Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany最新文献

{"title":"A Study on Some Charophycean Flora (Nitella sp.) of District Aligarh, Western Uttar Pradesh (India) with Special Reference to Morphotaxonomy","authors":"Narendra K. Pal, K. Singh","doi":"10.5958/2231-1750.2017.00002.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-1750.2017.00002.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114019930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the Biochemical Composition of Parthenium hysterophorus L. in Different Seasons","authors":"P. K. Mishra, B. Maurya, Prasann Kumar","doi":"10.5958/J.2231-1742.2.2.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.2231-1742.2.2.014","url":null,"abstract":"During 2006 Parthenium hysterophorus L. plant material was collected from the Agricultural Research Farm, B.H.U. during the rainy and winter season, to investigate changes in content of the some biochemical compounds in different plant parts (root, stem and leaf). High content of both protein and starch was recorded in leaves in both seasons. The content of reducing sugars and carbohydrates were higher during rainy season in all parts of Parthenium as compared to the winter season, while non- reducing sugars were highest in leaf material during the rainy season as compare to winter season.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122464475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Callus, as a Prospective Source of Proficient Cells for Determining Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Potential in Clitoria ternatea L.","authors":"Najma Ismail, R. N. Verma, A. Batra","doi":"10.5958/J.2231-1750.3.2.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.2231-1750.3.2.009","url":null,"abstract":"A potential medicinal legume Clitoria ternatea L., commonly known as butterfly pea, has been investigated for determining phenolic contents and antioxidant potential. In the present study, callus was used as a prospective source of proficient cells obtained from leaf explants of C. ternatea L. Maximum callus was obtained by Murashige and Skoog, 1962 (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2.0 mg/l). The different in vivo and in vitro (callus) extracts, viz., ethanolic, acetone, petroleum ether, were used for total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity. The total phenol varied from mg/g Distilled Water (dw) in the various extracts was screened for their free-radical scavenging properties using ascorbic acid as standard antioxidant. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging effect of the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically. The highest radical scavenging effect was observed in in vitro acetone extracts with IC50%: 24.4±0.34 μg/ml. The greater amount of phenolic compounds leads to more potent radical scavenging effect as shown by the same extract of C. ternatea L.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122858253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Security and Nutritional Safety: A Challenge Ahead","authors":"Prasanna Kumar","doi":"10.5958/J.2231-1750.3.1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.2231-1750.3.1.002","url":null,"abstract":"Today humanity is facing a daunting challenge. The natural resources, both on land and water, are increasingly in demand to cater to the human needs and expectations. In order to feed the burgeoning population of India and to attain food security, the mission oriented efforts for increasing food productivity and its sustainability through advanced agro and biotechnological means are to be ventured. However, problems of climate change, biodiversity, desertification, water depletion, pollutants and toxicants, etc are being manifested, which in turn are becoming unfriendly to plant, animal and human health. There is an urgent need for developing methods to alleviate the environmental disorders in order to boost crop productivity. Soil health is defined as the continued capacity of soil to function as a vital living system, by recognising that it contains biological elements that are key to the ecosystem function within land use boundaries. Food security is defined as the state when people have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. Future global environment change such as increased climate variability, land degradation and loss of biodiversity, in the context of social, political and economic changes, may bring unprecedented stress on the food production system and food security. Soil health management, however, can play a significant role in climate change mitigation and adaptation to reduce the vulnerability of Indian agriculture. Although worldwide there are clearly enormous number of people to feed, the high yields associated with mono cropping are not worth the long-term environmental and health costs of using fossil fuels and degradation of soil with chemical inputs. Integrated nutrient management, organic farming, biofertilisers, bioremediation, biocontrol and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are important means for optimising crop production on both short term and long term basis to achieve sustainable production without deterioration of the environment and at the same time maintain the soil fertility.