Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"High-intensity locomotor training during inpatient rehabilitation improves the discharge ambulation function of patients with stroke. A systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Annie Tapp, David Griswold, Daniel Dray, Nancy Landgraff, Kenneth Learman","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2304960","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2304960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the evidence of high-intensity locomotor training on outcomes related to gait and balance for patients with stroke in inpatient rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four databases were searched (PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and MedLINE) for articles published prior to 13 June 2023. Studies of adults (>18 years old) with a diagnosis of stroke who received a high-intensity locomotor intervention while admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation facility were included. A functional outcome in the domain of gait speed, gait endurance, or balance must have been reported. Following the screening of 1052 studies, 43 were selected for full-text review. Studies were assessed for risk of bias using the tool appropriate to the study type. Gait speed, gait endurance, and balance outcome data were extracted for further analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight studies were selected with risk of bias ratings as moderate (4), high (2), and low (2). Six studies were analyzed in the meta-analysis (<i>N</i> = 635). A random-effects model analyzed between-group differences. Standard mean differences demonstrated that high-intensity locomotor training produces a moderate effect on gait endurance (0.50) and gait speed (0.41) and a negligible effect on balance (0.08) compared with usual care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The meta-analysis supports the use of high-intensity locomotor training over usual care for improving gait speed and gait endurance during inpatient post-stroke. Future studies should investigate dose-response relationships of high-intensity locomotor training in this setting.</p><p><strong>Prospero registration: </strong>#CRD42022341329.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"431-445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139576517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on fatigue in people with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Lily Y W Ho, Claudia K Y Lai, Shamay S M Ng","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2304966","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2304966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fatigue, a common problem following a stroke, can have negative effects on a person's daily life. There are no good interventions thus far for alleviating fatigue among those affected.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aimed to evaluate the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on fatigue among people with stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was conducted for articles in seven databases, clinical trial registry, and backward and forward citations of included publications. Randomized controlled trials, including feasibility and pilot trials, of non-pharmacological interventions for managing fatigue or promoting sleep or both in people with stroke were included. The standardized mean difference in scores for fatigue was analyzed using random effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies, with 806 participants, were analyzed. The identified interventions included physical interventions, cognitive interventions, a combination of physical and cognitive interventions, oxygen therapy, and complementary interventions. Non-pharmacological interventions had no significant immediate, short-term and medium-term effects on fatigue. The adverse effects of falls and arrhythmia were each found in one participant in circuit training. The risk of bias was high in all studies. The certainty of the evidence ranged from very low to low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The evidence in support of any non-pharmacological interventions for alleviating fatigue is still inconclusive in people with stroke. In view of the inadequacies of existing interventions and study designs, addressing the multidimensional characteristics of fatigue may be a possible direction in developing interventions. A robust study design with a larger sample size of people with stroke experiencing fatigue is required to evaluate the effects of interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"474-492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139513441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of scapulo-humeral training on ultrasonographic and clinical evaluations in stroke: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Özge Onursal Kilinç, Muhammed Kilinç, Ender Ayvat, Irem Düzgün, Levent Özçakar","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2302720","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2302720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>After stroke, the effects of focused scapulo-humeral training with simultaneous assessment of the changes in shoulder subluxation, related muscle thicknesses and upper limb performance have not been studied in the literature.