Toxicology and applied pharmacology最新文献

Hesperidin attenuates radiation-induced ovarian failure in rats: Emphasis on TLR-4/NF-ĸB signaling pathway 橙皮甙可减轻辐射诱导的大鼠卵巢功能衰竭：强调TLR-4/NF-ĸB信号通路

IF 3.3 3区医学

Toxicology and applied pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117111

{"title":"Hesperidin attenuates radiation-induced ovarian failure in rats: Emphasis on TLR-4/NF-ĸB signaling pathway","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Young women suffering from premature ovarian failure after radiotherapy carry a huge burden in the field of cancer therapy including reproductive loss, emotional stress, and physical troubles that reduce their long-term quality of life. Hesperidin (HSP) exhibited antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. HSP enhanced in vitro follicular maturation and preserved in vivo ovarian stockpile. In this research, the role of HSP in radiation-induced POF in rats was investigated besides ascertaining its underlying mechanisms. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were arbitrarily allocated into four groups: control-group, ϒ-irradiated-group (3.2 Gy once on the 7th day), HSP-group (100 mg/kg, orally for 10 days), and HSP/ϒ-irradiated-group (ϒ-radiation was applied one hour after HSP). At the end of experiment, the whole ovaries were collected for histological and biochemical analyses. Administration of HSP preserved the ovarian histoarchitecture and follicular stock, retained ovarian weight, and conserved serum estradiol and AMH levels following radiation exposure. HSP ameliorated the ovarian oxidative damage mediated by radiation through augmenting the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalase antioxidant enzymes. HSP exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory activity by downregulating the expression of ovarian TLR-4, NF-ĸB, and TNF-α. Moreover, HSP suppressed the apoptotic machinery triggered by radiation by reducing p53 and Bax while increasing Bcl-2 mRNA expressions alongside diminishing caspase-3 expression. Additionally, HSP regulated estrous cycle disorder of irradiated rats and improved their reproductive capacity reflected by enhancing pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, HSP represents an appealing candidate as an adjunct remedy for female cancer patients during radiotherapy protocols owing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and hormone-regulatory effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23174,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and applied pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human trophoblast organoids for improved prediction of placental ABC transporter-mediated drug transport 人类滋养层有机体用于改进对胎盘 ABC 转运体介导的药物转运的预测

IF 3.3 3区医学

Toxicology and applied pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117112

{"title":"Human trophoblast organoids for improved prediction of placental ABC transporter-mediated drug transport","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, the important transmembrane efflux transporters, play an irreplaceable role in the placenta barrier. The disposition and drug-drug interaction of clinical drugs are also closely related to the functions of ABC transporters. The trophoblast is a unique feature of the placenta, which is crucial for normal placentation and maintenance during pregnancy. ABC transporters are abundantly expressed in placental syncytiotrophoblast, especially P-gp, BCRP, and MRPs. However, due to the lack of appropriate modeling systems, the molecular mechanisms of regulation between ABC transporters and trophoblast remains unclear. In this report, trophoblast organoids were cultured from human placental villi and developed into three-dimension structures with cavities. Trophoblast organoids exhibited transporter expression and localization comparable to that in villous tissue, indicating their physiological relevance for modeling drug transport. Moreover, fluorescent substrates can accumulate in organoids and be selectively inhibited by inhibitors, indicating the efflux function of ABC transporters (P-gp, BCRP, MRP1, and MRP2) in organoids. Two commonly used hypertension drugs and three antipsychotics were chosen to further validate this drug transport model and demonstrate varying degrees of inhibitory effects on ABC transporters. Overall, a new drug transport model mediated by ABC transporter has been successfully established based on human trophoblast organoids, which can be used to study drug transport in the placenta.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23174,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and applied pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protective effects of alpinetin against interleukin-1β-exposed nucleus pulposus cells: Involvement of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway in a cellular model of intervertebral disc degeneration 羊胎素对暴露于白细胞介素-1β的髓核细胞的保护作用椎间盘退化细胞模型中 TLR4/MyD88 通路的参与

IF 3.3 3区医学

Toxicology and applied pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117110

