Toxicology and Industrial Health最新文献_第10页

The role of Kupffer cell activation in immune liver damage induced by trichloroethylene associated with the IFN-γ/STAT1 signaling pathway. Kupffer细胞激活在IFN-γ/STAT1信号通路相关的三氯乙烯诱导的免疫性肝损伤中的作用

IF 1.9 4区医学

Toxicology and Industrial Health Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231189605

Si-Fan Zhou, Qiong-Ying Xu, Yi Yang, Hai-Bo Xie, Jia-Xiang Zhang, Qi-Xing Zhu

{"title":"The role of Kupffer cell activation in immune liver damage induced by trichloroethylene associated with the IFN-γ/STAT1 signaling pathway.","authors":"Si-Fan Zhou, Qiong-Ying Xu, Yi Yang, Hai-Bo Xie, Jia-Xiang Zhang, Qi-Xing Zhu","doi":"10.1177/07482337231189605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07482337231189605","url":null,"abstract":"Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a metal detergent commonly used in industry that can enter the human body through the respiratory tract and skin, causing occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis due to TCE (OMDT) and multiple organ damage, including liver failure. However, the pathogenesis of liver injury remains unclear. Kupffer cells (KCs) are important tissue macrophages in the body because the polarization of KCs plays a crucial role in immune-mediated liver injury. However, the mechanism of KCs polarization in TCE-induced immune liver injury has not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of TCE-induced KCs polarization on liver function and signal transduction pathways using the TCE sensitization model developed by our group. BALB/c mouse skin was exposed to TCE for sensitization, and an increase in the expression of M1 macrophage-specific markers (CD16/CD32, iNOS), M1 macrophage-specific cytokines IL-1β, and IFN-γ, P-JAK-1 and P-STAT1 levels were also found to be dramatically increased. When using low doses of gadolinium trichloride (GdCl3), the expression of these proteins and mRNA was significantly reduced. This phenomenon indicates that GdCl3 blocks TCE-induced polarization of KCs and suggests that the IFN-γ/STAT1 signaling pathway may be involved in the polarization process of KCs. These findings clarify the relationship between the polarization of KCs and immune liver injury and highlight the importance of further study of immune-mediated liver injury in TCE-sensitized mice.","PeriodicalId":23171,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and Industrial Health","volume":"39 9","pages":"515-527"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9920972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exposure to MMVF in residential and commercial buildings: A literature review and quantitative synthesis. 住宅和商业建筑中MMVF的暴露：文献综述和定量综合。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Toxicology and Industrial Health Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231187092

Laura H Allen, Natalie Suder Egnot, Hannah Allen, Kathy Chan, Gary Marsh

{"title":"Exposure to MMVF in residential and commercial buildings: A literature review and quantitative synthesis.","authors":"Laura H Allen, Natalie Suder Egnot, Hannah Allen, Kathy Chan, Gary Marsh","doi":"10.1177/07482337231187092","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07482337231187092","url":null,"abstract":"Man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF) are a class of inorganic fibrous materials that include glass and mineral wools, continuous glass filaments, and refractory ceramic fibers valued for their insulative properties in high temperature applications. Potential health effects from occupational exposure to MMVF have been investigated since the 1970s, with focus on incidence of respiratory tract cancer among MMVF-exposed production workers. The general population may experience exposure to MMVF in residential and/or commercial buildings due to deterioration, construction, or other disruption of materials containing these fibers. Numerous studies have characterized potential exposures that may occur during material disruption or installation; however, fewer have aimed to measure background MMVF concentrations in residential and commercial spaces (i.e., non-production settings) to which the general population may be exposed. In this study, we reviewed and synthesized peer-reviewed studies that evaluated respirable MMVF exposure levels in non-production, indoor environments. Among studies that analyzed airborne respirable MMVF concentrations, 110-fold and 1.5-fold differences in estimated concentrations were observed for those studies utilizing phase contrast optical microscopy (PCOM) versus transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. A positive correlation was observed between respirable air concentrations of MMVF and total surface concentrations of MMVF in seldom-cleaned areas. Ultimately, available evidence suggests that both ambient air and surface concentrations of MMVF in indoor environments are consistently lower than exposure limits developed to prevent negative health outcomes among sensitive populations.","PeriodicalId":23171,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and Industrial Health","volume":"39 9","pages":"528-536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10616987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9922410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toxic effects of ship exhaust gas closed-loop scrubber wash water. 船舶废气闭环洗涤器洗涤水的毒性效应。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Toxicology and Industrial Health Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231176593

