Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany最新文献

{"title":"Melia azedarach L. – A Paradise tree","authors":"Antara Sen, A. Batra","doi":"10.5958/J.2231-1742.1.1.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.2231-1742.1.1.006","url":null,"abstract":"Herbal medicine is still the mainstay of about 75–80% of the world population, mainly in the developing countries, for primary health care because of better cultural acceptability, better compatibility with the human body and lesser side effects. Natural products, including plants, animals and minerals have been the basis of treatment of human diseases. The current accepted modern medicine or allopathy has gradually developed over the years by scientific and observational efforts of scientists. However, the basis of its d velopment remains rooted in traditional medicines and therapies. Melia azedarach Linn, commonly known as mahanimba belongs to family Meliaceae. It is large evergreen tree found throughout India and very similar to neem. Traditionally it is used as anthelmintic, antilithic diuretic, emmenagouge, astringent and stomachic. Various scientific studies reported the analgesic, anticancer, antiviral, antimalarial, anti bacterial, anti feedent and anti fertility activity of this plant. So the objective of the present review is to highlight the phytochemical and pharmacological information of this plant.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127437429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation on Plant Performance and Yield of Five Waxy Maize (Zea mays) Varieties in Yezin Area, Myanmar","authors":"Thu Zar, A. Khaing, H. Than","doi":"10.5958/2231-1750.2020.00002.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-1750.2020.00002.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124815664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geminivirus Modified Antioxidant Systems and Proline Accumulation in Tomato Plant","authors":"F. Bassiouny, R. Khalil, K. A. El-Dougdo, S. Abo-Elmaty, Yousef","doi":"10.5958/2231-1750.2015.00005.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-1750.2015.00005.0","url":null,"abstract":"This study is conducted to examine the effects of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) geminivirus infection on nitrogenous constituents, proline, nitrate reductase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, total phenol content, glutathione, lipid peroxidation (MAD) and also activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), peroxidase (POD; EC 1.11.1.7) and catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6) were estimated in both healthy and infected tomato plants. Infected plants showed reduction in total protein and nitrate reductase. Besides these, TYLCV infection caused an increase of total-N, amino-N, proline content in leaves, stems and roots, and also increase of phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, total phenol content, glutathione, lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves were detected compared with healthy plants.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124990751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Hydrochloride) in Improving Growth and Yield of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)","authors":"A. Sajjad","doi":"10.5958/2231-1750.2016.00016.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-1750.2016.00016.0","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment according to simple randomized block design was conducted with the aim to find out the effects of foliar spray of thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B1) on growth, nutrient uptake and yield characteristics of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) variety (Var.) Varuna. The plants were sprayed with 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03 wt% thiamine hydrochloride solution and a spray of distilled water was also maintained as a control. Spraying was done in a single spray after 40 days of sowing (DAS) i.e., at flower initiation stage (Ansari, 1988). The growth parameters studied include plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, leaf area (LA), leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and uptake of N and P at different growth stages. Yield as well as its components such as number of pods per plant, 1000 seed weight, yield, biological yield, harvest index, oil content and oil yield were measured at harvest. In general spray of 0.03 wt% of thiamine hydrochloride solution was found to be the best in comparison to any other concentration of the treatment for most of the parameters studied. Growth parameters like plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, CGR, RGR and NAR showed significant results at the early stages of sampling (that is, 60–80 DAS). In case of LA and LAI, there was no significant difference between thiamine hydrochloride spray treatments. Thiamine hydrochloride solution at 0.03 wt% was found significantly best in case of nitrogen uptake at 60 and 80 DAS while in case of phosphorous uptake, 0.02% was statistically the best; however, it was at par with 0.03 wt% thiamine hydrochloride solution at 80 DAS. Different yield parameters like the pod number per plant, biological yield and seed yield as well as oil yield registered significant results. The results suggest that the performance of B. juncea L. var. Varuna can be improved by spraying the plants with aqueous thiamine hydrochloride solution. Thus, it was concluded that the spray of thiamine hydrochloride solution ensured better growth and yield.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115034016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pharmacological Study of Arnica Plant","authors":"A. Saeed","doi":"10.5958/2231-1750.2014.00001.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-1750.2014.00001.8","url":null,"abstract":"The leaves and flowers of Arnica plants contain ‘Helenalin’, a sesquiterpene lactone that is a major ingredient in anti-inflammatory preparations. It is a highly toxic compound, with hepatic and lymphatic tissues particularly vulnerable to its effects. It is responsible for the toxicity and skin irritation. Ingestion of these plants causes severe gastroenteritis and internal bleeding of the digestive tract. Moreover, they are potent and selective inhibitor of ‘human Telomerase’, which is partially accountable for its anti-tumour effects and has anti-trypanosome activity and is toxic to Plasmodium falciparum. In addition, it also retards the growth of Staphylococcus ureus and reduces the severity of S. aureus infection in humans. The roots of these plants contain derivatives of ‘Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol)’, a fungicides and preservative. In addition, it has some anti-inflammatory effect, with strong antiseptic properties. Moreover, it is a biocide, agent with strong antimicrobial attributes, which reduces bacterial resistance to antibiotics, also an effective fungicide against fluconazole-resistant strains.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114048744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conditioning Effect of Different Absorbant Polymers on Physical and Chemical Properties of Sandy Soil","authors":"A. Mazen, D. Radwan, Atef F. Ahmed","doi":"10.5958/J.2231-1750.3.2.