Études ÉpistémèPub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.4000/episteme.12385
G. Fourcade
{"title":"« Lo, here I lie » : les jeux du paradoxe chez Donne","authors":"G. Fourcade","doi":"10.4000/episteme.12385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/episteme.12385","url":null,"abstract":"Quoique l’œuvre de Donne ne fasse que de rares allusions aux jeux de la premiere modernite, elle n’est pas pour autant depourvue d’une dimension ludique qui s’incarne sous une forme poetique. Cet article rappelle en effet que les « Inns of Court » et les « convivial societies », frequentees par Donne dans les annees 1590, firent emerger une poesie ludique contemporaine de la vogue des paradoxes, entendus aussi bien comme figures que comme faux eloges. L’anthropologue americain Gregory Bateson a theorise le jeu en soulignant qu’il est toujours assorti d’un commentaire auto-referentiel implicite et qu’il est profondement paradoxal en ce qu’il deplace le sens de ce qu’il represente. S’appuyant sur ces travaux, l’analyse des paradoxes et, notamment, des paradoxes auto-referentiels dans « The Paradox », « The Triple Fool » et le « Paradox VII » (« That a wise man is knowne by much Laughinge ») des Paradoxes and Problems (1633) montre qu’ils sont une modalite du jeu, entendu au sens mecanique du terme, comme espace de la fluctuation. De facon vertigineuse, ces figures organisent une migration constante du signifie.","PeriodicalId":231928,"journal":{"name":"Études Épistémè","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115741871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Études ÉpistémèPub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.4000/episteme.11105
Laurent Curelly
{"title":"Is the Pen Really Mightier than the Sword? Poetic Fragments and Politics in Civil War Ephemeral Newspapers","authors":"Laurent Curelly","doi":"10.4000/episteme.11105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/episteme.11105","url":null,"abstract":"The significance and dissemination of print culture during the British Civil Wars is now well documented, and the role played by newsbooks not only as purveyors of news but also as contributors to the circulation of ideas has been ascertained by a fair amount of scholarly work. Until recently, Civil War weeklies tended to be studied and valued for their historical potential as witnesses of a troubled age when war was also fought in pamphlets, but their literary dimension was often neglected. This unfortunate oversight is being redressed and newsbooks are increasingly investigated as literary artefacts/objects/products in their own right in terms of the way they recycled literary genres and conventions, now following literary traditions, now challenging norms and twisting codes. This paper reconciles the two approaches by concentrating on poetic fragments in Civil War newsbooks while looking at the way these publications engaged with the pressing political issues of their time. It is centred on the ephemeral newspapers of the year 1648 – the year when royalist risings in the provinces developed into an all-out civil war; the word “ephemeral” here is to be understood as referring to weeklies that did not last for more than a few weeks, but whose significance and political impact historians and literary scholars have not yet quite appraised. This paper looks at the way both royalist and parliamentarian “mercuries” used canonical forms and genres – in particular, the epigram, parody and satire – to convey their political meanings as well as carry polemic further afield in an effort to generate support for the cause they fought for.","PeriodicalId":231928,"journal":{"name":"Études Épistémè","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132371607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Études ÉpistémèPub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.4000/episteme.11058
Fiona Lejosne
{"title":"Les compilations géographiques vénitiennes du début de l’époque moderne : savoirs politiques et politique des savoirs","authors":"Fiona Lejosne","doi":"10.4000/episteme.11058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/episteme.11058","url":null,"abstract":"La forme composite est particulierement employee pour les publications geographiques venitiennes du debut de l’âge moderne, etudiees ici en comparaison et en contraste avec le cas romain. Ce choix repond a des exigences scientifiques dans la mesure ou la compilation permet la mise en forme unifiee d’un savoir qui etait alors, en geographie, abondant, pluriel et heterogene. L’indeniable caractere politique de ces savoirs amene egalement a interroger le choix de la forme compilatoire selon ce prisme. A Venise, le caractere composite de certains ouvrages de geographie – ainsi que la quasi absence de ces formes dans le panorama libraire romain – incite a en identifier la portee politique. La compilation venitienne favorisait la visibilite de voyages conduits par des ressortissants de la Serenissime, tout en participant d’une promotion de la capacite des Venitiens a capter les savoirs en circulation par la mobilisation des reseaux de la Republique de Venise.","PeriodicalId":231928,"journal":{"name":"Études Épistémè","volume":"85 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127986465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Études ÉpistémèPub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.4000/episteme.10035
Daria Castaldo