Zhiyi Ji, Yunqi Yang, Ying Zhu, Yun Ling, Dezhang Ren, Nahui Zhang, Zhibao Huo

{"title":"Toxic effects of ship exhaust gas closed-loop scrubber wash water.","authors":"Zhiyi Ji, Yunqi Yang, Ying Zhu, Yun Ling, Dezhang Ren, Nahui Zhang, Zhibao Huo","doi":"10.1177/07482337231176593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07482337231176593","url":null,"abstract":"To meet the strict requirements of reducing sulfur emissions, an increasing number of commercial ships have installed exhaust gas cleaning systems (EGCSs). However, wash water produced during the cleaning process is discharged back to the marine environment. We investigated the effects of closed-loop scrubber (natrium-alkali method) wash water on three trophic species. Severe toxic effects were found when Dunaliella salina, Mysidopsis bahia, and Mugilogobius chulae were exposed to 0.63-6.25, 0.63-10, and 1.25-20% concentrations of wash water, respectively. The 50% effective concentration in 96 h (EC50-96 h) for D. salina was 2.48%, and the corresponding total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals were 22.81 and 23.67 μg L-1. The 50% lethal concentration in 7 d (LC50-7 d) values for M. bahia and M. chulae were 3.57% and 20.50%, respectively. The lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) values for M. bahia and M. chulae were 1.25% and 2.5%, respectively, and the corresponding total PAHs and heavy metals were 11.50 and 11.93 and 22.99 and 23.86 μg L-1. M. bahia's body weight was negatively correlated with the amount of wash water. Low concentrations of wash water (0-5%) had no significant effect on the reproduction of M. bahia. Although concentrations of 16 PAHs and 8 heavy metals are known, different compounds might react with each other and form more unknown toxic substances, and the measured toxicity comes from synergistic effects between various pollutants. Therefore, future work is needed to clarify other more toxic contaminants in wash water. We highly recommend that wash water be treated before being discharged to the marine environment.","PeriodicalId":23171,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and Industrial Health","volume":"39 9","pages":"491-503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9915075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hematotoxicity induced by simultaneous exposure to noise and toluene in New Zealand white rabbits: Synergistic and antagonistic effects. 噪音和甲苯同时暴露对新西兰大白兔的血液毒性:协同和拮抗作用。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Toxicology and Industrial Health Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231180404

Amirreza Abouee-Mehrizi, Yahya Rasoulzadeh, Saeed Solali, Hadi Esmaeilizadeh, Zeynab Iraji, Mehran Mesgari-Abbasi

{"title":"Hematotoxicity induced by simultaneous exposure to noise and toluene in New Zealand white rabbits: Synergistic and antagonistic effects.","authors":"Amirreza Abouee-Mehrizi, Yahya Rasoulzadeh, Saeed Solali, Hadi Esmaeilizadeh, Zeynab Iraji, Mehran Mesgari-Abbasi","doi":"10.1177/07482337231180404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07482337231180404","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to numerous pollutants is prevalent in workplaces. Examination of combined exposure to different harmful physical factors and chemicals has offered new insights into toxicology in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the hematological alterations caused by exposure to noise and toluene. Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were exposed to 1000 ± 50 ppm toluene and/or 100 ± 5 dB noise for 14 consecutive days. Exposure to noise and toluene changed a number of parameters of white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and platelets on different days after the exposure. Simultaneous exposure to noise and toluene increased WBC, and exposure to noise and toluene alone decreased RBC. Exposure to noise and toluene alone increased basophile, monocyte, and neutrophil counts. The coefficient of variation of red blood cell distribution width (RDW-CV) and the standard deviation of red blood cell distribution width (RDW-SD) significantly increased after co-exposure to noise and toluene. Platelet levels increased in the noise-exposed and the co-exposed groups and decreased in the toluene-exposed group. Furthermore, co-exposure to noise and toluene induced dissimilar synergistic and antagonistic effects on the hematological indices. According to the results of this study, simultaneous exposure to toluene and noise can aggravate some hematotoxic effects compared to exposure to noise or toluene alone. The results also demonstrated the vital role of the modulatory mechanisms of the body in controlling the detrimental effects of stressors.","PeriodicalId":23171,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and Industrial Health","volume":"39 8","pages":"451-463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10200562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adverse effects of copper, manganese and mercury, alone and in mixtures on the aorta and heart of Spraque-Dawley rats. 铜、锰和汞单独或混合对大鼠主动脉和心脏的不良影响。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Toxicology and Industrial Health Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231180957