{"title":"Protective effects of alpinetin against interleukin-1β-exposed nucleus pulposus cells: Involvement of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway in a cellular model of intervertebral disc degeneration","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) causes a variety of symptoms such as low back pain, disc herniation, and spinal stenosis, which can lead to high social and economic costs. Alpinetin has an anti-inflammatory potential, but its effect on IDD is unclear. Herein, we investigated the effect of alpinetin on IDD. To mimic an <em>in vitro</em> model of IDD, nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) were exposed to interleukin 1β (IL-1β). The viability of NPCs was assessed by CCK-8 assay. The expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88), aggrecan, collagen-2, and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) was examined by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The protein levels of B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated protein X (Bax), and cleaved caspase-3 were scrutinized by western blotting. The flow cytometry assay was performed to assess apoptosis of NPCs. The contents of inflammatory factors were examined by ELISA kits. Results showed that alpinetin repressed IL-1β-tempted activation of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway and apoptosis in NPCs. Alpinetin alleviated IL-1β-tempted inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in NPCs. Moreover, alpinetin lessened IL-1β-tempted extracellular matrix (ECM) degeneration in NPCs by enhancing the expression of aggrecan and collagen-2 and reducing the expression of MMP-3. The effects of alpinetin on IL-1β-exposed NPCs were neutralized by TLR4 upregulation. In conclusion, alpinetin repressed IL-1β-tempted apoptosis, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and ECM degradation in NPCs through the inactivation of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23174,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and applied pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strengths and limitations of the worm development and activity test (wDAT) as a chemical screening tool for developmental hazards 蠕虫发育和活动试验（wDAT）作为发育危害化学筛选工具的优势和局限性

IF 3.3 3区医学

Toxicology and applied pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117108

{"title":"Strengths and limitations of the worm development and activity test (wDAT) as a chemical screening tool for developmental hazards","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The worm Development and Activity Test (wDAT) measures <em>C. elegans</em> developmental milestone acquisition timing and stage-specific spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA). Previously, the wDAT identified developmental delays and SLA level changes in <em>C. elegans</em> with mammalian developmental toxicants arsenic, lead, and mercury. 5-fluorouracil (5FU), cyclophosphamide (CP), hydroxyurea (HU), and ribavirin (RV) are teratogens that also induce growth retardation in developing mammals. In at least some studies on each of these chemicals, fetal weight reductions were seen at mammalian exposures below those that had teratogenic effects, suggesting that screening for developmental delay in a small alternative whole-animal model could act as a general toxicity endpoint to identify chemicals for further testing for more specific adverse developmental outcomes. Consistent with mammalian developmental effects, 5FU, HU, and RV were associated with developmental delays with the wDAT. Exposures associated with developmental delay induced hypoactivity with 5FU and HU, but slight hyperactivity with RV. CP is a prodrug that requires bioactivation by cytochrome P450s for both therapeutic and toxic effects. CP tests as a false negative in several <em>in vitro</em> assays, and it was also a false negative with the wDAT. These results suggest that the wDAT has the potential to identify some developmental toxicants, and that a positive wDAT result with an unknown may warrant further testing in mammals. Further assessment with larger panels of positive and negative controls will help qualify the applicability and utility of this <em>C. elegans</em> wDAT assay within toxicity test batteries or weight of evidence approaches for developmental toxicity assessment<strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":23174,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and applied pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow a on thioacetamide-induced liver injury and osteopenia in zebrafish 羟基红花黄色素对硫代乙酰胺诱导的斑马鱼肝损伤和骨质疏松的保护作用

IF 3.3 3区医学

Toxicology and applied pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117109

{"title":"Protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow a on thioacetamide-induced liver injury and osteopenia in zebrafish","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is the main water-soluble compound of safflower. It is commonly used in liver disease treatment and has anti-osteoporotic activity. However, the specific mechanism of HSYA is not yet fully understood. Thioacetamide (TAA) has toxic effects on the liver and is widely used in establishing animal models of cirrhosis and liver fibrosis. In research of liver-related diseases and bone deformation in vivo, the zebrafish has become a frequently utilized animal model. In establishing a TAA-induced zebrafish liver injury model, we found that TAA-induced zebrafish also developed osteopenia. The aim of our study is to investigate the protective effect of HSYA on TAA-induced liver injury and osteopenia in zebrafish. The findings demonstrated that HSYA alleviated hepatic oxidative stress, inhibited the release of inflammatory factors, and promoted in vivo skeletal mineralization in zebrafish larvae. Further Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Western blotting analyses showed that HSYA altered the expression levels of SIRT1, HMGB1, TLR4, MYD88 and NF-ΚB, ameliorated TAA-induced liver injury, reduced the release of inflammation-related factors IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, regulated the ratio of RANKL/OPG, ameliorated TAA-induced osteopenia. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that HSYA exhibited a noteworthy beneficial influence on TAA-induced liver injury and osteopenia in zebrafish, this finding provide a foundation for the application of HSYA in clinical research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23174,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and applied pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The downregulation of TREM2 exacerbates toxicity of development and neurobehavior induced by aluminum chloride and nano-alumina in adult zebrafish TREM2 的下调会加剧氯化铝和纳米氧化铝对成年斑马鱼发育和神经行为的毒性。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Toxicology and applied pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117107

