The Open Electrochemistry Journal最新文献

{"title":"Electrochemical Reduction of Formic Acid on a Copper-Tin-Lead Cathode","authors":"I. Kotoulas, A. Schizodimou, G. Kyriacou","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01305010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01305010008","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical reduction of formic acid in acidic solution (2 mol L -1 HCl) on a Cu(88)Sn(6)Pb(6) cathode was studied. The main products of the reduction were methanol and ethanol having %Current Efficiencies (CEs) of 30.3 and 37.6% respectively at -0.8 V vs Ag/AgCl. Small amounts of methane and ethane were also detected. The rate of the reduction increased exponentially with the negative potential in the range -0.65 to -1.00 V and the maximum of the %CE was observed at -0.8 V. The rate of the reduction of HCOOH increased slightly with the concentration of HCOOH. In pure HCOOH as electrolyte a noticeable amount of CH3CHO (17.1%) was detected. A possible reduction mechanism was proposed in which the adsorbed CO is the key intermediate for the formation of all the products.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"8-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78822439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Buffer Standards for the Physiological pH of N-(2-Hydroxyethyl) piperazine-N'-4-butanesulfonic Acid (HEPBS) from 5 to 55 °C","authors":"L. N. Roy, R. Roy, K. A. Allen, Casey J. Mehrhoff, Isaac B. Henson, Jessica M. Stegner, Zachary M. Downs","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01204010020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01204010020","url":null,"abstract":"The pH values of six buffer solutions of equal compositions on the molal scale and eight buffer solutions hav- ing ionic strengths (I = 0.16 mol·kg -1 ) similar to the concentration of blood plasma have been evaluated at 12 temperatures from 5 to 55 °C using the Bates-Guggenheim convention and extended Debye-Huckel equation. The values of Ej for the buffer solution of HEPBS have been obtained from the flowing junction cell measurement. These values of Ej have been used to ascertain the operational pH values at 25 and 37 °C for HEPBS buffer solution. The pH values at 25 and 37 °C are 7.415 and 7.395, respectively, for physiological phosphate buffer solutions. The zwitterionic buffer HEPBS was shown to be useful as a secondary pH standard in the region close to that of blood serum.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"60 1","pages":"20-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88650832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-electrode in Mechanistic Study of Lipoxygenase with Fatty Acids from Cooking Palm Oil","authors":"Zahraa A. Jarjes, M. Samian, S. A. Ghani","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01204010013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01204010013","url":null,"abstract":"In this work a two-enzyme system catalyzing two consecutive reactions, namely, (i) Candida rugosa lipase type VII hydrolyzed the cooking palm oil producing fatty acids and (ii) soybean lipoxygenase-1 (type I-B) (SLO) in modified Nafion membrane carbon electrode oxidized the fatty acids to generate cathodic current. The hydrolysis was optimum at pH 7.5, temperature 37 °C, incubation time 60 min and the respective weights of enzyme and substrate 0.1 and 2 g. Cyclic voltammograms at the optimized conditions showed that the introduction of lipase to the substrate of oil emulsion has increased the cathodic current density. Parameters such as potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7) and SLO (0.4 mg mL-1) were also crucial for a higher current density. The dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, used to modify the Nafion membrane, was found to be the most suitable salt for the immobilization of the lipoxygenase enzyme. The results indicate that this could provide the basis for the construction of a bio-cathode in the bio-fuel cell.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80420453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodical Distribution of Discrete Gold Islands in Electrodeposition","authors":"S. Hossain, M. Saitou","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01204010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01204010009","url":null,"abstract":"Discrete gold islands formed in electrodeposition have been investigated using an island pair distribution function (IDF) as the analogy of the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) and the Fourier image analysis. An oscillatory plot in the IDF, the two halo and streak patterns in the Fourier-transformed image indicate that the gold islands have a weak periodical structure. The Monte Carlo simulation for the distribution of gold islands with no interplay or the repulsive Coulomb force well explains the origin of the periodical structure.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":"9-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81358601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Film Formation and Anticorrosive Behavior of Zn-ZSM-5 Nano-Sized Zeolite Composite Coatings","authors":"H. Safaei, M. Safaei, V. Rahmanian","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01204010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01204010001","url":null,"abstract":"The zinc- Zeolite Socony Mobil-Five nano-particles (Zn-ZSM-5 NPs) composite was prepared and applied successfully as a new coating material to improve the corrosion resistance of steel. The corrosion type and quality of both pure zinc and our new coating material, Zn-ZSM-5 NPs, were studied using mass loss, impedance and electro-chemical polarization techniques in a sodium chloride solution. Obtained results affirm that Zn-ZSM-5 NPs are non-permeable and their corrosion resistance is higher than the pure zinc. The surface morphology of our newly synthesized coating material, Zn-ZSM-5 NPs, was investigated using SEM and X-ray diffraction and the smaller grain size was observed in comparison with the pure zinc coating. Keyword: Zeolite Socony Mobil-Five (ZSM-5), Zeolite nano-particles, Corrosion, Composite coating, zinc.