Theriogenology最新文献

{"title":"SIRT5 alleviates oxidative stress of boar sperm induced by cryopreservation through IDH2 and SOD2 pathway","authors":"Malik Ahsan Ali ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingyong Ni ,&nbsp;An-qi Huang ,&nbsp;Shan Dou ,&nbsp;Yiguo Tang ,&nbsp;Xinhong Xu ,&nbsp;Changjun Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation result in decreased motility, fertility, farrowing rate and litter size during boar sperm cryopreservation. Our previous study reported that cryopreservation leads to differential expression of genes (SIRT5 and IDH2) which regulate the energy metabolism and quality of sperm. But how SIRT5 regulates the metabolism and oxidative stress in boar sperm are still unknown. In the present study, we first determined the regulation of IDH2 and SOD2 by SIRT5 after its knockdown and then determined the role of SIRT5 in regulation of oxidative stress, metabolic activities, motility and fertility potential by its specific inhibitor (Suramin, SUR) and activator (Resveratrol, RSV). Then the effect of cryopreservation was evaluated on mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT5, IDH2 and SOD2 in boar sperm. A decrease in expressions was observed at both mRNA and protein for all these genes. Additionally, RSV and SUR treatment led to up and downregulation of mRNA and protein of both IDH2 and SOD2. A significant decrease (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in ROS levels and improvement in sperm motility, acrosomal integrity, MMP, PMI and ATP were observed in post-thaw sperm after activation of SIRT5 with RSV. Additionally, BAX and 4HNE levels were significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) reduced in RSV treated sperm. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that SIRT5 activator (RSV) improved the quality of boar sperm by upregulation of IDH2 and SOD2. At the same time, the oxidative stress was reduced via interaction among SIRT5, IDH2 and SOD2.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 117424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of IVM media supplementation with a blend of n6/n3 fatty acids on the quality of bovine oocytes and blastocysts","authors":"Md Fakruzzaman ,&nbsp;Ewelina Warzych ,&nbsp;Piotr Pawlak ,&nbsp;Zofia E. Madeja ,&nbsp;Adam Cieslak ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Szkudelska ,&nbsp;Joanna Lechtanska ,&nbsp;Dorota Lechniak","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimizing in vitro maturation (IVM) media can enhance blastocyst yield and quality. This study explores the effects of supplementing IVM medium with a blend of two essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (LA and ALA) at a ratio observed in the serum of experimental heifers on the quality of bovine oocytes, cumulus cells (CC), and blastocysts. The in vitro embryo production protocol was based on commercial media (Bioscience, UK). Oocyte-cumulus complexes (COCs) from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries were matured in a 100 μM LA + ALA blend at a 3:1 ratio (75 μM LA + 25 μM ALA). Following maturation, selected COCs underwent reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) measurements in oocytes and apoptosis detection in CC (TUNEL). The remaining oocytes were fertilized and cultured to the blastocyst stage, where cell counts and apoptosis levels were assessed. Our findings indicate that the LA + ALA blend positively influenced specific quality parameters in oocytes (reduced ROS level) and blastocysts (increased total cell number (TCN) and a lower apoptotic index (AI)). However, the treatment did not significantly affect other parameters, such as AI in CCs, cleavage, and blastocyst rates or ICM: TCN and ICM: TE ratios. This study demonstrates that a moderate (100 μM) fatty acid (FA) dose benefits oocytes and blastocysts. Given the opposing effects of individual FAs and the limited data on FA blends, our results suggest that ALA may counteract the adverse effects of LA. Mitigation of oxidative stress and AI and an increased TCN underscore the importance of optimized FA supplementation in IVM media.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 117427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin supplementation does not improve ovine pre- or post-hatching development in vitro","authors":"M. Carvajal-Serna ,&nbsp;N. Martínez de los Reyes ,&nbsp;P. Marigorta ,&nbsp;P. Bermejo-Álvarez ,&nbsp;P. Ramos-Ibeas","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melatonin plays a crucial role in the regulation of reproductive seasonality in sheep. Melatonin supplementation has been widely used both <em>in vivo</em> to increase fertility and prolificacy, and <em>in vitro</em> during oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo culture. However, its effects have only been assessed <em>in vitro</em> up to the hatched blastocyst stage in conventional embryo culture systems. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of melatonin supplementation from oocyte <em>in vitro</em> maturation (IVM) through post-hatching embryonic stages <em>in vitro</em> on the development of the first three embryonic lineages. Supplementation with melatonin at 10⁻⁸ or 10⁻⁶ M during IVM, <em>in vitro</em> fertilization (IVF), and <em>in vitro</em> culture (IVC) did not affect cleavage and blastocyst rates at day (D) 8, nor embryo survival and growth at D12. While hypoblast development was not affected, epiblast survival was reduced in D12 embryos treated with 10⁻⁶ M melatonin from the blastocyst stage onward. In conclusion, melatonin supplementation did not show a clear beneficial effect on ovine <em>in vitro</em> embryo production or lineage development during post-hatching embryo culture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 117428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Beneficial Impact of Silymarin-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles on the Quality of Frozen-Thawed Buffalo Sperm: Antioxidant and Anti-Apoptotic Effects.","authors":"Ali Ali El-Raghi ,&nbsp;Ekramy Elmorsy ,&nbsp;Mahmoud A.E. Hassan ,&nbsp;Walaa M. Essawi ,&nbsp;Sara H.M. Hassab ,&nbsp;Eman M. Embaby ,&nbsp;Basma H. Marghani","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of incorporating silymarin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (SMCS-NPs) into semen extender on the semen quality, redox balance, enzymatic activities, apoptotic genes, and ultrastructural integrity of cryopreserved buffalo sperm. Semen samples were obtained using the artificial vagina technique from seven fertile bulls aged between 4 and 6 years. The collected semen was cryopreserved in a tris extender supplemented with varying levels of SMCS-NPs: 0 μg/mL (SMCS-NPs0), 50 μg/mL (SMCS-NPs50), 100 μg/mL (SMCS-NPs100), and 200 μg/mL (SMCS-NPs200). The inclusion of 100 μg of SMCS-NPs in the cryopreservation media significantly improved sperm progressive motility, viability, membrane integrity, and kinematic parameters. Additionally, this concentration improved key antioxidant enzyme activities, reduced malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide levels, and enhanced enzymatic activity in the seminal plasma compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.05). The supplementation of SMCS-NPs notably boosted the expression of apoptotic genes like <em>caspase 3</em>, <em>Bcl2</em>, and <em>Bax</em> in sperm. Examination through electron microscopy revealed that enriching the cryopreservation medium with 100 μg or 200 μg of SMCS-NPs maintained the integrity of acrosome and the plasma membrane, and preserved the structural integrity of cryopreserved buffalo spermatozoa. The docking exploration revealed strong affinities for key proteins regulating apoptosis (caspase) and oxidative stress (catalase and glutathione peroxidase), emphasizing their therapeutic potential in reducing apoptosis and oxidative damage. In conclusion, supplementing the semen freezing extender with 100 μg of SMCS-NPs improved post-thaw sperm quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 117425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive performance of yearling Bos indicus heifers submitted to programs for induction of ovulation prior to a timed-artificial insemination protocol","authors":"Ana Luíza M. Lopes ,&nbsp;Giselly B. Kolling ,&nbsp;Lucas O. e Silva ,&nbsp;Rodrigo L.O.R. Alves ,&nbsp;Fabiana M. de Assumpção ,&nbsp;Suzane K.M. Leite ,&nbsp;Akyra Terra ,&nbsp;Roger de M. M. Wutke ,&nbsp;Antonio C.S. Rezende ,&nbsp;José R.S. Rezende ,&nbsp;Lainer Leite ,&nbsp;Roberto Sartori","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117422","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two strategies for induction of ovulation prior to the first timed-artificial insemination (TAI) protocol on reproductive outcomes of yearling Nelore (&lt;em&gt;Bos indicus&lt;/em&gt;) heifers. On Day −24, a total of 2000 heifers (12.3 ± 0.03 mo old; 224.9 ± 0.7 kg of body weight [BW]), managed in a feedlot system, were randomly assigned to one of two ovulation induction protocols: 1) P4+E2 (n = 963): an intravaginal progesterone (P4) device (0.5 g) was inserted on Day −24 and removed on Day −12, when heifers received 0.5 mg of estradiol (E2) cypionate (EC); 2) &lt;strong&gt;iP4&lt;/strong&gt; (n = 1037): administration of 150 mg of long-acting injectable P4 on Day −24. All heifers received the same TAI protocol that started on Day 0 with the insertion of a P4 device (0.5 g) and 1.5 mg of E2 benzoate. On Day 7, 0.5 mg of cloprostenol sodium (PGF), 0.5 mg of EC and 200 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) were administered, concomitant with the P4 device withdrawal and tail chalk for estrus evaluation. On Day 9, 8.4 μg of buserelin acetate was administered, and TAI was performed. Ultrasound examinations were performed to evaluate uterine (UT) diameter and ovarian dynamics, pregnancy per AI (P/AI) and pregnancy loss (PL). Statistical analyses were performed by the PROC GLIMMIX of SAS 