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of an 8-week scapulo-humeral training program in addition to conventional rehabilitation on upper extremity/trunk functions, shoulder pain, and sonographic measurements of the shoulder joint and periscapular muscles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty stroke individuals were randomly separated into two groups as Group I-scapulo-humeral training (5F/10 M) and Group II - control (5F/10 M). Conventional rehabilitation program was applied to both groups, and a scapulo-humeral training exercise protocol was added for the scapulo-humeral group. All the treatments were applied for 1 hour/day, 3 days/week, 8 weeks. Clinical evaluations were made using the Fugl Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity(FMA-UE), Action Research Arm Test(ARAT), ABILHAND, Visual Analog Scale, and Trunk Impairment Scale(TIS). Ultrasound was used to measure serratus anterior/lower trapezius muscle thicknesses, and acromion-greater tubercule/acromio-humeral distances.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FMA-UE, ARAT, ABILHAND and TIS scores increased in both groups, with greater increases in most parameters in the scapulo-humeral training group. Shoulder pain decreased only in the scapulo-humeral training group. Subacromial distances were decreased on the paretic side, and muscle thicknesses increased on both sides in the scapulo-humeral training group, and in the control group, only serratus anterior muscle thickness increased on the paretic side (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Additional scapulo-humeral exercises to conventional rehabilitation was seen to improve upper extremity/trunk performance and shoulder pain, and to increase scapula stabilizer muscle thicknesses in stroke individuals with mild-moderate upper extremity disability.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"501-512"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate effects of standing unstable board intervention on the non-paralyzed leg on sitting balance in severe hemiplegia: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Koki Nagai, Kazu Amimoto, Masato Teshima, Takeshi Ito, Honoka Nariya, Ryuji Ueno, Yumi Ikeda","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2302730","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2302730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unstable board intervention for patients with stroke improves sitting balance and trunk function. However, because patients with severe stroke are at high risk of falling, it is mostly adapted in mild cases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to examine the effect of standing unstable board intervention for the non-paralyzed lower limbs on sitting balance in patients with hemiplegia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The participants were 42 patients with stroke who were randomly assigned to a control or intervention group. In the intervention group, the non-paralyzed leg was placed on an unstable board, and the patient wore a knee-ankle-foot orthosis on the paralyzed side and practiced standing and weight-bearing exercises on the unstable board for 3 days. The outcomes were the angle of righting reaction of the neck, trunk, and both lower legs and the movement distance of the center of pressure of the righting reaction from lateral tilted sitting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the intervention group, the righting reaction angle of the trunk to the paralyzed and non-paralyzed sides and the movement distance of the center of pressure were increased significantly after the unstable board intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The standing unstable board intervention for the non-paralyzed lower limb increased sensory input to the non-paralyzed side of the trunk weight-bearing on the lower limb of the paralyzed side. The increase in the righting reaction angle and the movement distance of the center of pressure contributed to improved sitting balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"446-456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ataxic hemiparesis: a narrative review for clinical practice in rehabilitation.","authors":"Mei-Fen Sung, Jeong Hoon Lim","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2023.2281722","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2023.2281722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ataxic hemiparesis (AH) is a well-recognized clinical lacunar stroke syndrome, characterized by paresis with ataxia on the same side of the body. It affects patients with stroke involving the basal ganglia, pons, internal capsule, corona radiata, and thalamus. In the past, lacunar syndrome denotes good functional recovery with low mortality and morbidity rate. However, recent evidence suggests AH has an association with more debilitating outcomes in the long term.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide a comprehensive narrative review of published literatures on the topics related with AH and update clinical practice including rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature review was performed by using the keywords \"Subcortical Ataxia,\" \"Lacunar Stroke,\" \"Diaschisis\", and \"Ataxic Hemiparesis\" on PubMed and Google Scholar Engines from 1978 to 2022. All papers published in English were reviewed and manual search of references from retrieved literature was performed for other relevant articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A comprehensive review was carried out on the following topics: neuroanatomical localization, pathogenesis, clinical features and clinical assessment scales, pharmacological and non-pharmacological modalities for ataxia treatment, prognosis, and outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AH imposes significant challenges on stroke survivors when it comes to remediation of balance and coordination. It is associated with increased risk of mortality, stroke recurrence, and dementia. Though application of the concept of neuroplasticity and the utilization of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation have shown early promising results, further research is needed to establish the practice guidelines for rehabilitation of patients with AH.