The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine最新文献_第2页

Perspectives: on being a visiting scientist. 观点:作为一名访问科学家。

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1067/MLC.2002.123659

R. Zhao

引用次数: 1

Is the serotonin transporter involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension? 5 -羟色胺转运体是否参与肺动脉高压的发病机制?

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1067/MLC.2002.122181

S. Eddahibi, B. Raffestin, M. Hamon, S. Adnot

{"title":"Is the serotonin transporter involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension?","authors":"S. Eddahibi, B. Raffestin, M. Hamon, S. Adnot","doi":"10.1067/MLC.2002.122181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1067/MLC.2002.122181","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations on the effects of serotonin (5-HT) and the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) on the pulmonary circulation are of special interest because of the reported increased risk of primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) in patients who used some appetite suppressants that interfere with 5-HT. In addition to its vasoactive effects, 5-HT exerts mitogenic and comitogenic effects on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). These mitogenic and comitogenic effects require 5-HT internalization by the high-affinity 5-HTT, which can be competitively inhibited by specific drugs such as fluoxetine and paroxetine. In a recent study, we showed that hypoxia increases the rate of 5-HTT gene transcription in PASMCs and potentiates the growth-promoting effect of 5-HT on these cells. An increase in the levels of 5-HTT messenger ribonucleic acid was observed in smooth-muscle cells from remodeled pulmonary arteries in rats subjected to long-term hypoxia. Two series of especially relevant data further support the idea that 5-HT plays a key role in PASMC proliferation in vivo: (1) treatments that increase plasma 5-HT levels aggravate pulmonary hypertension in rats subjected to long-term hypoxia, and this effect can be prevented by combined simultaneous treatment with 5-HTT inhibitors; and (2) knockout mice with disruption of the 5-HTT gene exhibit lesser degree of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular remodeling than control mice despite increased hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. These observations indicate that 5-HTT expression, activity, or both in PASMCs contribute to pulmonary vascular remodeling and that the inducing effects of some appetite suppressants on pulmonary hypertension may be related to possible effects of these drugs on 5-HTT expression, activity, or both.","PeriodicalId":23085,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine","volume":"110 1","pages":"194-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79601992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 77

Nasal lavage as a tool for the assessment of upper-airway inflammation in adults and children. 鼻灌洗作为评估成人和儿童上呼吸道炎症的工具。

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Pub Date : 2002-03-01 DOI: 10.1067/MLC.2002.121661

Lydia Nikasinovic-Fournier, J. Just, N. Seta, F. Callais, F. Sahraoui, A. Grimfeld, I. Momas

{"title":"Nasal lavage as a tool for the assessment of upper-airway inflammation in adults and children.","authors":"Lydia Nikasinovic-Fournier, J. Just, N. Seta, F. Callais, F. Sahraoui, A. Grimfeld, I. Momas","doi":"10.1067/MLC.2002.121661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1067/MLC.2002.121661","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of respiratory allergies has increased over the last 20 years, highlighting the need for a simple and noninvasive tool to investigate, in a clinical and epidemiological context, airway-inflammation mechanisms encountered in allergic and inflammatory processes. The nose, as the first region of the respiratory tract to come in contact with airborne pollutants, is easily explored with the use of nasal lavage (NL). We evaluated an NL method for adults and children, along with its reproducibility and capacity to separate different subgroups. NL reproducibility, assessed in 10 healthy, nonsmoking adults on three different occasions, was determined with the use of the intraclass coefficient of correlation for such inflammatory markers as total cell count, albumin, urea, neutrophil elastase, alpha(1)-antitrypsin, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8. Using this NL method, we analyzed nasal markers of 50 healthy adults (smokers and nonsmokers) and 12 healthy children. Our NL method demonstrated high reproducibility with regard to total cell count, albumin, urea, and alpha(1)-antitrypsin (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.75). Compared with NL results in nonsmokers, NL in heavy smokers revealed significant increased concentrations of total cell counts and interleukin-8 and significant decreased concentrations of interleukin-6. These findings suggest that NL can be used as a tool in the assessment of inflammation because it has the correct reproducibility and can discriminate between heavy smokers and nonsmokers. Moreover, the use of this standardized method in children is feasible.","PeriodicalId":23085,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"173-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82973566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