9.4 (P ≤ 0.05). The P4+E2 treatment resulted in greater incidence of corpus luteum (CL) on Day 0 (57.8 vs. 15.7 %), greater expression of estrus near TAI (66.7 vs. 57.8 %), and greater P/AI on Days 40 and 120 (48.4 vs. 42.1 % and 43.2 vs. 36.3 %, respectively) than the iP4 treatment. However, the incidence of UT &gt; 10 mm (86.7 vs. 85.4 %, respectively), the presence of CL on Day 40 in nonpregnant heifers (20.1 vs. 22.0 %, respectively) and PL (10.7 vs. 14.0 %, respectively) did not differ between groups. Regardless of treatment, the presence of CL on Day 0 was associated with greater expression of estrus (69.0 vs. 58.3 %) and P/AI on Days 40 and 120 (56.1 vs. 39.0 %; 50.3 vs. 33.6 %, respectively), as well as heifers expressing estrus had greater P/AI. Younger heifers had lower incidence of CL on Day 0 than intermediate age and older heifers. However, within all age classes, the P4+E2 treatment resulted in more heifers with CL on Day 0. The P/AI on Day 120 was greater in intermediate and older heifers, whereas younger heifers had greater PL. In addition, heifers with intermediate and heavier BW, as well as those with intermediate and higher average daily gain (ADG), had greater incidence of CL on Day 0, expression of estrus and P/AI on Days 40 and 120. In conclusion, the addition of E2 as an ovulation inducer at the end of an intravaginal P4 supplementation enhanced ovulation induction on Day 0, expression of estrus, and P/AI on Days 40 and 120 in yearling Nelore heifers compared to iP4. Age, BW, and ADG positively influenced the presence of CL, with BW and ADG significantly improving fertility outcomes. These findings emph","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 117422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Germline-specific deletion of testis-highly expressed Lrwd1 reveals nonessential roles in male fertility","authors":"Chunhai Luo ,&nbsp;Dalin Liu ,&nbsp;Ziqi Yu,&nbsp;Zhiwei Fan,&nbsp;Haoran Xu,&nbsp;Shumin Zhou,&nbsp;Xuanjing Zhu,&nbsp;Hanchao Liu,&nbsp;Lifu Shao,&nbsp;Yunhao Wu,&nbsp;Zhean Li,&nbsp;Fei Sun,&nbsp;Junfeng Zhan,&nbsp;Chong Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genetic etiologies constitute a major contributor to male factor infertility, a global health concern impacting over 7% of the reproductive-aged male population. Comprehensive transcriptomic profiling has identified more than 2300 mouse testicular-predominant genes, with knockout models functionally validating the critical role of numerous loci in preserving fertility. However, the biological significance of large portions of the male germ cell genes remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the function of leucine-rich repeats and WD40 repeat domain-containing protein 1 (<em>Lrwd1</em>) in male reproduction. Here we generated germ cell-specific <em>Lrwd1</em> knockout mice with <em>Stra8</em>-Cre (<em>Lrwd1</em>-<em>sKO</em>) using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and assessed their fertility. Our results demonstrated that the absence of <em>Lrwd1</em> did not affect the fertility of male mice, and no significant differences in sperm morphology were observed between <em>Lrwd1</em>-<em>sKO</em> and control mice. Histological analysis of testicular and epididymal tissues revealed that seminiferous tubules contained all stages of germ cell development, including mature spermatozoa, without noticeable alterations. Additionally, the progression of spermatocytes through prophase I was not impaired in ablation of <em>Lrwd1</em> in germ cell. These findings suggest that <em>Lrwd1</em> is not essential for spermatogenesis or male fertility in mice, indicating that it does not play a critical role in reproductive function under normal physiological conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 117426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal/stem cells-derived conditioned medium and platelet-rich plasma on in vitro induced equine endometrial inflammation","authors":"Chiara Del Prete ,&nbsp;Giulia Gaspari ,&nbsp;Michal Andrzej Kosior ,&nbsp;Barbara Merlo ,&nbsp;Eleonora Iacono ,&nbsp;Consiglia Longobardi ,&nbsp;Nicola Antonio Martino ,&nbsp;Maria Elena Dell’Aquila ,&nbsp;Sara Damiano ,&nbsp;Natascia Cocchia ,&nbsp;Bianca Gasparrini ,&nbsp;Anna Lange-Consiglio","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the years, regenerative therapies have emerged as promising alternatives for persistent breeding-induced endometritis. <em>In vitro</em> studies testing the effects of these therapies on equine endometrial cells are still scarce. This study aimed to evaluate <em>in vitro</em> the effect of Wharton's jelly (WJ) mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSCs)-derived conditioned medium (WJ-CM) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on equine endometrial cells, with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. The WJ-CM was obtained after 24 h of starvation in Ringer's lactate of WJ-MSCs and PRP was prepared using the double centrifugation. Endometrial