{"title":"The downregulation of TREM2 exacerbates toxicity of development and neurobehavior induced by aluminum chloride and nano-alumina in adult zebrafish","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To investigate the difference in the development and neurobehavior between aluminum chloride (AlCl<sub>3</sub>) and nano-alumina (AlNPs) in adult zebrafish and the role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM2) in this process. Zebrafish embryos were randomly administered with control, negative control, TREM2 knockdown, AlCl<sub>3</sub>, TREM2 knockdown + AlCl<sub>3</sub>, AlNPs, and TREM2 knockdown + AlNPs, wherein AlCl<sub>3</sub> and AlNPs were 50 mg/L and TREM2 knockdown was achieved by microinjecting lentiviral-containing TREM2 inhibitors into the yolk sac. We assessed development, neurobehavior, histopathology, ultrastructural structure, neurotransmitters (AChE, DA), SOD, genes of TREM2 and neurodevelopment (α1-tubulin, syn2a, mbp), and AD-related proteins and genes. AlCl<sub>3</sub> significantly lowered the malformation rate than AlNPs, and further increased rates of malformation and mortality following TREM2 knockdown. The locomotor ability, learning and memory were similar between AlCl<sub>3</sub> and AlNPs. TREM2 deficiency further exacerbated their impairment in panic reflex, microglia decrease, and nerve fibers thickening and tangling. AlCl<sub>3</sub>, rather than AlNPs, significantly elevated AChE activity and p-tau content while decreasing TREM2 and syn2a levels than the control. TREM2 loss further aggravated impairment in the AChE and SOD activity, and psen1 and p-tau levels. Therefore, AlCl<sub>3</sub> induces greater developmental toxicity but equivalent neurobehavior toxicity than AlNPs, while their toxicity was intensified by TREM2 deficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23174,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and applied pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Azoospermia and multi-organ damage in juvenile rats exposed to α-Terpineol from weaning to sexual maturity 从断奶到性成熟期间暴露于 α-松油醇的幼鼠的无精子症和多器官损伤

IF 3.3 3区医学

Toxicology and applied pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117106

{"title":"Azoospermia and multi-organ damage in juvenile rats exposed to α-Terpineol from weaning to sexual maturity","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to evaluate the repeated oral administration of α-terpineol in juvenile Wistar rats over a 70-day period. The objective was to assess the potential systemic and reproductive toxicity of α-terpineol when administered by gavage at doses of 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg/day to juvenile Wistar rats for 70 days from postnatal day 24. The control group received corn oil for 70 days. During the study, various parameters were evaluated, including clinical signs, body weight, food intake, neurobehavioral observations, haematology, serum biochemistry, organ weights, steroidogenic gene expression, and histopathological examination. No toxicity-related changes were observed in body weight, food intake, neurobehavioral observations, or steroidogenic gene expression. However, sperm evaluation revealed a complete absence of sperm and delayed sexual maturation. Total cholesterol was significantly elevated in both sexes, and serum testosterone was reduced at the 150 and 300 mg/kg doses. Microscopic examination showed severe pathological changes in the testes, epididymis, liver, and kidneys of both males and females. After the 14-day recovery period, total cholesterol levels returned to the normal range, but no recovery was observed in the other organs. The no-observed-adverse-effect level was 75 mg/kg/day for male rats based on the histopathological findings in the testes, liver, and kidneys, and for female rats based on the kidney and liver histopathology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23174,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and applied pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wogonin induces mitochondrial apoptosis and synergizes with venetoclax in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma Wogonin 可诱导弥漫大 B 细胞淋巴瘤线粒体凋亡并与 Venetoclax 协同作用