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121640011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conventional and Non-Conventional Strategies for Conservation of Medicinal Plants-A Mini Review","authors":"S. Qadir, B. Ali, Rouf Quadir, A. Fatima, Nahidatun N. Chisti, S. Shah","doi":"10.5958/2231-1750.2016.00012.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-1750.2016.00012.3","url":null,"abstract":"The medicinal plants have been identified as one of the most important biodiversities and a great treasure bestowed by nature. This biodiversity is constantly being altered throughout the world, both by anthropogenic as well as non-anthropogenic players. Global export of the products obtained from medicinal plants (used both by traditional and modern system of medicine) is exhibiting a declining trend during a couple of decades. The excessive consumption has put a huge pressure on their abundance, sustainability and even threatened the survival of some of the species. Therefore, serious efforts are required at individual, organisational and government level, to protect and conserve medicinal plants and make a judicious use of them. This can be accomplished by adopting different procedures and techniques broadly categorised into (a) conventional method such as in-situ and ex-situ conservation and (b) non-conventional method such as plant tissue culture. This review gives a comprehensive coverage to different ways and means, which can be exploited to conserve the precious wealth of medicinal plants and plant biodiversity in larger perspective.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128000524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Germination and Seedling Growth of Coriandrum sativum L. Under Varying Levels of Mixed Cadmium and Copper","authors":"S. Faizan, Irfana Haneef, S. Kausar, R. Perveen","doi":"10.5958/J.2231-1742.2.1.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.2231-1742.2.1.008","url":null,"abstract":"Elevated levels of heavy metals in contaminated soils are widely spread and concerns have been raised over the potential risks to humans, animals and agricultural crops. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mixed cadmium and copper on seed germination and seedling growth of coriander. Treatments were 0 (control), 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg which were made by equal amounts of cadmium (1/2) and copper (1/2). From the data obtained in the presence of different concentration of metals, Germination Index (GI), Metal Tolerance Index (MTI), and Percent Phytotoxicity was calculated. Increasing the concentration of heavy metal mixture to 100 mg/kg showed a significant decrease in seed germination as compared to control treatment (p<0.01). Heavy metal mixture concentrations of 25 mg/kg increased seedling fresh and dry weight (p<0.01) as compared to control. However, the heavy metal mixture concentration of 100 mg/kg produced the lowest amount of both seedling fresh and dry weight. A negative response of root and shoot length of coriander to heavy metal mixture application relative to control treatment was observed at 100 mg/kg (p<0.01). The study suggests that cultivation of coriander in metal polluted soils should be avoided or appropriate control measures be adopted to maintain the heavy metal content of the soil below the damage threshold level.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134542413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Withania somnifera L. Germplasm for Resistance against Leaf Spot Caused by Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler","authors":"Mohammad Zuhaib, Shabbir Ashraf","doi":"10.5958/2231-1750.2016.00009.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-1750.2016.00009.3","url":null,"abstract":"Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L. Dunal), commonly called as ‘winter cherry. The roots, leaves and fruits of this medicinal plant possess tremendous medicinal value. In recent years the demand of Ashwagandha in the international market increases by many folds. Plant diseases are the major constraints in the production of Ashwagandha. In this study seven Ashwagandha genotypes were screened against Alternaria leaf spot under pot condition on the basis of disease severity and percent reduction in yield. Among seven genotypes RAS-10 Showed consistently resistant reaction. IC-310620(A) and IC-283942 were tolerant and moderately tolerant, while remaining genotypes were found to be susceptible to highly susceptible. During the estimation of reduction in chlorophyll and carotenoid content of the 7 genotypes, the reduction in chlorophyll content was maximum in genotype RAS-10 and minimum in IC-283942. The reduction in carotenoid content was maximum in genotype RAS-98 and minimum in RAS-7.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114496263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Concentration of Thiamine Hydrochloride (Vitamin-B1) on Growth and Yield of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) var. Varuna","authors":"A. Sajjad, Samiullah","doi":"10.5958/J.2231-1750.3.2.