{"title":"« Los acentos / de la graciosa Ardania ». Cantar a la spagnola en la corte virreinal del V duque de Alba","authors":"Daria Castaldo","doi":"10.4000/episteme.10035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/episteme.10035","url":null,"abstract":"El presente articulo se centra en la peculiar dimension laudatoria del cancionero hispano-italiano ms. XVII. 30 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Napoles, compilado para homenajear a Antonio Alvarez de Toledo, quinto duque de Alba, virrey de Napoles desde diciembre 1622 hasta agosto 1629. Se trata de una antologia poetica formada por tres secciones claramente definidas. El nucleo original fue compuesto por Giambattista Basile, famoso poeta napolitano, que eligio exclusivamente textos en lengua espanola, pertenecientes a generos poeticos tradicionales (decimas, glosas, redondillas, romances, seguidillas, villancicos). Textos espanoles y textos italianos, aunque todavia en una modesta cantidad, constituyen la segunda seccion, recogidos por y/o para Adriana Basile, hermana del poeta napolitano, y para su hija Leonora Barone, celebres y muy apreciadas cantantes de aquella epoca. En la tercera, en cambio, dominan los textos italianos y las dos cantantes se convierten en sus principales dedicatarias. A traves del analisis de las formas poeticas recogidas en lengua espanola y de ejemplos textuales concretos, se rastrearan las huellas de la presencia del virrey dentro del cancionero, mostrando las estrategias de la busqueda del favor virreinal y las del propio poder para fortalecerse. En este atipico florilegio in laudem son las constantes de la lirica tradicional, del tema amoroso y la centralidad del aspecto musical las que delinean la figura del dedicatario, atento mecenas y amante de las diversiones cortesanas, al que los Basile rindieron homenaje acudiendo al canto a la spagnola.","PeriodicalId":231928,"journal":{"name":"Études Épistémè","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127300651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Études ÉpistémèPub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.4000/episteme.11284
Rose A. Pruiksma
{"title":"Rethinking Burlesque Forms in Louis XIII ballets: Dance, Music, and Politics in Burlesque ballets, 1625-1635","authors":"Rose A. Pruiksma","doi":"10.4000/episteme.11284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/episteme.11284","url":null,"abstract":"Influential analyses of the burlesque ballets performed at the court of Louis XIII argue that the ballets functioned as space for expression of noble resistance to the absolutist monarchy of Louis XIII and his prime minister, Cardinal Richelieu. Closer attention to the actual historical contexts and the identities of the noble dancers involved with respect to some of the lavish burlesque ballets performed at court by the king and select group of nobles offers ways of rethinking the politics and meanings of burlesque performance to take into account the ways that the burlesque developed within court and noble cultural institutions and practices. The burlesque register and style in France can be situated within the context of libertine literary culture and its intersection with noblemen who moved between mondain and court circles in the early seventeenth century. The lavish burlesque ballets produced at court between 1625 and 1635 involved carefully chosen members of the nobility who danced alongside the king, each other, and professional dancers. Even a brief examination of three ballets from this period – Fees des forets de Saint-Germain, Grand bal de la Douairiere de Billebahaut, and Ballet des Triomphes – demonstrates that the court ballet organisers for these royal ballets were fully aware of tensions among different political factions; role assignments and ballet texts and para-texts suggest that these ballets provided a space for ongoing subtle, but consistent assertion of royal power and prerogatives, even when cast in the guise of play and recreation.","PeriodicalId":231928,"journal":{"name":"Études Épistémè","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133227839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Études ÉpistémèPub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.4000/episteme.11620
Vanessa Alayrac-Fielding
{"title":"“Sorting out a Pack of Cards”: Gambling, Card-Playing and Figuring Credit and Social Identity in Georgian England","authors":"Vanessa Alayrac-Fielding","doi":"10.4000/episteme.11620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/episteme.11620","url":null,"abstract":"In the eighteenth century, gambling was the object of many moralising discourses, in essays, plays, newspaper publications and novels, as well as in the visual arts, denouncing the potentially fatal consequences of such an addiction on family fortunes. Gambling also served as a metaphor to describe the new economy’s credit system, leading to the development of a textual and visual rhetoric founded on card-playing imagery. This article explores the use of the image of cards and card games as a trope to discuss the period’s economic transformations and to define social and political identities of public male and female figures, men and women alike. The satirical representations of Charles James Fox and Georgiana Cavendish, two notorious gamblers (and friends), in the shape of playing cards, will be discussed in connection to their gambling addiction and political engagement. Lastly, the image of card-playing will be examined in the dual representation of female gamblers as victims or agents.","PeriodicalId":231928,"journal":{"name":"Études Épistémè","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116247145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Études ÉpistémèPub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.4000/episteme.9769
Christophe Martin