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.2231-1750.3.2.011","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the use of absorbant polymers (hydrogels) for soil conditioning is considered an effective way to solve the problems of water limitation of sandy soils for reclamation of newly desert areas. In this work, the physical and chemical properties of the sandy soil mixed with different concentrations of five types of hydrogels were studied. The used hydrogels were polyacrylic acid (Aquakeep, AKG); sodium polyacrylate (Aqurihop); vinyl alcohol sodium polyacrylate (Igata, IGG); cellulose (Jelfine, JFG); and starch (Was, WG). The used concentrations of each hydrogel were 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4% of the soil weight. The results demonstrated that the maximum water absorption capacity differed greatly from hydrogel to another. AKG and WG had the highest water absorption capacity, while JFG was the lowest indicating that using of AKG and/or WG is the best for water conservation in sandy soils. Moreover, for all used hydrogels, the moisture content of the sandy soil increased with all applied pF values at concentrations of 0.05 or 0.1% hydrogel. A decrease in the bulk density and increase in total porosity of the soil was noticed with the increase of the hydrogel concentration. Soil infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity were decreased due to the increase in water-holding capacity by conditioning the soils with the used hydrogels. Chemical properties were improved by conditioning the sandy soils with studied hydrogels. All hydrogels could lower the pH values but increase the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soil depending on the hydrogel concentration. Using high concentration (0.4) of each hydrogel, the soil pH was slightly lowered, while CEC and organic matter were increased noticeably with more available NPK content (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content) in the conditioned soils. From overall experiments, addition of WG, IGG, AKG to the sandy soil appear to be the best for retaining moisture at field capacity, which provides more available water to the plants and caused improvement of physical and chemical properties of the sandy soil.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129524017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Diseases on Muga Silkworm Host Plant Perseabombycina Kost. in District Bageshwar, Uttarakhand-A Survey Report","authors":"Chandrakanta, A. Paliwal, D. Paliwal","doi":"10.5958/2231-1750.2015.00018.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-1750.2015.00018.9","url":null,"abstract":"In sericulture, diseases of silkworm host plants are the major constraint in realising the foliage potentiality of the plant under feeding of silkworms and the ultimate conversion of cocoons during crops. Diseases make the leaf unpalatable for muga silkworms and cause reduction in total leaf yield and ultimately affect cocoon yield production. In the present article, a survey of foliage diseases was carried out on one of the primary host plant Persea bombycina Kost. of Muga silkworm during the calendar year 2012 and 2013. It was observed that foliar diseases like red rust, leaf spot, grey blight and brown blight are common diseases occurring on the plant species in District Bageshwar of Uttarakhand state, which affects the foliage yield of the plant as well as quality and quantity of cocoon production.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116175962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical Modifications and Enhancement of Psoralen Content in Salt-Stressed Seedlings of Psoralea corylifolia Linn.","authors":"D. Katare, Gowher Nabi, M. Azooz, Aéri, P. Ahmad","doi":"10.5958/J.2231-1742.2.1.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.2231-1742.2.1.009","url":null,"abstract":"Salt stress is one of the major global problem rendering vast area of land unsuitable for cultivation. Attempts are therefore directed to screen for salt-tolerant plants for the reclamation of the waste-land. The present study was an attempt to search for the salt tolerance potential of an important endangered medicinal plant Psoralea corylifolia, which is the commercial source of psoralen. Psoralea seeds grown on different concentrations of NaCl exhibited variation in percent germination; however, 25 mM NaCl proved better than control and exhibited maximum percent germination with high shoot and root length. Chlorophyll a, b and a+b decreased on higher concentrations of NaCl. Protein content decreased from 50–100 mM NaCl and then again there was an increase from 110 mM NaCl. Psoralen content exhibited variation in salt-stressed seedlings and maximum psoralen was observed in 25 mM NaCl concentration.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126348826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Foliar Application of Fly Ash on Potato Crop","authors":"D. Tomar, A. Khan, Safiuddin","doi":"10.5958/2231-1750.2017.00006.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-1750.2017.00006.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128055449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Propagation of Medicinally Important Cassia Species – A Review","authors":"S. Parveen, A. Shahzad","doi":"10.5958/J.2231-1742.2.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.2231-1742.2.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants are considered to be an important source of life-saving drugs for majority of the world's population. Recently there has been an increasing interest in the study of medicinal plants and their traditional use in primary healthcare. An ever-increasing demand of uniform medicinal plants and plant based medicines warrants their cloning through plant tissue culture (PTC) strategy. The biotechnological approaches are important to select, multiply and conserve the critical genotypes of medicinal plants. PTC techniques offer an integrated approach for the production of standardized quality phytopharmaceuticals through the mass production of consistent plant material. A variety of medicinal plants have been regenerated through in vitro techniques using various parts. This review is an attempt to highlight the current strategies available for in vitro propagation of medicinally important Cassia species. The genus Cassia is one of the most important genus of subfamily Caesalpinaceae (family Fabaceae), mostly distributed in the tropics and subtropics. It is comprised of about 600 species, most of them having medicinal values and used to cure a broad range of diseases, such as anaemia, bronchitis, cholera, eczema, jaundice, leprosy, liver diseases, scabies, splenic enlargement, typhoid, rheumatism, eye and skin diseases, cough, insomnia, headache, ophthalmia, constipation, hypertension and many more. Cassia spp. also possess anticancer, antidiabetic, antidiuretic, antihelminthic, anti-inflammatory, antigungal and purgative properties. The available literature on in vitro micropropagation of Cassia spp described the differential response to cytokinin and auxin treatment in the media for effective shoot regeneration and plantlet propagation. It was also found that the explants type played a specific role in morphogenesis and multiplication.","PeriodicalId":231568,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional and Environmental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127904733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}