GpIIb/IIIa is the main receptor for initial platelet adhesion to glass and titanium surfaces in contact with whole blood. GpIIb/IIIa是与全血接触的玻璃和钛表面初始血小板粘附的主要受体。

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Pub Date : 2002-03-01 DOI: 10.1067/MLC.2002.121604

M. Broberg, C. Eriksson, H. Nygren

{"title":"GpIIb/IIIa is the main receptor for initial platelet adhesion to glass and titanium surfaces in contact with whole blood.","authors":"M. Broberg, C. Eriksson, H. Nygren","doi":"10.1067/MLC.2002.121604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1067/MLC.2002.121604","url":null,"abstract":"Platelets are the first cells to adhere to a surface in contact with blood and are capable of mediating several different responses after contact with different protein-coated surfaces. They are the main source of growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor and are therefore important in the healing process. In this study, initial platelet adhesion to and spread on hydrophilic and hydrophobic (methylized) glass and titanium with similar wettability were investigated. Whole coagulating blood was used to simulate the in vivo situation shortly after implantation, in which bleeding precedes inflammation and wound healing. Several different antibodies directed against platelet integrins and receptors (CD9, FcgammaRII, GPIIb/IIIa, vitronectin receptor, GPIb/V/IX) were used in an attempt to block platelet adhesion to the surfaces. Immunofluorescence results show that initial platelet adhesion to all the surfaces we investigated can be almost completely inhibited (approximately 95%) by clone M148, an antibody against the GPIIb/IIIa complex (integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3); CD41/CD61), but not with other antibodies to the separate parts of the integrin. Antibodies known to inhibit fibrinogen binding to GPIIb/IIIa after adenosine diphosphate- and collagen- induced aggregation had very little effect on initial platelet adhesion. None of the other integrins were found to have such an effect on initial platelet adhesion. Antibody clone M148 was furthermore found to inhibit platelet spreading. This study shows that regardless of wettability and the biomaterial used, initial adhesion of platelets appears to be mediated by GPIIb/IIIa binding to surface adsorbed fibrinogen.","PeriodicalId":23085,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine","volume":"100 1","pages":"163-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79499958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 54

Blood concentrations of lead and erythropoietin. 血铅和促红细胞生成素的浓度。

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Pub Date : 2002-02-01 DOI: 10.1067/MLC.2002.121333

B. Porcelli, L. Terzuoli, B. Frosi, R. Pagani, L. Montomoli, R. Romeo, P. Sartorelli

引用次数: 2

Role of a novel soluble nucleotide phospho-hydrolase from sheep plasma in inhibition of platelet reactivity: hemostasis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. 绵羊血浆中一种新型可溶性核苷酸磷酸水解酶在血小板反应性抑制中的作用:止血、血栓形成和血管生物学。

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Pub Date : 2002-02-01 DOI: 10.1067/MLC.2002.121334