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"537-545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107592332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy and ultrasound therapy for hemiplegic shoulder pain in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial\".","authors":"Piyapat Dajpratham, Rinlada Pongratanakul, Tipchutha Satidwongpibool, Nawapat Kluabwang, Piyapong Akkathep, Thaniyaporn Claikhem","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2359343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2024.2359343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) is a prevalent clinical manifestation following stroke, often causing considerable discomfort and disability. Various therapeutic approaches have been developed to address HSP.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of HILT versus US therapy in alleviating HSP in stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A double-blind randomized controlled trial enrolled stroke patients with HSP within one year post-onset. Participants were randomly assigned to HILT (with sham US) or US therapy (with sham HILT). Both groups received 10-minute sessions of their assigned therapy modality along with daily shoulder range of motion (ROM) exercises 5 times per week over two consecutive weeks. Pain reduction was the primary outcome, with shoulder ROM as secondary outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty patients (11 women, 19 men; mean age: 60.80 ± 11.51 years) were included. After the two-week intervention, significant improvements were observed in pain reduction at rest and during motion in the HILT group, and in pain reduction during motion and shoulder internal rotation in the US group compared to pre-treatment values within each group. However, there was no significant difference between the HILT and US therapy groups in any evaluated parameter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Comparable efficacy was found between HILT and US therapy in reducing pain and improving shoulder ROM for HSP in stroke patients. Both modalities, when combined with shoulder ROM exercises, offer viable options for managing HSP in this population. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to validate these findings and explore long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141451634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI in evaluating ambulation of stroke patients: severity classification with video and functional ambulation category scale.","authors":"Jeong-Hyun Kim, Hyeon Hong, Kyuwon Lee, Yeji Jeong, Hokyoung Ryu, Hyundo Kim, Seong-Ho Jang, Hyeng-Kyu Park, Jae-Young Han, Hye Jung Park, Hasuk Bae, Byung-Mo Oh, Won-Seok Kim, Sang Yoon Lee, Shi-Uk Lee","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2359342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2024.2359342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The evaluation of gait function and severity classification of stroke patients are important to determine the rehabilitation goal and the level of exercise. Physicians often qualitatively evaluate patients' walking ability through visual gait analysis using naked eye, video images, or standardized assessment tools. Gait evaluation through observation relies on the doctor's empirical judgment, potentially introducing subjective opinions. Therefore, conducting research to establish a basis for more objective judgment is crucial.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To verify a deep learning model that classifies gait image data of stroke patients according to Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) scale.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gait vision data from 203 stroke patients and 182 healthy individuals recruited from six medical institutions were collected to train a deep learning model for classifying gait severity in stroke patients. The recorded videos were processed using OpenPose. The dataset was randomly split into 80% for training and 20% for testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The deep learning model attained a training accuracy of 0.981 and test accuracy of 0.903. Area Under the Curve(AUC) values of 0.93, 0.95, and 0.96 for discriminating among the mild, moderate, and severe stroke groups, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This confirms the potential of utilizing human posture estimation based on vision data not only to develop gait parameter models but also to develop models to classify severity according to the FAC criteria used by physicians. To develop an AI-based severity classification model, a large amount and variety of data is necessary and data collected in non-standardized real environments, not in laboratories, can also be used meaningfully.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141260575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The brief executive language screen: sensitivity and specificity in acute to early sub-acute stroke.","authors":"Mia R Phillips, Jessica Byrne, Emily C Gibson, Casey Gilbert, Lucy Ford, Georgia Marsh, Jessica Chow, Gail A Robinson","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2356412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2024.2356412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Propositional language and underlying executive functions can be impaired post-stroke and affect communication and quality of life. Current stroke screening tools are largely tailored to patients with aphasia, being either non-verbal or focussed on core language skills such as naming and repetition. The Brief Executive Language Screening Test (BELS) is a newly developed cognitive screening tool that assesses memory, oral apraxia, core language, as well as propositional language and associated executive functions that can be impacted and overlooked in stroke patients without aphasia. This study examines BELS sensitivity and specificity, and performance in acute to early sub-acute stroke relative to controls.