Thrita最新文献

{"title":"Characteristics and Manifestations of Patients with Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis and Factors Associated with Unfavorable Functional Outcomes","authors":"S. Ilkhani, Hanieh Fakhredin, Melikasadt Jameie, Meghdad Hosseini, Ali Amini Harandi, M. Jameie, Delaram Sakhaei, Farhad Assarzadegan, S. Alijanpour","doi":"10.5812/thrita-145402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/thrita-145402","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare cerebrovascular disease that typically affects young females. Objectives: To describe the clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging characteristics of CVST and evaluate the differences in characteristics of patients with unfavorable versus favorable outcomes. Methods: This retrospective study (2007 - 2018) reviewed all consecutive patients with CVST, assessing their demographic, clinical, laboratory, neuroimaging characteristics, and clinical outcomes. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to assess the functional outcomes of patients after a three-month follow-up. Factors affecting patients’ outcomes (favorable [mRS ≤ 2] vs. unfavorable [mRS > 2]) were examined using the Independent t-test and chi-squared test. Results: A total of 141 patients (mean age: 38.15 ± 13.71; female-to-male ratio of 2.28) with CVST were included. Most of the admissions (42.6%) were in the summer. Most patients had a subacute disease onset (66.0%), with headaches being the most frequent manifestation (66.0%). Regular oral contraceptive pill use and fasting were the most frequent clinical risk factors (52.0% and 22.7%, respectively). Different types of inherited thrombophilia (deficiency in protein C, protein S, or antithrombin III) were recorded in nearly 13 to 16% of patients. The lateral transverse sinus (61.7%) and the superior sagittal sinus (45.4%) were the most frequently involved. The mortality rates at discharge and after three months were 4.3% and 8.0%, respectively. In the follow-up assessment, 81.3% of patients showed a favorable outcome [mRS ≤ 2], while 18.7% had an unfavorable outcome. Patients with unfavorable outcomes were significantly older compared to those with favorable outcomes (52 ± 5.81 vs. 35.95 ± 1.42, P = 0.017). Significant associations were observed between admission season (P = 0.020), chief complaint (P = 0.028), course of the disease (P = 0.021), previous thromboembolic events (P = 0.001), and antiphospholipid IgG (P = 0.032). Conclusions: The most prevalent risk factors among patients with CVST were being female, a history of using oral contraceptives, and fasting. Older patients with reduced consciousness, an acute disease course, a history of thromboembolic events, and positive antiphospholipid IgG are more likely to have an unfavorable outcome.","PeriodicalId":23167,"journal":{"name":"Thrita","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141923093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olfactory Ectomesenchymal Stem Cells as a Potential Source in Nerve Tissue Engineering: A Letter","authors":"Mojtaba Kargar, Sara Simorgh","doi":"10.5812/thrita-145005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/thrita-145005","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p/>","PeriodicalId":23167,"journal":{"name":"Thrita","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141828850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct and Indirect Factors Affecting the Forced Swim Test to Investigate the Level of Depression in Rodents","authors":"Mehran Joodaki, Nasrin Hosseini","doi":"10.5812/thrita-144117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/thrita-144117","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The forced swim test (FST) is employed to examine depression and depressive-like behaviors in rodents, such as mice and rats. In this test, increased periods of immobility and decreased swimming by the animal indicate heightened despair and depression-like behaviors. Evidence Acquisition: This review discusses the impacts of the animals' race, gender, age, and weight and environmental factors like light, noise, and smell on the FST. Results: Our review reveals that racial differences in rats and mice can influence their behavior. Differences in the nervous system structure and sex hormones related to gender are also significant. Additionally, animals that are very young or old, and those that are either very overweight or underweight, are unsuitable for the FST. Environmental factors such as light, noise, and smell were identified as confounding factors that could influence the outcomes and compromise the study's reliability. Conclusions: It is essential to consider these factors and enhance the conditions and environment to carry out a standardized test. Furthermore, by acquiring more detailed information about these factors and minimizing or eliminating their effects, studies can yield more reliable results.","PeriodicalId":23167,"journal":{"name":"Thrita","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140263976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on SREBP-1c Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscle in Obese Female Rats","authors":"Mojgan Eftekharzadeh, Sirvan Atashak, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Lida Moradi, Saleh Rahmati-Ahmadabad","doi":"10.5812/thrita-138382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/thrita-138382","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obesity causes skeletal muscle metabolic disorders by altering the expression of the genes involved in lipid metabolism. One of the genes that play an important role in lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle tissue is sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP). Objectives: Since the interacting effect of aerobic exercise and high-fat diet on the expression of this gene has not been well studied, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on the expression of the SREBP-1c gene in skeletal muscle in obese female rats. Methods: Eighteen female Wistar rats in the weight range of 180 - 200 grams were selected and randomly divided into three groups: (1) control fed with a normal diet; (2) control fed with a high-fat diet; and (3) aerobic exercise plus a high-fat diet. The high-fat diet contained 40% fat (20% soybean oil and 20% animal fat), 13% protein, and 47% carbohydrates. The rats were initially fed with a high-fat diet