A. Birk, Darya Bubman, M. Broekman, H. Robertson, J. Drosopoulos, A. Marcus, H. Szeto

{"title":"Role of a novel soluble nucleotide phospho-hydrolase from sheep plasma in inhibition of platelet reactivity: hemostasis, thrombosis, and vascular biology.","authors":"A. Birk, Darya Bubman, M. Broekman, H. Robertson, J. Drosopoulos, A. Marcus, H. Szeto","doi":"10.1067/MLC.2002.121334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1067/MLC.2002.121334","url":null,"abstract":"Ecto- and exoenzymes that metabolize extracellular adenosine diphosphate (ADP), the major promoter of platelet activation and recruitment, are of potential clinical importance because they can metabolically prevent excessive thrombus growth. An ecto-ADPase (CD39, NTPDase1) has been identified on endothelial cells. We demonstrate that ADP and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are rapidly metabolized to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in sheep plasma at pH 7.4. This hydrolysis is sensitive to P(1), P(5)-di-(adenosine-5') pentaphosphate (Ap(5)A), and ethylene glycol bis (beta-aminoethyl ether) - N, N, N(-), N(-) tetra-acetate (EGTA) but insensitive to tetramisole (an alkaline phosphatase inhibitor). A specific phosphodiesterase substrate, p -nitrophenol-5'-thymidine monophosphate (TMP) (p -Nph-5'-TMP), was readily hydrolyzed in sheep plasma at a rate of approximately 0.25 nmol/min/mg protein, and this hydrolysis was inhibited by ADP, ATP, and Ap(5)A. Furthermore, 200-fold purified p -Nph-5'-TMP-hydrolyzing activity also hydrolyzed ATP and ADP directly to AMP. When ADP was preincubated in plasma, its ability to induce platelet aggregation was inhibited in a time-dependent manner. This effect was abolished by Ap(5)A. The inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation correlated with hydrolysis of the ADP in plasma. These data suggest that the endogenous soluble plasma phosphohydrolase metabolizes ATP and ADP by means of cleavage of the alpha-beta-phosphodiester bond of nucleoside 5'-phosphate derivatives. This novel biochemical activity inhibits platelet reactivity through hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides released by activated platelets during (patho)physiological processes, serving a homeostatic and antithrombotic function in vivo.","PeriodicalId":23085,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine","volume":"66 8 1","pages":"116-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81697669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

The iron-loaded gerbil model revisited: effects of deferoxamine and deferiprone treatment. 重访含铁沙鼠模型:去铁胺和去铁素治疗的效果。

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1067/MLC.2002.120364

C. Hershko, G. Link, A. Konijn, M. Huerta, E. Rosenmann, C. Reinus

{"title":"The iron-loaded gerbil model revisited: effects of deferoxamine and deferiprone treatment.","authors":"C. Hershko, G. Link, A. Konijn, M. Huerta, E. Rosenmann, C. Reinus","doi":"10.1067/MLC.2002.120364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1067/MLC.2002.120364","url":null,"abstract":"Although the beneficial effects of deferoxamine (DFO) on iron-associated morbidity and mortality are well documented, the role of deferiprone (L1) in the management of transfusional iron overload is controversial. This debate involves not only the question of efficacy but also of safety, with particular emphasis on the risk of a paradoxical aggravation of iron toxicity by L1. We used the iron-loaded gerbil model introduced by Carthew et al to compare the chelating efficacy of L1, DFO, or both in two gerbil strains treated by means of weekly iron-dextran injections: Psammomys obesus and pathogen-free Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). The difference between the high mortality and advanced hepatocellular necrosis observed in iron-loaded P obesus and the absence of mortality and limited morbidity encountered in pathogen-free Mongolian gerbils is most likely explained by the prevention of coincidental laboratory infections in the latter group. Iron-chelating treatment in all experimental groups resulted in a significant decrease in hepatic iron concentrations and normalization of mitochondrial respiratory enzyme activities, with combined L1 and DFO treatment being the most efficient, followed, in decreasing order, by DFO and L1 as single-drug treatments. Judged by tissue iron concentrations, mitochondrial enzyme activity, and hepatic histology, we could find no evidence of a paradoxical aggravation of iron toxicity by L1 in either of the two series of studies. Although these data appear to be reassuring, the present controversy related to the role of L1 in the development of hepatic cirrhosis should be eventually settled by clinical studies evaluating the effects of long-term iron-chelating treatment.","PeriodicalId":23085,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine","volume":"115 1","pages":"50-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80858624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