IF 3.3 3区医学

Toxicology and applied pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117103

{"title":"Wogonin induces mitochondrial apoptosis and synergizes with venetoclax in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is among the most aggressive hematological malignancies and patients are commonly treated with combinatorial immunochemotherapies such as R-CHOP. Till now, the prognoses are still variable and unsatisfactory, depending on the molecular subtype and the treatment response. Developing effective and tolerable new agents is always urgently needed, and compounds from a natural source have gained increasing attentions. Wogonin is an active flavonoid extracted from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine <em>Scutellaria baicalensis</em> Georgi and has shown extensive antitumor potentials. However, the therapeutic effect of wogonin on DLBCL remains unknown. Here, we found that treatment with wogonin dose- and time-dependently reduced the viability in a panel of established DLBCL cell lines. The cytotoxicity of wogonin was mediated through apoptosis induction, along with the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the downregulation of BCL-2, MCL-1, and BCL-xL. In terms of the mechanism, wogonin inhibited the PI3K and MAPK pathways, as evidenced by the clear decline in the phosphorylation of AKT, GSK3β, S6, ERK, and P38. Furthermore, the combination of wogonin and the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax elicited synergistically enhanced killing effect on DLBCL cells regardless of their molecular subtypes. Finally, administration of wogonin significantly impeded the progression of the DLBCL tumor in a xenograft animal model without obvious side effects. Taken together, the present study suggests a promising potential of wogonin in the treatment of DLBCL patients either as monotherapy or an adjuvant for venetoclax-based combinations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23174,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and applied pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From computational prediction to experimental validation: Hesperidin's anti-Urolithiatic activity in sodium oxalate-induced urolithiasis models in fruit flies and mice 从计算预测到实验验证：橙皮甙在草酸钠诱导的果蝇和小鼠尿石症模型中的抗尿石症活性

IF 3.3 3区医学

Toxicology and applied pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117104

{"title":"From computational prediction to experimental validation: Hesperidin's anti-Urolithiatic activity in sodium oxalate-induced urolithiasis models in fruit flies and mice","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.taap.2024.117104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Kidney stones have been a long-standing health issue, contributing to renal failure, especially in co-morbid patients. There is an increasing interest in exploring natural compounds with anti-urolithiatic properties. Our study utilized <em>in-silico</em> techniques followed by <em>in vivo</em> experiments to evaluate the anti-urolithiatic potential of selected phytoconstituents. Molecular docking studies were conducted on 11 different targets, including inhibitors of kidney stone formation, antioxidant enzymes, and biomarkers of kidney injury, to explore the potential of anti-urolithiatic effects of 38 phytoconstituents from medicinal plants possessing diuretic activity. Further, the anti-urolithiatic activity of the phytoconstituent was evaluated using a sodium oxalate-induced urolithiatic fruit fly and mouse model. Hesperidin emerged as a promising candidate, exhibiting binding interactions with a specific set of 11 target proteins involved in crystal formation with minimal free energy. Hesperidin demonstrated promising anti-urolithiatic potential in mitigating urolithiasis as evidenced by reduced crystal covered area of Malpighian tubules of fruit fly and reduced blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine and serum sodium, potassium levels in mice. Moreover, it increased urine volume, preventing crystal deposition, and reduced urine urea nitrogen, creatinine, sodium, and potassium levels, enhancing urine flow and preventing crystal accumulation. Histopathological analysis further supported its efficacy by showing minimal crystal deposition and reduced kidney damage. Hesperidin exhibited superior effectiveness in reducing various serum and urine parameters, making it promising alternatives for urolithiasis management warranting further investigation to determine its safety and optimal dosages in human.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23174,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and applied pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142270449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to "Effects of a spiroketal compound Peniciketal A and its molecular mechanisms on growth inhibition in human leukemia" [Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2019, 1:366:1-9]. 对 "一种螺酮化合物Peniciketal A及其分子机制对人类白血病生长抑制的影响 "的更正[《毒理学与应用药理学》，2019，1:366:1-9]。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Toxicology and applied pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117105

Xue Gao, Yuming Zhou, Hongliu Sun, Desheng Liu, Jing Zhang, Junru Zhang, Weizhong Liu, Xiaohong Pan

引用次数: 0