for 6 weeks, and then they performed aerobic exercise on a treadmill 5 times a week for 6 weeks. Forty-eight hours after the last training session and after eleven hours of fasting, the rats were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine. Quadriceps tissues were removed to determine the SREBP-1c gene’s expression by real-time PCR. Results: Feeding with a high-fat diet significantly increased the weight of rats (P = 0.001). The expression of the SREBP-1c gene in the group fed with the high-fat diet decreased significantly compared to the group fed with the normal diet (P = 0.001). Aerobic exercise significantly increased the expression of the SREBP-1c gene in the quadriceps muscle (P = 0.001), contradicting the effect of the high-fat diet on the expression of this gene. Conclusions: Aerobic training may alleviate lipid metabolism disorders in muscles by increasing the expression of the SREBP-1c gene. Therefore, aerobic exercises can be used to contradict the metabolic complications caused by the high-fat diet in skeletal muscles.","PeriodicalId":23167,"journal":{"name":"Thrita","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135831355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Eight Weeks of Home Cardiorespiratory Rehabilitation Exercise on the Cardiac Performance of 40-60-Year-Old Patients with Heart Failure","authors":"Zahra Yousefi Chermahini, Habib Asgharpour, Amir Sobhrakhshan Khan, Neda Aghaei Bahmanbeglou","doi":"10.5812/thrita-138836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/thrita-138836","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rehabilitation can help improve the condition and quality of life of patients with heart failure. Some patients do not have the opportunity to use the rehabilitation services of clinics specifically designed to help them. Objectives: This study investigated the effect of eight weeks of home cardiorespiratory rehabilitation exercise on the cardiac performance of 40-60-year-old patients with heart failure. Methods: Forty-three subjects with heart failure were divided into three groups in a semi-empirical design: Rehabilitation (n = 13), rehabilitation exercise with respiratory exercise (n = 15), and control (n = 15). Resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest, ejection fraction, ventilatory threshold, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) were measured before and after the test. Results: The results indicated no significant effect of cardiorespiratory rehabilitation exercise on the patients' resting heart rate, resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and ventilatory threshold (P > 0.05). However, the respiratory exercise significantly increased the injection fraction and VO2 max. Conclusions: Exercises that can reinforce respiratory muscles can further help patients with heart failure, at least in some cases. More intense and controlled exercises than home exercises may be required to improve cardiovascular performance.","PeriodicalId":23167,"journal":{"name":"Thrita","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75301035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Resistance Training and Phoenix dactylifera L. Extract on DRP1 and MFN1 Protein Expression, and the Apoptotic Status of Rat Liver: A Safe Alternative to Testosterone Injection","authors":"Zahra Alikaei, M. Azarbayjani, S. Atashak, M. Peeri, S. Rahmati-Ahmadabad","doi":"10.5812/thrita-139245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/thrita-139245","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Testosterone enhances athletic performance in men and women, but its consumption has several side effects and is banned from most competitive sports. This study aimed to examine the effect of date palm pollen extracts (DPPE or Phoenix dactylifera L.), testosterone enanthate (T), and resistance training (RT) alone and in combination on hepatic damage and mitochondrial function of adult male rats. Methods: Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: Control (C), RT-treated, DPPE-treated, T-treated, DPPE+RT-treated, and T+RT-treated. The DPPE-treated animals received 100 mg/kg DPPE by gavage (five days/week for four weeks). T was injected subcutaneously into the target groups at a dose of 2 mg/kg daily (five days/week for four weeks). Moreover, the RT program was performed using a vertical ladder with weights (five days/week for four weeks). Results: RT, T, and DPPE significantly reduced collagen degradation, apoptotic cells, dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) protein expression, and increased mitofusin-1 (Mfn-1) gene and protein expression in liver tissue. RT with T/DPPE showed a synergic effect regarding present study variables. Conclusions: It seems that DPP, which is a natural compound, has less damaging effects than T on liver tissue. It can be used as a safe alternative to T injection for the enhancement of athletic performance and T deficiency.","PeriodicalId":23167,"journal":{"name":"Thrita","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89374907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Resistance Training on Adipose Tissue and Serum METRNL Levels in Sucrose Solution Fed Rats","authors":"Hadiseh Abdi Ziari, A. Safarzade","doi":"10.5812/thrita-133670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/thrita-133670","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Meteorin-like protein (METRNL) is a novel adipomyokine that may improve glucose tolerance, and its circulating levels are affected by changes in body weight. