

Toxicology International Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/29647

A. Shelke

引用次数: 0

Cadmium and Chlorpyrifos Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Brain, Liver and Kidney of Wistar Rats 镉和毒死蜱对Wistar大鼠脑、肝、肾脂质过氧化的影响

Toxicology International Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30251

Y. Ravikumar, D. Madhuri, M. Lakshman, A. Gopalareddy, B. Kalakumar, B. Anilkumar

引用次数: 0

Amelioration of Streptozotocin Induced Cytotoxicity by Mimosa pudica Root Extract - A Proteomic Based In-Vitro Study 含羞草根提取物改善链脲佐菌素诱导的细胞毒性——基于蛋白质组学的体外研究

Toxicology International Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/29645

P. Jamadagni, S. Pawar, S. Jamadagni, S. Chougule, M. Wanjari, M. Gautam, S. Gaidhani, A. Gurav, N. Shrikanth

引用次数: 0

Potential of Zingiber officinale Extract against Chlorpyrifos Toxicity in Caprine Testicular Cells 生姜提取物对抗毒死蜱对山羊睾丸细胞毒性的潜力

Toxicology International Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/29728

P. Saraf, Harish Panchal, Kameshwar Sharma, S. Sharma, J. Bhardwaj

引用次数: 0

Fluoride Contamination, Toxicity and its Potential Therapeutic Agents 氟化物污染、毒性及其潜在治疗剂

Toxicology International Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30844

Prem Rajak, Sumedha Roy, S. Khatun, M. Mandi, Abhratanu Ganguly, K. Das, Anik Dutta, Sayantani Nanda, Siddhartha Ghanty, G. Biswas

{"title":"Fluoride Contamination, Toxicity and its Potential Therapeutic Agents","authors":"Prem Rajak, Sumedha Roy, S. Khatun, M. Mandi, Abhratanu Ganguly, K. Das, Anik Dutta, Sayantani Nanda, Siddhartha Ghanty, G. Biswas","doi":"10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30844","url":null,"abstract":"Fluoride is the thirteenth most abundant element in the earth’s crust. It is highly electronegative and distributed ubiquitously in nature. During weathering of rocks and soil, fluoride can leach out and dissolve in the groundwater. Both plants and animals are exposed to several compounds of fluoride through contaminated soil and water. Fluoride contamination in groundwater is a major global concern as groundwater is frequently used for drinking in various parts of the world, especially in developing countries. Fluoride compounds have been reported to impose acute and chronic health hazards. Millions of global populations are suffering from dental and skeletal fluorosis due to high fluoride intake through drinking water. In green vegetation, fluoride accumulation causes necrosis in the tip and marginal portions of leaves. Diverse detrimental effects of fluoride on health have insisted researchers globally to identify compounds having protective potential against fluoride toxicity. Several plant extracts, vitamins, polyphenols, melatonin, hypophyseal proteins, and lycopene have been demonstrated to enhance the antioxidant status and subvert fluoride-induced health hazards in model organisms. However, more studies are required to forward conclusive opinions in terms of the real-life efficacy of these antioxidants against fluoride toxicity.","PeriodicalId":23205,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43657083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Phytochemical Characterization and Antioxidant Potential of Latex Extracts of Cardiotoxic Plants - Cascabela thevetia (L.) Lippold and Plumeria alba L. 心脏毒性植物Cascabela thevetia (L.)乳胶提取物的植物化学特性及抗氧化潜力利波德与白鸡蛋花。

Toxicology International Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30892

S. Rajhans, H. Pandya

引用次数: 0

N-Acetylcysteine Mediated Regulation of MnSOD, UCP-2 and Cytochrome C Associated with Amelioration of Monocrotophos-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats N-乙酰半胱氨酸介导的MnSOD、UCP-2和细胞色素C的调节及其对大鼠肝毒性的改善作用

Toxicology International Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30325