epithelial cells obtained from 3 diestrus mare uteri at slaughterhouse were treated for 24 h according to six experimental groups: DMEM standard complete medium (CTRL); 10 ng/mL LPS (LPS); 10 % WJ-CM (CM); 5 % PRP (PRP); 10 ng/mL LPS and 10 % WJ-CM (LPS + CM); 10 ng/mL LPS and 5 % PRP (LPS + PRP). After 6, 12, and 24 h, endometrial cells were evaluated for viability (apoptosis and necrosis), mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. PGE-2 and IL-10 concentrations in spent medium were measured. The WJ-CM alone did not affect endometrial cell viability and prevented the detrimental effect of LPS on endometrial cells; it suppressed the production of PGE-2. PRP had a deleterious effect on endometrial cell viability, induced the secretion of PGE-2, as well as increased mitochondrial activity and ROS production. Endometrial benefits of the WJ-CM treatment are evident even after an LPS challenge, while unexpectedly PRP showed a deleterious effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 117423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the follicular stage and circulating progesterone concentrations at the beginning of an estradiol/progesterone-based synchronization protocol on profile of gonadotropins and follicle dynamics in beef heifers","authors":"Lucas O. e Silva ,&nbsp;Patrícia R. Cavalcanti ,&nbsp;Rodrigo L.O.R. Alves ,&nbsp;Natália P. Folchini ,&nbsp;Natália N. Teixeira ,&nbsp;Pedro J.L. Monteiro ,&nbsp;Milo C. Wiltbank ,&nbsp;Roberto Sartori","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117421","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study evaluated the effects of the follicular stage (pre-&lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; post-deviation) at the beginning of an estradiol (E2)/progesterone (P4)-based synchronization protocol, and of circulating P4 concentrations (higher &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; lower) during the protocol, on profiles of gonadotropins and development of a new follicular wave in &lt;em&gt;Bos indicus&lt;/em&gt; heifers. Cycling Nelore heifers (n = 23; 24.0 ± 2.7 mo old) were pre-synchronized to initiate an E2/P4-based protocol (on Day 0) with either a post-deviation 7-d old follicle (&lt;strong&gt;F&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;7&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt;) or a pre-deviation 2-d old follicle (&lt;strong&gt;F2d&lt;/strong&gt;) in the absence of a corpus luteum. Heifers were then assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (follicular stage × P4 treatment), receiving either a new intravaginal 2 g P4 device (higher P4, &lt;strong&gt;HP4&lt;/strong&gt;) or a 14-d used 1 g P4 device (lower P4, &lt;strong&gt;LP4&lt;/strong&gt;), plus 1.5 mg of E2 benzoate. Ultrasound evaluations were performed on Days −10, −5, −2, and daily from Day 0–7. Blood samples were collected every 12 h from Day 0–5, and daily until Day 7. Statistical analyses were performed by SAS 9.4 (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; ≤ 0.05). On Day 0, the diameter of the initial follicle (F0) was larger (10.7 ± 0.4 &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; 6.7 ± 0.2 mm; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.01), the circulating E2 was greater (5.7 ± 0.9 &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; 2.7 ± 0.5 pg/mL; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.01) and FSH concentrations were lower (0.15 ± 0.01 &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; 0.20 ± 0.01 ng/mL; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.01) in F7d than F2d group. Mean P4 concentrations over time were greater in HP4 than in LP4 group (3.1 ± 0.1 &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; 2.0 ± 0.1 ng/mL; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.01). No interaction effects were observed. Circulating FSH concentrations were greater (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.02) in F2d than F7d group at 0 and 12 h, with no further differences, whereas no differences were observed in LH concentrations over time. The time of emergence (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.73) and deviation (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.81) were not affected by the follicular stage, nor the follicular growth until Day 7 (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.41). Regarding P4 treatments, circulating LH was lower (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.01) in HP4 than LP4 group at 12 and 24 h, with no further differences. FSH concentrations were similar (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.89) from 0 to 60 h but increased from 72 to 120 h in HP4 group (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.04). Although the time of emergence did not differ (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.12), in HP4 group, the number of follicles (≥4 mm) was smaller (6.9 ± 0.5 &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; 