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Cross-sectional BELS data from 88 acute left and right hemisphere stroke patients (within 7 weeks of stroke) and 116 age-matched healthy controls were compared using independent samples t-tests. ROC Curve Analysis was performed to determine a cutoff score for the BELS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Left and right stroke patients were reduced on all propositional language subtests, and executive function subtests of inhibition, strategy, and selection. Differences were also observed for Oral Apraxia, Naming, and Memory. By contrast, Word Comprehension and Repetition, and Sentence Completion Initiation (after corrections applied) did not differ between groups. A total BELS score of 79.25/100 was highly sensitive (.89) and specific (.89) when classifying stroke patients and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The BELS is brief, sensitive, suitable for bedside administration, and can aid in detection and rehabilitation of subtle executive language impairments. This in turn will help improve relationships and quality of life post-stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive brain stimulation improves pain in patients with central post-stroke pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Hu Lizi, Kou Jiaojiao, Wang Dan, Wang Shuyao, Wang Qingyuan, Yang Zijiang, Kang Hua","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2359341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2024.2359341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) significantly interferes with the quality of life and psychological well-being of stroke patients. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has attracted significant attention as an emerging method for treating patients with CPSP.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the clinical efficacy of noninvasive brain stimulation on pain, and psychological status of patients with central post-stroke pain using meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A computerized search of multiple databases was performed for identification of randomized controlled trials involving NIBS-led treatment of CPSP patients. Two researchers worked independently on literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. Research was conducted from inception of the database until October 2023. <i>RevMan 5.0</i> and <i>Stata 15.0</i> software were used to conduct statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen papers with 807 patients were finally included. The results showed that NIBS reduced patients' pain intensity [<i>SMD</i> = -0.39, <i>95% CI</i> (-0.54, -0.24), <i>p</i> < 0.01] and was more effective in short-term CPSP patients. However, the included studies did not show a significant impact on psychological status, particularly depression. Subgroup analysis suggested that the M1 stimulation point was more effective than other stimulation points [<i>SMD</i> = -0.45, <i>95% CI</i> (-0.65, -0.25), <i>p</i> < 0.001]. Other stimulation modalities also demonstrated favorable outcomes when compared to rTMS [<i>SMD</i> = -0.67, <i>95% CI</i> (-1.09, -0.25), <i>p</i> < 0.01].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NIBS has a positive impact on pain relief in patients with CPSP, but does not enhance patients' psychological well-being in terms of anxiety or depression. Furthermore, large-sample, high-quality, and multi-center RCTs are needed to explore the benefits of different stimulation durations and parameters in patients with CPSP. The current study has been registered with Prospero under the registration number CRD42023468419.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different exercise protocols on aerobic capacity, blood pressure, biochemical parameters, and body weight in chronic stroke survivors: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Susanne Palmcrantz, Anna Cremoux, Thomas Kahan, Jörgen Borg","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2024.2359344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2024.2359344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the impact on risk factors for recurrent stroke after gait training among persons restricted in walking in the chronic phase after stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized controlled trial, two groups performed gait training, 1 session/day, 3 days/week for 6 weeks, including electromechanically assisted gait training on a treadmill (EAGT) (n=12) or variable conventional gait training only (n=15); a control group (n=11) continued as usual. Endurance assessed with the 6-minute walk test, blood pressure, weight and blood samples were collected at baseline and after 6 weeks. Total Cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, and Triglycerides in plasma, and HbA1c in blood (reflecting glucose levels) were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The EAGT group walked more than twice the distance compared to the Conventional training group while the effective training time was similar. Endurance in walking increased most in the Conventional group while the Control group declined. Systolic blood pressure decreased most in the Conventional group, with a moderate effect size (ŋp2) of 0.0921 (95% confidence interval (CI)0.0012-0.2598). Body weight decreased most in the EAGT group with a large effect size (ŋp2) of 0.1406 (95% CI0.0047-0.3452). Lipid levels exhibited non-conclusive changes and HbA1c did not change significantly in any group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicate that six weeks of gait training may change risk factors for recurrent stroke even in persons restricted in mobility and that different training methods may have differential effects. These findings are in agreement with previous studies in less severely disabled persons and should encourage further studies in the current subgroup.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}