2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the differences between direct and indirect interdependencies and their impact on reliability in cyber-power networks","authors":"B. Falahati, S. Kahrobaee, Omid Ziaee, P. Gharghabi","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333481","url":null,"abstract":"With the emergence of smart grids, cyber-power network applications have increased dramatically. A cyberpower system is a type of cyber-physical system where the physical network is the high-voltage power network. In these applications, the cyber network controls, protects and monitors the power system. Without the cyber network and communication system, the efficient and reliable operation of the power network is not possible. Previous studies have subdivided cyber-power dependencies into direct and indirect interdependencies. This paper discusses these two types of interdependencies and compares their impact on power network reliability. The paper also details applications of each interdependency. To better illustrate differences, a numerical case study is presented and results are compared.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124123056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A spatially explicit assessment of water use by the global semiconductor industry","authors":"Kali Frost, I. Hua","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333525","url":null,"abstract":"The semiconductor industry utilizes vast freshwater resources for its high-tech manufacturing processes. This work will enumerate the impact of the global semiconductor manufacturing industry on water resources. A global inventory of semiconductor manufacturing capacity, in combination with an approximation of water use required to manufacture an individual semiconductor chip, will be used to estimate water consumption by each semiconductor fabrication facility and globally. A simplified water stress assessment will be conducted by multiplying facility water use data by a water scarcity factor. Maps of the scarcity weighted water use will be used to identify watersheds that may be disproportionately impacted by semiconductor manufacturing water use. This may be especially important for regions of growth in the semiconductor industry such as China and Southeast Asia. Once these areas have been identified a detailed water footprint for the facilities located in the subwatershed of interest can be conducted.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121072138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hierarchical droop controlled frequency optimization and energy management of a grid-connected microgrid","authors":"Sima Aznavi, P. Fajri, M. Benidris, B. Falahati","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333521","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a frequency security based Energy Management System (EMS) for a hierarchically controlled grid-connected microgrid. The centralized hierarchical EMS is based on precise energy scheduling of droop controlled inverter interfaced Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). A Latin Hypercube Sampling based methodology is applied to model the uncertainties caused by Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), load deviations, and DERs. Simulations are performed on a microgrid in a grid-connected mode. The results verify the effectiveness of considering droop controlled inverter interfaced DERs in preserving the frequency in a hierarchical energy management system. Using this approach, unpredicted changes in the power output of RESs are controlled and microgrid frequency security is satisfied.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132482827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interoperable toolchains in cyber-physical systems with a sustainability perspective","authors":"Didem Gürdür, Katja Tasala Gradin","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333471","url":null,"abstract":"The development of cyber-physical systems (CPS) requires various engineering disciplines, artifacts, and areas of expertise to collaborate. Powerful software tools are used during this development process, but while successful in one individual discipline, it is often challenging to integrate with other tools. Several studies have been done on integration solutions for these toolchains. However, the possibility of including the sustainability concept to the interoperability strategies is rarely studied. This paper discusses an approach to include sustainability aspects while improving the interoperability of toolchains in CPS manufacturing. To this end, an automobile manufacturing process has been studied as a use case, and relevant sustainability metrics for each stage of the process are identified. Life cycle sustainability assessment methodology is used to identify the sustainability metrics, and the use case is employed to exemplify how some of these metrics can be integrated with interoperable toolchains to illustrate the applicability of the approach.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127016090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying innovations in circulator pump technology for commercial building applications","authors":"B. Vairamohan, M. Samotyj, Nick Pournaras, Brian Christopher Harrison","doi":"10.1109/sustech.2017.8333508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sustech.2017.8333508","url":null,"abstract":"As government regulations push for higher efficiency in motors and motor driven systems, newer motor technologies, sensors and controls are being developed and introduced into the mainstream marketplace. However, the adoption of these new energy saving technologies is lower because of a lack of awareness of the benefits of emerging technologies. One of these \"unknown\" technologies is the circulator pumps that are used principally for central heating systems and more common in Europe. There are approximately 14 million circulator pumps sold in Europe annually, which is expected to grow to 17 million (at a growth rate of 1.4%) by 2020. The installed base could be approximately 140 million or more circulator pumps. The total energy consumed by all the circulator pumps in Europe alone in 2005 was approximately 50 TWh, and is expected to rise as high as 55 TWh in 2020. In the U.S., there are approximately 30 million installations of circulator pumps with annual sales of approximately 3 million units. EPRI conducted laboratory tests on the selected \"new design\" circular pump in 2013. Test results show that the selected pump (commercial name Magna 3) use at least 41% less power than an equivalent baseline pump. The permanent magnet motor along with the feedback loop control using a microprocessor-based controller helps reduce the overall power consumption of this circulator pump. The microprocessor constantly learns the system requirements and usage pattern and adjusts the speed of the pump by changing the pump performance curve. One of the shortcomings of the laboratory tests was that the full capabilities of the pump could not be evaluated due to limited laboratory test conditions. The field demonstration of this pump, therefore, focused on evaluating its additional features and capabilities in a real-life situation. This paper presents the results from the field demonstration of this circulator pump testing and the potential energy savings opportunities under various operating modes. Apart from the energy savings opportunities, the circulator pump also shows significant control system improvements and advanced smart sensors adaptations. This technology also exhibits the potential to reduce both water and energy use in commercial HVAC (centralized heating) as well as other hot water applications.