M Janse van Rensburg, M J Bester, M J van Rooy, H M Oberholzer

{"title":"Adverse effects of copper, manganese and mercury, alone and in mixtures on the aorta and heart of Spraque-Dawley rats.","authors":"M Janse van Rensburg, M J Bester, M J van Rooy, H M Oberholzer","doi":"10.1177/07482337231180957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07482337231180957","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a common global cause of death and are therefore a major health concern. Inhaled or ingested environmental heavy metals contribute to the development of CVD. The aim of this study was to address the limited information available on the effect of relevant dosages of metals in mixtures. Three metals with reported effects on the cardiovascular system (CVS) were identified, and these metals were copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and mercury (Hg). In Sprague-Dawley rats, the adverse effects of copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and mercury (Hg), alone and as part of mixtures, on the blood parameters, the aorta and heart were investigated. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 6): control, Cu, Mn, Hg, Cu + Mn, Cu + Hg, Mn + Hg and Cu, Mn + Hg. The seven experimental groups received the metal mixtures at 100 times the World Health Organisation (WHO) safety limit for drinking water (2 mg/L for Cu, 0.4 mg/L for Mn and 0.06 mg/L for Hg) via oral gavage for 28 days. After 28 days, compared with the control, red blood cell levels were increased for Cu + Hg. All other measured blood parameters were unchanged. Morphological changes in the tunica media were connective tissue deposition and an abundance of collagen type I in the metal exposed aortic tissues. In the cardiac tissue of metal-exposed rats, changes in the cardiomyocyte and myofibrillar arrangement, with an increase in collagen type I and III was observed. Ultrastructurally, the aortic collagen and elastin band arrangement and the cardiac mitochondrial and myofibrillar arrangement and structures were altered in the experimental groups. These changes indicated that exposure to these metals in rats caused minor changes in the blood parameters, however, the changes in tissue and cellular structure indicated an increased risk for the development of CVD.","PeriodicalId":23171,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and Industrial Health","volume":"39 8","pages":"421-440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9842317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate occupational exposure data in industry (1998-2020): A descriptive summary from an industrial hygiene perspective. 工业中亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯职业暴露数据(1998-2020):从工业卫生角度的描述性总结。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Toxicology and Industrial Health Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231176604

Mark W Spence, Patrick M Plehiers, Angel George, Jeanne Hankett

{"title":"Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate occupational exposure data in industry (1998-2020): A descriptive summary from an industrial hygiene perspective.","authors":"Mark W Spence, Patrick M Plehiers, Angel George, Jeanne Hankett","doi":"10.1177/07482337231176604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07482337231176604","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of airborne methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) concentrations in workplaces across North America and Europe. A total of 7649 samples were collected between 1998 and 2020 by producers of MDI during product stewardship activities at customer sites, primarily using validated OSHA or ISO sampling and analysis techniques. As would be expected from the low vapor pressure of MDI, 80% of the concentrations were less than 0.01 mg/m3 (1 ppb) and 93% were less than 0.05 mg/m3 (5 ppb). Respiratory protection is an integral part of Industrial Hygiene practices; therefore, its use was studied and summarized. While covering a variety of MDI applications, a large number of samples was obtained from composite wood manufacturing facilities, offering specific insight into potential exposures associated with different process sections and job types in this industry sector. Given the potential presence in industrial processes of MDI-containing dust or aerosols, future work should place increased emphasis on also investigating dermal exposure. The data reported in this paper provide valuable information for product stewardship and industrial hygiene purposes throughout the MDI-processing industry.","PeriodicalId":23171,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and Industrial Health","volume":"39 8","pages":"407-420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/16/26/10.1177_07482337231176604.PMC10359961.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9855774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of sodium para-aminosalicylic acid on chelation treatment in Pb-exposed mice. 对氨基水杨酸钠对铅暴露小鼠螯合治疗的影响。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Toxicology and Industrial Health Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231183208