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of eight weeks of resistance training (RT) and high sucrose consumption on serum and adipose tissue METRNL levels in male rats. Methods: In this study, 32 Wistar male rats were divided into normal diet and high sucrose diet groups. After 4 weeks, each group was divided into control and training groups. The rats in the training group were subjected to the RT program (3 days/week, for 8 weeks). In addition to serum and adipose tissue levels of METRNL, we measured epididymal and mesenteric fat mass, serum glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results: high sucrose diet increased fat weights and serum levels of glucose, insulin, and IR index; nevertheless, it reduced the serum levels of METRNL. RT decreased serum insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR. The result of two-way ANOVA and the t-test showed that eight weeks of RT decreased serum levels of METRNL, insulin, and HOMA-IR in sugar solution-fed rats. Conclusions: The results suggest that RT may be an effective intervention to reduce serum METRNL and HOMA-IR levels, which is associated with improving body composition.","PeriodicalId":23167,"journal":{"name":"Thrita","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73714378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic Gradients of Mental Health in University Students: A Study of Medical Interns in Iran","authors":"Mana Jameie, Nastaran Keshavarz Mohammadi, Hossein Hatami, Melika Jamie, Pejman Mansouri","doi":"10.5812/thrita-135100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/thrita-135100","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The mental health status of medical students is not optimistic. Understanding the factors associated with their poor mental health can contribute to alleviating this condition. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the mental health status of medical interns and its associated demographic and personal traits. Methods: From 2020 to 2021, 358 interns were enrolled in the study. Goldberg's general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used to assess their mental health, with scores ≥ 24 indicating poor mental health. Factors associated with GHQ scores were determined using multivariable regression. Results: Among the study population (age: 25.43 ± 2.31, 49.4% males), GHQ mean score was 30.09 ± 14.44, and 61.7% of interns had GHQ ≥ 24. Female gender (adjusted-OR: 1.78, P: 0.015), low hope for career prospects (adjusted-OR: 4.09, P: 0.001), and low and medium personal life satisfaction (adjusted-OR: 10.94, P < 0.001; adjusted-OR: 2.55, P: 0.001, respectively) significantly increased the risk of having poor mental health. Conclusions: In Iran, more than half of medical interns are not enjoying desirable mental health. Female students are more prone to being mentally unhealthy. Furthermore, lower hope and personal life satisfaction levels negatively affect students' mental health. Related university officials should identify the causes and develop effective preventive and therapeutic mental health services for interns. Female students should be the priority group.","PeriodicalId":23167,"journal":{"name":"Thrita","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136179853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Analysis of Sperm Parameters Between Fertile and Infertile Individuals","authors":"Mozhgan Harfsheno, Elahe Shams, V. Abdollahi, Fatemeh Javani Jouni","doi":"10.5812/thrita-113902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/thrita-113902","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infertility has increased in recent years. About half of all infertility cases are due to male factors. Objectives: The present study aimed to diagnose infertile individuals by examining sperm volume, density, motility, count, pH, luteum hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), percentage of sperm with abnormal morphology, and percentage of sperm DNA damage. Methods: This study was performed on semen samples of 96 individuals, of whom 45 were fertile and 51 were infertile. Sperm parameters were evaluated based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria among fertile and infertile individuals. Results: Volume, concentration, and motility were significantly lower in infertile individuals than in fertile individuals, and LH, FSH, and the percentage of sperm DNA damage were higher in infertile individuals than in fertile individuals. Conclusions: By examining the quality and analysis of semen in men, it is possible to identify infertile people and follow the necessary and appropriate treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":23167,"journal":{"name":"Thrita","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77943923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Vertical Jump Height with Ground Reaction Force and Anthropometric Parameters of Male Athletes","authors":"Seyed Amirhossein Emamian Shirazi, Alireza Hashemi Oskouei, Parisa Hejazi Dinan","doi":"10.5812/thrita-131432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/thrita-131432","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vertical jump performance depends on the take-off velocity of the body's center of mass. This velocity results from vertical acceleration provided by applied force to the ground from the feet. Therefore, forces generated in the muscles and the way these forces transfer to the feet affect vertical jump performance. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the correlation of vertical jump height with ground reaction force and anthropometric parameters of professional male athletes in volleyball, basketball, and wrestling. Methods: In this study, the descriptive method (correlation assessment) was used to investigate the relationship of countermovement vertical jump height with ground reaction force and anthropometric parameters of 18 male professional athletes. Results: This descriptive study indicated that the vertical jump height was significantly correlated with the maximum vertical force (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.658), maximum rate of vertical force development (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.399), negative impulse (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.192), and positive impulse (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.381). In addition, among 16 anthropometric parameters, only sitting height had a significant correlation with jump height (correlation coefficient = 0.499). However, the four dimensionless anthropometric parameters, including body fat mass to body mass ratio, skeletal muscle mass to body mass ratio, upper limb mass to body mass ratio, and lower limb mass to body mass ratio, were significantly correlated with vertical jump height. Conclusions: The normalized body composition and ground reaction force parameters were significantly related to vertical jump performance. Therefore, designing a training program to enhance these parameters would improve vertical jump performance. According to this study, enhancing GRF characteristics could be considered valuable in such training programs.","PeriodicalId":23167,"journal":{"name":"Thrita","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73932847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}