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123970978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the impact of PHEVs on GHG emissions based on various objectives","authors":"B. Falahati, Masood Shahverdi, Saeed Mohajeryami, P. Fajri","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333480","url":null,"abstract":"Technological progress and industrial activities have affected air quality and increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. GHGs are emitted from several sources, such as refineries, power plants and vehicles. The transportation sector contributes significantly to GHG emissions, primarily via vehicles powered by petroleum-based fuels and dispersed throughout residential territories. Plug-in hybrid electrical vehicles (PHEVs), which displace some portion of the petroleum with electricity, play a key role in reducing emissions. However, when power plants generate more electricity, they also produce more pollution. Therefore, utilizing PHEVs does not always guarantee a reduction in GHG emissions. This paper, which focuses on introducing and categorizing GHGs, explores the factors and conditions that make the impact of PHEVs on emissions complex and challenging. This paper also introduces various optimum charging strategies with different objectives. The paper's main objective is to examine the fluctuation of GHGs in response to these strategies. The result of this study depicts the behaviors of the different components of GHGs under different charging strategies.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"25 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121013321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable maximum power extraction from urban solid waste incineration","authors":"M. N. Muñoz, J. Vargas, W. Balmant, A. Arena, Juan C. Ordonez, A. Mariano","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333527","url":null,"abstract":"Urban solid waste production has drastically grown worldwide requiring creative, environmentally correct and sustainable solutions to be developed. This paper considers the basic thermodynamic optimization problem of extracting the most power from a stream of hot exhaust produced by urban solid waste incineration when the contact heat transfer area is fixed. For that, a mathematical model is introduced to evaluate the heat generation rate due to the waste incineration process, and the exergy rate (power) captured by a heat recovery heat exchanger. The numerical results show that when the receiving (cold) stream boils in the counterflow heat exchanger, the thermodynamic optimization consists of locating the optimal capacity rate of the cold stream. At the optimum, the cold side of the heat transfer surface divides itself into three sections: liquid preheating, boiling and vapor superheating. Microalgae cultivation photobioreactors are proposed to treat the produced emissions and increase the global system efficiency for cogeneration of high aggregated value coproducts.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121782325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automation of ultra-light vehicles","authors":"T. Folsom, R. Cotter","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333514","url":null,"abstract":"Most urban trips can be handled by vehicles weighing less than the riders, using 30 times less energy than a car. Such vehicles are commercially available, but not widespread. Automation of bicycle-class vehicles could form the backbone of an urban transportation system. Such a system is competitive with commuter trains in terms of capacity, speed and cost, but uses much less energy since it is not moving the same vehicle weight. This paper presents an open-source system to automate ultra-light vehicles.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131920345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of a DC-DC boost converter with wide bandgap power devices","authors":"Saleh S. Alharbi, A. M. S. Al-bayati, Salah S. Alharbi, M. Matin","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333530","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion systems require fast-switching power devices that are highly efficient with low semiconductor loss under harsh environmental conditions. Silicon (Si) semiconductor devices are nearing their practical limits in meeting the ever-increasing requirements of power converters. However, wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductor devices made from silicon carbide (SiC) are exceeding these limits. SiC power devices enable more efficient and higher performance power converters. This paper presents a non-isolated dc-dc boost converter based on SiC power devices optimized for use in PV systems. The performance of two otherwise identical converters is compared, one with a new SiC MOSFET/SiC Schottky diode, and one with a conventional Si MOSFET/Si diode. A comparison of switching characteristics and energy loss of each semiconductor device is performed at different switch currents. Converter total loss and overall efficiency are evaluated at different switching frequencies, input voltages, and output power levels. The results indicate that the SiC MOSFET/SiC Schottky diode in the converter is more efficient, performs better, and has reduced power loss compared to the Si MOSFET/Si diode.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"327 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120878035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The TripleRM Global Health Management Model (GHMM): Strategic risk management of vector borne infectious diseases to build healthy, sustainable, adaptable and resilient communities: (Strategic global health security risk assessment, resilience planning and resource management in urban and rural envi","authors":"Suraj Sheth","doi":"10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SUSTECH.2017.8333516","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last 30 years, rising global temperatures due to climate change have led to changes in, and proximal to, urban and rural ecosystems. These changes have caused the patterns of transmission of infectious diseases by vectors, such as mosquitoes, to vary considerably. Diseases such as Dengue Fever, Malaria and Zika (caused by the Zika Virus) have re-emerged where they had disappeared, have become more pervasive in the areas they already existed, and have now emerged in cities where they were previously not seen. In order to combat this dangerous trend while meeting the targets set by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, public health officials in charge of urban and rural environments constantly have sought ways to reduce the risk from a disease outbreak. The TripleRM Global Health Management Model (GHMM) can be used for Disease Outbreak and Response in Urban and Rural Environments. It is designed for risk assessment, resilience building and resource management, and can be utilized to research the effectiveness of processes implemented in disease detection and response. The TripleRM Global Health Management Model (GHMM) can be used for reduction or elimination of risk to populations by identifying situational and process vulnerabilities and their impending effects, evaluating current public health controls in place, identifying effective solutions and remedial measures, and recommending a methodology for optimal resource allocation. The TripleRM Global Health Management Model (GHMM) incorporates remedial measures, strategic initiatives designed to integrate adaptability and resiliency, implement policy changes and update emergency response protocols.","PeriodicalId":231217,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123630556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}