9.4 ± 0.4; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.01) and the time of deviation was slightly delayed (5.7 ± 0.2 &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; 5.2 ± 0.2 d; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.04), compared to LP4 group. Moreover, although the follicular development by the time of deviation was not affected (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.59), the follicular growth by Day 7 was slower in HP4 group, resulting in a smaller dominant follicle (7.7 ± 0.2 &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; 8.8 ± 0.4 mm; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.01) and a tendency for lower E2 concentrations (1.1 ± 0.2 &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; 1.5","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 117421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional COPA is indispensable for early embryo development beyond major genome activation in bovines","authors":"Dennis Miskel ,&nbsp;Jessica Kurzella ,&nbsp;Franca Rings ,&nbsp;Ernst Tholen ,&nbsp;Dawit Tesfaye ,&nbsp;Karl Schellander ,&nbsp;Dessie Salilew-Wondim ,&nbsp;Eva Held-Hoelker ,&nbsp;Christine Große-Brinkhaus ,&nbsp;Michael Hoelker","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Embryonic genome activation is divided into a minor and a major wave of transition to endogenous transcription. In bovines, minor genome activation begins early in the 2-cell stage and is completed by the 8-cell stage when major genome activation becomes dominant. While the activation of genes known to regulate early development have been studied extensively, genes involved in more central cellular functions have not been examined. Taking advantage of the CRISPR Cas9 system, the present study investigated the effect of knocking out the Golgi retrograde protein transporter <em>COPA</em> on early bovine development. After the electroporation of presumptive zygotes with Cas9 ribonucleoproteins targeting <em>COPA</em> exon 6, sequences of 2 (11 %) and 4-cell (16 %) embryos showed knockouts of <em>COPA</em> whereas 8-cell embryos and blastocysts did not, demonstrating that <em>COPA</em> is necessary for development to the 8-cell stage and beyond. Using a repair template containing silent mutations along the target site, <em>COPA</em> loss of wildtype was observed in 5 blastocysts, with successful knock-in of the template on at least one allele. This shows that an edited yet functional copy of <em>COPA</em> can save the developmental capacity of the embryo and demonstrates that Cas9 activity at the target region itself is not responsible for the loss of function. Together, the present study revealed that <em>COPA</em> is necessary for embryonic development, and that the timing of this necessity is before major genome activation onset. More generally, this study further demonstrates the utility of genome editing within reproductive biotechnology for the interrogation of gene function and early embryonic development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 117415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of SIRS and qSOFA in the diagnosis of sepsis in dogs with pyometra","authors":"Hatice Esra Çolakoğlu ,&nbsp;Ecenur Karaca","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to evaluate the usability of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and <em>quick sequential organ failure assessment</em> (qSOFA) scores developed for the rapid, reliable and accurate detection of sepsis and organ damage in dogs with pyometra. In the study, dogs with clinical findings (depression, anorexia, weakness, polyuria, polydipsia, fever), diagnosed with pyometra as a result of gynecological, clinical and laboratory examinations and treated surgically (n = 20) were included in the pyometra group. Healthy dogs that underwent routine ovariohysterectomy (n = 20) were added to the control group. In both groups, complete blood and serum biochemistry (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, albumin, creatine kinase) analyses were performed at the time of diagnosis in the preoperative period. SIRS and qSOFA scores were measured in both groups before surgery and on the third postoperative day. According to the data obtained as a result of the study, the sensitivity and selectivity of qSOFA score in the diagnosis of pyometra were determined to be 65 % and 100 %, respectively. SIRS score was found to have a sensitivity of 95 % and a selectivity of 100 %. The AUC values of SIRS and qSOFA scores were determined as 0.985 and 0.896, respectively. These results indicate that the qSOFA score has good performance in the diagnosis of pyometra, but lower accuracy than the SIRS score, and the SIRS score has high accuracy in the diagnosis of dogs with pyometra. SIRS is a more accurate and reliable screening tool in the diagnosis of dogs with pyometra at risk of sepsis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 117420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}