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.2231-1750.3.2.014","url":null,"abstract":"One pot experiment was conducted according to simple randomised block design on Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Var. Varuna to establish the most suitable concentration for soaking of mustard seeds in thiamine hydrochloride solutions of concentrations, that is, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12% on the performance of mustard. The seeds were soaked in thiamine hydrochloride solutions for 4 h. Water-soaked seeds were treated as control. Uniform basal dose of N90, P30 and K30 fertilizers were given to the soil before filling in the pots at the rate of NPKkg/ha. The soaked seeds were sown in clay pots containing autoclaved sandy loam soil and compost in 3:1 mixture. The parameters such as shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area, crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were calculated from 40 to 120 days after sowing. Number of pods per plant, 1,000 seed weight, yield, biological yield and harvest index were measured at harvest. Soaking concentration of 0.03% of thiamine hydrochloride was found to be the best in comparison to any other concentration of the treatment for most of the parameter studied. In growth parameters, leaf area, plant dry weight, root dry weight showed significant results of the early stages of sampling [that is, 40–80 Days after sowing (DAS)]. CGR also followed the same trend, however, RGR and NAR did not follow the same at any stage of the sampling. Yield parameters like pod number per plant, biological yield and seed yield registered significant result. Thus, it was concluded that soaking of mustard seeds in 0.03% thiamine hydrochloride ensured better growth and yield.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123542127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Melissa officinalis Induced by Application of Pseudomonas fluorescens Isolated from Different Agro Climatic Zones of Karnataka","authors":"S. Bohra, N. Krithika, M. Nanditha, G. Sudha, C. Sandeep, C. K. Suresh","doi":"10.5958/2231-1750.2015.00001.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-1750.2015.00001.3","url":null,"abstract":"Melissa officinalis is an aromatically important plant grown all over the world. It is used for different medical purposes as tonic, antispasmodic, carminative, diaphoretic, sedative-hypnotic strengthening the memory, relief of stress-induced headache and has antioxidant properties. The fluorescent Pseudomonas have emerged as the largest and potentially most promising group of the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria with their simple nutritional requirement, flexible metabolism, their short generation time and motility. Through several mechanisms, they promote plant growth and inhibit soil borne or seed borne phytopathogens. This present work is carried out in Department of Biotechnology, U.A.S., G.K.V.K., Bangalore. This study aims to isolate and identify the Psuedomonas fluorescens from rhizospheric soil from different agroclimatic zones of Karnataka. Molecular characterisation was done through the RAPD technique. The isolates found to be highly polymorphic. The RAPD bands are analysed by Statistica software. The dendrogram clearly depicted that all the isolates form two major clusters and isolates from zone 1 and zone 4 spanning the extremes. Efficient strain of Pseudomanas was screened out, which is responsible for increasing biomass of Melissa officinalis. Ten treatments of Pseudomonas fluorescens are made from ten different agro climatic zones with one control. These treatments are inoculated on 2 week-old seedlings of Melissa officinalis and allowed to grow for 60 days. Plant height, weight, chlorophyll content, total soluble sugars, and proteins are estimated at a regular interval of time. All the data are subjected to MStat C software for statistical analysis. It is observed that the Psuedomonas fluorescen isolated from zone 6 induced potentially increased growth in Melissa officinalis and is responsible for plant growth promotion.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116350414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Methanolic Extracts of Botanicals for the Management of M. incognita Infecting Tomato and Chilli","authors":"A. Usman, M. Siddiqui","doi":"10.5958/J.2231-1742.1.2.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.2231-1742.1.2.012","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf extracts of two plants such as Murraya koenigii L. Spreng and Vitex negundo L. were used as bare-root dip treatment for the management of phytonematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and chilli (Capsicum annum) plants. Significant reduction was observed in the root-knot development caused by M. incognita on the experimental plants. Leaf extracts of Murraya caused relatively higher inhibition in root-knot development and nematode multiplication than Vitex. Improvement in plant growth was noted. The efficacy of root-dip treatment with respect to improvement in plant weight and reduction in disease incidence increased with the increase in concentration of leaf extracts and dip duration.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133533006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}