{"title":"Fontenelle : jouer et philosopher","authors":"Christophe Martin","doi":"10.4000/episteme.9769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/episteme.9769","url":null,"abstract":"Comme interlocuteur de Leibniz, comme lecteur assidu (et sourdement polemique) de Pascal, et comme lointain heritier d’Epicure, Fontenelle a toutes les raisons de ne pas meconnaitre l’importance morale et philosophique du jeu. De fait, la pensee de Fontenelle rencontre la question du jeu selon diverses modalites. En un sens litteral, Fontenelle aborde le jeu comme objet de reflexion mathematique et philosophique, en particulier a l’occasion de son Eloge de M. de Montmort, ce dernier s’etant employe a appliquer l’arithmetique moderne a l’analyse des jeux de hasard. Si les remarques de Fontenelle peuvent sembler relativement peripheriques dans son œuvre, l’analyse qu’il propose de « l’esprit du jeu » ouvre en realite a des enjeux centraux de sa pratique philosophique. Entendu comme paradigme, le jeu est en effet, pour Fontenelle, l’embleme d’une philosophie accordant une place essentielle a l’enjouement et au badinage. Il est aussi le paradigme d’une certaine idee du bonheur que Fontenelle lie explicitement a la pratique du calcul dans le jeu de hasard : car « la sagesse doit toujours avoir les jetons a la main ». Enfin, la conception fontenellienne de l’univers ainsi que sa cosmologie laissent discerner l’idee d’un ludisme universel a l’œuvre dans la nature, en rupture avec la conception providentialiste d’un grand dessein cache et d’un ordre eternel.","PeriodicalId":231928,"journal":{"name":"Études Épistémè","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117214485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Études ÉpistémèPub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.4000/episteme.9589
L. Cottegnies, Louise Fang
{"title":"Foreword: Playing, Gambling and Cheating in Early Modern England and France","authors":"L. Cottegnies, Louise Fang","doi":"10.4000/episteme.9589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/episteme.9589","url":null,"abstract":"Far from being a purely incidental aspect of daily life in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, gambling and games of chance sparked heated controversies on both sides of the Channel throughout the period. The engagement of these activities with money, well studied by historians, made them objects of considerable concern. Gambling, any form of gambling, was seen as an activity that favoured cheating and suspicious, illicit transfers of money. Because of their heavy reliance chance, all profits resulting from games of hazard could potentially be considered a form of theft according to Puritan moralists. Gambling was more generally the target of invectives from religious authorities from all quarters, who were wary of this emerging parallel economy, and from many moralists who sometimes called for its outright ban. The debts and resulting impoverishment caused by gaming also worried public authorities. It is therefore not surprising that the social phenomenon of gambling became such a widespread motif in the literature and iconography of the period. The present collection of articles has grown out of a regular seminar on games and gaming held in 2019 and 2020, and an international conference on cheating and gambling in the early modern period held at Sorbonne Universite in September 2020.","PeriodicalId":231928,"journal":{"name":"Études Épistémè","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126516990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Études ÉpistémèPub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.4000/episteme.11534
S. Chaudhuri
{"title":"The Game’s the Thing: Politics and Play in Middleton’s A Game at Chess","authors":"S. Chaudhuri","doi":"10.4000/episteme.11534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/episteme.11534","url":null,"abstract":"Readings of Middleton’s A Game at Chess have tended to focus on its political and historical implications, viewing the chess game itself as an allegorical device that simply presents itself for decoding. Using some insights from Clifford Geertz, this essay makes the game central to a reading of the play. It asks how the game of chess, serving as a fictional space within which characters gamble and cheat for high stakes, operates in relation to its vehicle, Middleton’s play, itself a high-risk enterprise in a political field where art has a stake, but one whose value is never entirely quantifiable. The implicit distinction between a ‘real’ world of political machinations and rivalries where playwrights can be put in prison for commenting on public affairs, and the play-world that occupies the stage or the chessboard is not as straightforward as it appears, since games also take up space in the world, a contested space with ill-defined boundaries. By putting the resources of early modern theatre and its assembling of theatrical publics to use in representing Anglo-Spanish political conflicts, Middleton’s play even anticipates some of the charged, tension-laden atmosphere of a face-off between two opposed ‘sides’ that is characteristic both of modern sport and of modern politics. In both, cheating and gambling have important roles to play.","PeriodicalId":231928,"journal":{"name":"Études Épistémè","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126521622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Études ÉpistémèPub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.4000/episteme.9834
Beth Cortese
{"title":"Gambling with Women, Estates and Status in Long Eighteenth Century-Comedy","authors":"Beth Cortese","doi":"10.4000/episteme.9834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/episteme.9834","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses gambling and inheritance as two types of property transfer presented on the long eighteenth-century stage and investigates the relationship each has with gender and social status. Comparing Aphra Behn’s The Lucky Chance (1685) with Susanna Centlivre’s The Basset Table (1705), I show the different attitudes exhibited toward gambling from the aristocratic male and female, and the middle-class female gambler. I argue that gambling provided individuals, and in particular married women, with a different relationship to property, enabling them to participate in the credit economy, manipulating their position as their husband’s property under coverture to transfer debt to their husband as an alternative form of inheritance.","PeriodicalId":231928,"journal":{"name":"Études Épistémè","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130506504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}