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88900163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-Dependence of Deposition Rate and Current Efficiency in Platinum Electrodeposition at a Fixed Average Current Density","authors":"M. Saitou, S. Teruya, S. Hossain","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01103010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01103010001","url":null,"abstract":"We have investigated the formation of a platinum thin film from a simple solution of dihydrogen hexachloro- platinate in a low temperature range of 283 to 295 K by a pulse current technique. Despite the low temperature, the platinum thin film observed with a confocal laser scanning microscope does not comprise particle aggregates but dense layer with a small surface roughness that tends to saturate at an initial growth stage. The deposition rate and current efficiency at a fixed average current density are evidently dependent on temperature. The analysis of the mol weight of platinum deposit based on two electrochemical reactions proposed in platinum electrodeposition elucidates the tempera- ture dependence characterized by a thermal activation process.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"101 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86747039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dapsone: A Novel Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acid Media","authors":"Ambrish Singh, A. Singh, M. Quraishi","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01002010043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01002010043","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 by dapsone were studied by polarization resis-tance, Tafel polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and weight loss measurement. Results obtained revealed that inhibition occurs through adsorption of the drug on metal surface without modifying the mechanism of corrosion process. Potentiodynamic polarization suggested that it acts as a mixed type predominantly cathodic in HCl and predominantly anodic in H 2 SO 4 . Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the mechanism of corrosion inhibition. Thermodynamic parameters such as E a , ° \u0001 Ha , ° \u0001 Sa , ° \u0001 Hads were calculated to investigate mechanism of inhibition. The adsorption of dapsone followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Keywords: Mild steel, Acid solution, weight loss, EIS, Drug. 1. INTRODUCTION Inhibition of corrosion of mild steel is a matter of theo-retical as well as practical importance [1]. Acids are widely used in industries such as pickling, cleaning, descaling etc. Because of their aggressiveness, inhibitors are used to reduce the rate of dissolution of metals. Compounds containing ni-trogen, sulphur and oxygen have been reported as excellent inhibitors [2-7]. The efficiency of an organic compound as an inhibitor is mainly dependent on its ability to get adsorbed on metal surface which consists of a replacement of water molecule at a corroding interface. The adsorption of these compounds is influenced by the electronic structure of inhib-iting molecules, steric factor, aromatic, and electron density at donor site, presence of functional group such as –CHO, –N=N, R–OH etc., molecular area and molecular weight of the inhibitor molecule [8-11]. A large number of organic compounds are known to be applicable as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel [12, 13]. However, only a few non-toxic and eco-friendly compounds have been investigated as corrosion inhibitors. Tryptamine, Succinic acid, L-ascorbic acid, Sulfamethoxazole and Ce-fatrexyl, were found to be effective inhibitors for acid envi-ronments. Dithiobiurets exhibited the best performance to-wards the corrosion of mild steel in HCl solutions showed very less toxicity [14-19]. The inhibitive effect of four anti-bacterial drugs, namely Ampicillin, Cloxacillin, Flucloxacil-lin and Amoxicillin towards the corrosion of aluminum was investigated [20]. The inhibition action of these drugs was attributed to blocking the surface","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"103 1","pages":"43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81660062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Behavior of 1,2,4-Triazole and Benzotriazole at Glassy Carbon Electrode in Acidic Media~!2010-01-15~!2010-06-14~!2010-07-06~!","authors":"S. Lokesh, A. Satpati, B. S. Sherigara","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01002010015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01002010015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83574776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of Pesticides~!2010-02-01~!2010-06-30~!2010-07-21~!","authors":"G. Mostafa","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01002010022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01002010022","url":null,"abstract":"Biosensors have been developed for the detection of pesticides using integrated enzymes, antibodies, cell and DNA-based biosensors. Enzymatic determination of pesticides is most often based on inhibition of the activity of selected enzymes such as cholinesterase, acid phosphatase, ascorbate oxidase, acetolactate synthase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Enzymatic Biosensors were developed using various electrochemical signal transducers and different electrodes. Various immobilization protocols used for the formation of a biorecognition interface are also discussed: In addition, techniques of regeneration, single amplification, and miniaturization are evaluated for the development of immunosensor. Both batch and flow-injection analyses with enzyme biosensors are most intensively developed. It included that, in the future, com- pact, disposable and portable devices especially designed for in-field analysis with high sensitivity, selectivity; develop- ment of arrays and multiple sensors will continue another area of intensive research for biosensors.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"22-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75085600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Diffusion Coefficient of Isopropanol in Alkaline Medium using Electrochemical Methods on Pd Electrode~!2009-12-09~!2010-02-20~!2010-06-09~!","authors":"Dongyao Wang, Shengzhou Chen, Jianping Liu, Chang-Wei Xu","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01002010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01002010011","url":null,"abstract":"The diffusion coefficient of isopropanol in alkaline medium using electrochemical methods on Pd electrode has been studied by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) with different sweep rate and chronoamperometry in 1.0 M KOH solution containing 1.0 M isopropanol. Isopropanol oxidation on the Pd electrode is an irreversible charge-transport process and controlled by a diffusion process. The diffusion coefficient of isopropanol on the Pd electrode is obtained as 1.01 10 -6 cm 2 s -1 using the LSV method and 1.06 10 -6 cm 2 s -1 using the chronoamperometry method. The average diffusion coefficient of isopropanol is 1.04 10 -6 cm 2 s -1 .","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"11-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80669987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}