Yan Li, Yuan Liang, Yuan-Yuan Fang, Jing Chen, Xiao-Wei Zheng, Wu-Wang Zhou, Li-Li Lu, Michael Aschner, Shi-Yan Ou, Yue-Ming Jiang

{"title":"Effects of sodium para-aminosalicylic acid on chelation treatment in Pb-exposed mice.","authors":"Yan Li, Yuan Liang, Yuan-Yuan Fang, Jing Chen, Xiao-Wei Zheng, Wu-Wang Zhou, Li-Li Lu, Michael Aschner, Shi-Yan Ou, Yue-Ming Jiang","doi":"10.1177/07482337231183208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07482337231183208","url":null,"abstract":"Lead (Pb) is a corrosion-resistant, heavy, non-ferrous metal. Several metal chelators have been used for the treatment of Pb poisoning. However, the efficacy of sodium para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS-Na) in enhancing Pb excretion has yet to be fully characterized. Healthy male mice (90) were divided into six groups, the normal control group was intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with saline and the remaining group of mice i.p. 120 mg/kg Pb acetate. Four hour later, mice were subcutaneously (back) injected (s.c.) with (80, 160, 240 mg/kg) PAS-Na or 240 mg/kg edetate calcium disodium (CaNa2EDTA) or an equivalent amount of saline, once per day for 6 days. After 24-h urine sample collections, the animals were anesthetized with 5% chloral hydrate and sacrificed in batches on the 2nd, 4th, or 6th day. Levels of Pb [including manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu)] in the urine, whole blood, and brain tissues were analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed that Pb exposure increased its levels in urine and blood, and PAS-Na treatment may afford antagonistic effect on Pb poisoning, suggesting that PAS-Na is a potentially effective treatment to promote excretion of Pb.","PeriodicalId":23171,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and Industrial Health","volume":"39 8","pages":"464-470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9846469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histological changes in liver and kidney of male mice by age after exposure to aluminum chloride. 氯化铝接触后不同年龄雄性小鼠肝脏和肾脏的组织学变化。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Toxicology and Industrial Health Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231180955

Yulia Irnidayanti, Dian Fatona, Vina Rizkawati

{"title":"Histological changes in liver and kidney of male mice by age after exposure to aluminum chloride.","authors":"Yulia Irnidayanti, Dian Fatona, Vina Rizkawati","doi":"10.1177/07482337231180955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07482337231180955","url":null,"abstract":"The informal aluminum industry is increasingly widespread in low- and middle-income countries, especially in Indonesia. Aluminum exposure is a serious public health problem, especially among workers in the informal aluminum foundry sector. Research on aluminum (Al) is important to advance our understanding of its impact on physiological systems. Here, we investigated the effect of exposure to aluminum longitudinal histological changes on the liver and kidneys of male mice. Mice were separated into six groups (4/group): group 1, group 2, group 3 received vehicles, and group 4, group 5, group 6 were administered a single dose of Al at 200 mg/kg b.w. by intraperitoneally every 3 days for 4 weeks. Post-sacrifice, kidneys and liver were isolated for examination. While Al did not impact the body weight gain of male mice across all groups, it caused liver damage including sinusoidal dilatation, enlarged central veins, vacuolar degeneration, and pyknotic nuclei in one-month-old mice. Furthermore, atrophied glomeruli, blood-filled spaces, and disintegration of renal tubular epithelium are evident at one-month-age. By contrast, sinusoidal dilatation and enlarged central veins were found in mice two- and three-months-old, including hemorrhage in mice (two-month-old) and atrophy of glomeruli. Lastly, the kidneys of three-month-old mice displayed interstitial fibrosis and increasing mesenchyme in the glomeruli. In summary, we demonstrated that Al provoked histological changes in the liver and kidneys with Al-treated 1-month mice being the most susceptible.","PeriodicalId":23171,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and Industrial Health","volume":"39 8","pages":"441-450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9839777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does exposure to ammonia concentrations lower than the threshold limit value cause acute pulmonary effects? 暴露于低于阈值的氨浓度是否会引起急性肺效应?