J. Singh, Annu Phogat, Vijay Kumar, Vinay Malik

{"title":"N-Acetylcysteine Mediated Regulation of MnSOD, UCP-2 and Cytochrome C Associated with Amelioration of Monocrotophos-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats","authors":"J. Singh, Annu Phogat, Vijay Kumar, Vinay Malik","doi":"10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30325","url":null,"abstract":"Pesticides are now a risk to the environment and public health. Monocrotophos (MCP) is known to cause organ toxicity and impart degenerative effects at cellular levels. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a natural antioxidant having various prophylactic properties. Male Wistar rats were given NAC (200 mg/kg b.wt), MCP (0.9 mg/kg b.wt) and NAC followed by MCP; intragastrically for 28 consecutive days. Regulation of MnSOD, UCP-2 and cytochrome c was analyzed by western blotting and polymerase chain reaction. Histology, electron microscopy and weight parameters were evaluated in the liver. MCP exposure significantly decreased body weight gain, relative liver weight, and structural changes. Altered MnSOD protein expression, decreased transcription of UCP-2 and MnSOD, and released cytochrome c indicated that oxidative stress is involved in MCP exposure. Treatment of NAC to MCP-exposed rats normalized the weight and structural changes, restored MnSOD and UCP-2 levels and prevented the release of cytochrome c. The present study suggests that the regulation of UCP-2, MnSOD and cytochrome c is involved in NAC efficacy against MCP toxicity. These findings illustrate that NAC can serve as a potential therapeutic agent for toxicity and oxidative stress in mammals. ","PeriodicalId":23205,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43329033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Guardians of the Sea : Echinoderms as Sentinels of Marine Pollution 海洋守护者：棘皮动物是海洋污染的哨兵

Toxicology International Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i4/30487

Andreia Garcês, I. Pires

引用次数: 0

Correlation between BOD/COD Ratio and Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient for Mixture Organic Compounds 混合有机化合物的BOD/COD比值与辛醇/水分配系数的相关性

Toxicology International Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.18311/ti/2022/v29i3/29141

Latifa Mirzatika Al-Rosyid, I. Santoso, H. S. Titah, Sarwoko Mangkoedihardjo, Y. Trihadiningrum, D. Hidayati

{"title":"Correlation between BOD/COD Ratio and Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient for Mixture Organic Compounds","authors":"Latifa Mirzatika Al-Rosyid, I. Santoso, H. S. Titah, Sarwoko Mangkoedihardjo, Y. Trihadiningrum, D. Hidayati","doi":"10.18311/ti/2022/v29i3/29141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/ti/2022/v29i3/29141","url":null,"abstract":"Correlation between the BOD/COD ratio and Partition coefficient of octanol/ water (Pow) on a single organic substance shows that the Pow value is directly proportional to the toxicity level and inversely proportional to BOD/COD ratio. This research examined the correlation to a mixture of organic substances. The objective is to obtain a varied range of substances, as well as determining the quality of wastewater discharging to fresh waters. Need for analysis of organic substances used as antiseptics during the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, organic substances from the organophosphate pesticide class, diazinon, were used. BOD5, COD, Pow, and LC50-96h toxicity tests using Daphnia magna were used. Six types of the mixture of organic substances included diazinon-formaldehyde-isopropyl alcohol, ethanol-oxalic acid-formaldehyde, isopropyl alcohol-glycerol-lactose, acetic acid-isopropyl alcohol-formaldehyde, sucrose-glycerol-acetic acid, and oxalic acid-formaldehyde-diazinon, with 3 different concentrations of 10, 100, and 1000 mg/L, three repetitions. The lowest BOD/COD ratio (<0.2) and the highest Pow value (>4) are found in diazinon-formaldehyde-IPA. Its toxicity in D. magna also showed the lowest LC-50 (11.82 mg/L). Whereas, sucrose-glycerol-acetic acid had the highest BOD/COD ratio (>0.7) and lowest Pow (<0.7) with the highest LC- 50 (567.88 mg/L). Other organic substances mixtures have characteristics in the range of these mixtures. Pow variability and the BOD/COD ratio have a negative correlation. A mixture of organic matter is more biodegradable making it has a higher tendency to dissolve in water.","PeriodicalId":23205,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48422266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0