Role of bile mucin in bacterial adherence to biliary stents. 胆粘蛋白在胆道支架细菌粘附中的作用。

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1067/MLC.2002.120257

Hongjun Zhang, T. Tsang, C. A. Jack, J. Pollack

{"title":"Role of bile mucin in bacterial adherence to biliary stents.","authors":"Hongjun Zhang, T. Tsang, C. A. Jack, J. Pollack","doi":"10.1067/MLC.2002.120257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1067/MLC.2002.120257","url":null,"abstract":"Biliary stent placement is a well-established method of relieving obstructive jaundice. However, a frequent complication is occlusion of the stent caused by bacterial biofilm formation and sludge accumulation. In this study we investigated the possible effect of bile mucin on bacterial adherence to biliary stents at the initial stage of biofilm formation. By means of an in vitro bile-perfusion system, polyethylene stents were perfused with pig gallbladder bile infected with Escherichia coli. The concentrations of mucin in the pig bile were adjusted with purified mucin. The amount of bacteria adhering to the inner surface of the stents was measured and compared for stents perfused with bile containing various concentrations of mucin. Furthermore, we conditioned the stent inner surface with purified pig bile mucin and observed the effect of the conditioning on subsequent bacterial adherence. In addition, a common method for assaying bacterial adhesion with polystyrene microtiter plates was also used in this study. The results demonstrated that more bacteria adhered to the inner surface of stents perfused with bile containing 5 mg/mL mucin than of those perfused with bile containing 0.5 and 0 mg/mL mucin. Increased bacterial adherence was demonstrated on the stent surfaces conditioned with purified mucin compared with that seen on the nonconditioned stent surfaces. The optical densities indicating bacterial adhesion in the microtiter plate wells precoated with mucin were higher than those in non-coated plate wells. The in vitro results indicate that when a biliary stent is implanted in vivo, mucin in bile may condition the stent inner surface, modulate subsequent bacterial adherence to the surface, and participate in stent occlusion.","PeriodicalId":23085,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine","volume":"97 1","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77808052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Lysophosphatidic acid augments fibroblast-mediated contraction of released collagen gels. 溶血磷脂酸增强成纤维细胞介导的释放的胶原凝胶收缩。

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1067/MLC.2002.120650

T. Mio, Xiangde Liu, M. Toews, S. Rennard

引用次数: 21

Potentiation of human lung fibroblast chemotaxis by the thromboxane A(2) analog U-46619. 血栓素A(2)类似物U-46619增强人肺成纤维细胞趋化性。

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1067/MLC.2002.120540

T. Kohyama, X. Liu, F. Wen, H. J. Kim, H. Takizawa, S. Rennard

{"title":"Potentiation of human lung fibroblast chemotaxis by the thromboxane A(2) analog U-46619.","authors":"T. Kohyama, X. Liu, F. Wen, H. J. Kim, H. Takizawa, S. Rennard","doi":"10.1067/MLC.2002.120540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1067/MLC.2002.120540","url":null,"abstract":"Fibroblast production of extracellular matrix is crucial not only for normal tissue development and maintenance of tissue structure but also for the repair and remodeling processes after injury. Thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) is a potent mediator in inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TXA(2) on chemotaxis of human fetal lung (HFL-1) fibroblasts induced by human plasma fibronectin or platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB). By using the blindwell chamber technique, the TXA(2) agonist U-46619 alone had no chemotactic activity. However, U-46619 (200 nmol/L) stimulated HFL-1 fibroblast chemotaxis to human plasma fibronectin (20 microg/mL; 161.8% +/- 13.4%; P <.005) and to PDGF-BB (10 ng/mL; 188.5% +/- 7.0%; P <.005). Checkerboard analysis of human plasma fibronectin-directed migration confirmed that the TXA(2) agonist increased both chemotaxis and chemokinesis. The stimulatory effect of the TXA(2) agonist was concentration dependent and increased with time. Another agent known for stimulating the protein kinase C pathway, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (10(-8) mol/L), had a similar effect, stimulating chemotaxis to fibronectin (146.2% +/- 8.6%). The stimulatory effect of the TXA(2) agonist on HFL-1 fibroblast chemotaxis was inhibited by the synthetic thromboxane receptor antagonist SQ29,548 (10(-5) mol/L) and the protein kinase C inhibitor calphostin (10(-7) mol/L). In summary, TXA(2) appears to stimulate fibroblast chemotaxis to fibronectin and PDGF, perhaps by modulating the rate of fibroblast migration. Such an effect may contribute to regulation of wound healing and the development of fibrotic disorders.","PeriodicalId":23085,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine","volume":"67 1","pages":"43-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89052589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9