IF 1.9 4区医学

Toxicology and Industrial Health Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231185463

Ahmad Soltanzadeh, Seyyed Hassan Adeli, Mohsen Sadeghi Yarandi, Hamidreza Heidari, Mohsen Mahdinia

{"title":"Does exposure to ammonia concentrations lower than the threshold limit value cause acute pulmonary effects?","authors":"Ahmad Soltanzadeh, Seyyed Hassan Adeli, Mohsen Sadeghi Yarandi, Hamidreza Heidari, Mohsen Mahdinia","doi":"10.1177/07482337231185463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07482337231185463","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major toxic effects of exposure to ammonia is the resulting pulmonary acute and chronic effects. This study investigated the acute pulmonary effects of exposure to ammonia lower than the recommended threshold limit value (TLV). This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 in four chemical fertilizer production industries using ammonia as the main raw material. A total of 116 workers who were exposed to ammonia were investigated. The level of exposure to ammonia was measured by NMAM 6016, and the evaluation of pulmonary symptoms and function parameters was done using the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society protocols in four sessions. The paired-sample t-test, repeated measures test, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact test were run to analyze the collected data. The prevalence rates of pulmonary symptoms, including cough, dyspnea, phlegm, and wheezing, were 24.14, 17.24, 14.66, and 16.38%, respectively, after one exposure shift. It was observed that all pulmonary function parameters were reduced after one exposure shift to ammonia. The results revealed that the parameters of vital capacity, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), the FEV1/FVC ratio, and peak expiratory flow significantly decreased (p < 0.05) across four exposure shifts. The findings indicated that exposure to ammonia at concentrations lower than one-fifth of TLV could bring about acute pulmonary effects and reduce pulmonary function parameters, similar to the pattern observed in obstructive pulmonary diseases.","PeriodicalId":23171,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and Industrial Health","volume":"39 8","pages":"471-479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9843746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of workplace exposure to respirable crystalline silica in road construction industries in Alberta. 评估工作场所暴露于可吸入结晶二氧化硅在艾伯塔省的道路建设行业。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Toxicology and Industrial Health Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231176602

Ariel Couture, Rose Marie Charuvil Elizabeth, Lianne Lefsrud, Fereshteh Sattari

{"title":"Evaluation of workplace exposure to respirable crystalline silica in road construction industries in Alberta.","authors":"Ariel Couture, Rose Marie Charuvil Elizabeth, Lianne Lefsrud, Fereshteh Sattari","doi":"10.1177/07482337231176602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07482337231176602","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) is common for several occupations in construction, not only because of its presence in many handling materials but also in processes such as grinding and sawing. This study investigated workplace exposure to RCS as quartz in industries and occupations within road construction in Alberta through the RCS monitoring database provided by the Alberta Roadbuilders and Heavy Construction Association (ARHCA) between 2007 and 2016. Descriptive statistics were calculated for exposure-related variables, and mixed model analysis was performed to determine factors affecting the exposure levels. Results showed that the highest exposed workers were in the sand and gravel industry (GM = 45 μg/m3). For worker occupations, geometric means ranged from 78 μg/m3 for crusher operators to 10 μg/m3 for concrete truck operators. The maximum exposure severity was 33.3 times the occupational exposure limit (OEL) for the sand and gravel and 31 times the OEL for tower operators. The results also showed the effect of seasonal variability on RCS exposure levels. The heterogeneous exposure results indicated significant room for improvement and that controls should focus more on the activity performed than the occupation to lower exposure to RCS levels in industries.","PeriodicalId":23171,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology and Industrial Health","volume":"39 7","pages":"374-387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10320711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9758955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1