Takahiro Sato, H. Kinoshita, Takashi Kobayashi, N. Miyakoshi
{"title":"Lumbar Solitary Osteochondroma with Lower Extremity Weakness: A Case Report","authors":"Takahiro Sato, H. Kinoshita, Takashi Kobayashi, N. Miyakoshi","doi":"10.2174/18743250-v16-e2206270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18743250-v16-e2206270","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Osteochondroma is the most common benign bone tumor. However, osteochondroma of the spine is relatively rare, accounting for only 4% to 7% of primary benign spinal tumors and less than 3% of all osteochondromas. Furthermore, symptomatic osteochondroma in the lumbar spine is much rarer. We herein describe a patient who was diagnosed with a lumbar solitary osteochondroma causing neurological symptoms of the lower extremities. The patient successfully underwent surgical removal of the lesion.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A 79-year-old man presented with a 3-year history of difficulty walking and gradual development of numbness in his left upper extremity, which further exacerbated his difficulty walking. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography revealed spinal stenosis at C3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1 and an osseous solitary lesion. We performed a single-stage operation of both the cervical and lumbar spine. The osseous solitary lesion at L5/S1 was removed, and the pathological diagnosis was osteochondroma. After the operation, the patient’s upper extremity numbness and walking ability were improved.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We experienced a rare case of a neurologically symptomatic solitary osteochondroma in the lumbar spinal canal. Moreover, this lesion was found at the same time as cervical spondylosis causing numbness. Therefore, we must perform careful examinations and thoroughly evaluate imaging and postoperative pathological findings.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23060,"journal":{"name":"The Open Orthopaedics Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91060267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Gille, Valentin Körner, R. Oheim, A. Paech, H. Mittelstädt, A. Schulz, J. Schagemann
{"title":"Dynamic Postural Stability after Cartilage Repair in the Knee","authors":"J. Gille, Valentin Körner, R. Oheim, A. Paech, H. Mittelstädt, A. Schulz, J. Schagemann","doi":"10.2174/18743250-v16-e2206300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18743250-v16-e2206300","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Articular cartilage has an exceptionally poor capacity for healing, but Autologous Matrix Induced Chondrogenesis is a procedure with a substantial body of literature that demonstrates its performance in chondral and osteochondral repair. However, data concerning dynamic postural stability after cartilage repair procedures is lacking.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Therefore, the present study was designed to assess postural stability following cartilage repair in the knee.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 20 adults had undergone Autologous Matrix Induced Chondrogenesis for the treatment of full-thickness cartilage defects, with minimum 36 months of follow-up. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by patient reported outcome measures while dynamic postural stability was assessed using the star excursion balance test. The untreated, contralateral limbs served as controls.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 At a mean follow-up of 43 months, patients reported a Visual Analog Score for pain of 1.6±2.2, a mean Lysholm score of 78.5±17.9 and a mean Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score of 143.3±16.1. The star excursion balance test showed no significant difference between limbs.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 With no difference in dynamic postural stability, our results indicate that this treatment provides a positive clinical outcome, with no deficits in postural stability when compared to the contralateral, untreated leg.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23060,"journal":{"name":"The Open Orthopaedics Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90052546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ng, Tai Hong Andrew Lung, L. Y. Cheng, Yin-Ling Ng
{"title":"Brace Prescription for Adult Scoliosis - Literature Review","authors":"S. Ng, Tai Hong Andrew Lung, L. Y. Cheng, Yin-Ling Ng","doi":"10.2174/18743250-v16-e2205270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18743250-v16-e2205270","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The 2021 SOSORT guidelines stipulated that braces be prescribed for adult scoliosis with chronic pain and progressive curve. Yet, there have been no objective protocols relating to the prescription of the brace. Therefore, this review investigates if there are any objective criteria or generally agreed on protocols for brace prescription in adult scoliosis patients.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Relevant papers were searched in PUBMED. Only articles that are in English and cover the clinical aspect of adult scoliosis bracing are included.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of twelve papers were identified. They include different adult scoliosis braces, ranging from elastic belts to rigid braces. The treatment protocol varied tremendously. No objective criteria were found concerning the prescription of a brace, daily wearing time, duration of the intervention, and weaning protocol. The brace treatment was primarily employed to manage low back pain.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our search showed no objective criteria and clear indications for bracing and no consensus concerning the prescription of braces, daily wearing time, and duration of the intervention for patients with adult scoliosis.\u0000 The authors proposed prescription of a brace be based on more objective radiological criteria and severity of low back pain. Brace prescription should depend on the flexibility of the curve and can range from accommodative to rigid braces of corrective design. “Corrective” brace has to be worn at least 14 hours daily for six months or until the low back pain subsides to the extent that permits daily activities with minimal discomfort. “Accommodative” brace can be worn when required.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23060,"journal":{"name":"The Open Orthopaedics Journal","volume":"273 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77549674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Daoub, Pedro Miguel Oliveira Ferreira, S. Cheruvu, Matthew Walker, W. Gibson, G. Orfanos, Rohit Singh
{"title":"Humeral Shaft Fractures: A Literature Review on Current Treatment Methods","authors":"A. Daoub, Pedro Miguel Oliveira Ferreira, S. Cheruvu, Matthew Walker, W. Gibson, G. Orfanos, Rohit Singh","doi":"10.2174/18743250-v16-e2112091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18743250-v16-e2112091","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, we aim to provide a concise yet comprehensive summation of the assessment and management of humeral shaft fractures. These are uncommon but prevalent enough that they are part of any trauma surgeon's scope of practice. They have historically been treated using non-operative methods, including braces and casts, supported by published excellent results in the rate of the bone union. However, recently published studies challenge these results and suggest the outcomes might be better with surgery, but the complications of an operation such as infection and nerve injury can not be overlooked. In summary, non-surgical treatment is still the gold standard in the treatment of these fractures, but the indications for surgical management are now clearer and include early signs of delayed union and patients who are unable to have a brace fitted or are uncompliant. It is likely that these new developments will start to change practice, and therefore the treatment of humeral shaft fractures should be a topic of interest of any clinician who deals with them.","PeriodicalId":23060,"journal":{"name":"The Open Orthopaedics Journal","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85291490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review of Handgrip Strength and its Role as a Herald of Health","authors":"Raquel A. Minasian, S. Kuschner, C. S. Lane","doi":"10.2174/18743250-v16-e2201100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18743250-v16-e2201100","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of grip strength using a handheld dynamometer is frequently performed as part of an orthopedic upper extremity examination. We review the technique of grip strength measurement and evaluation of the possible submaximal effort. What constitutes normal grip strength in one part of the world is not necessarily normal elsewhere. Additionally, there is considerable evidence, most of which is outside the orthopedic literature, that diminished grip strength is a proxy for poor health and a predictor of increased mortality.","PeriodicalId":23060,"journal":{"name":"The Open Orthopaedics Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89748423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rod Walters, John Kasik, Cassie Ettel, Ralph Ortiz
{"title":"Evaluation of Sustained Acoustic Medicine for Treating Musculoskeletal Injuries in Military and Sports Medicine.","authors":"Rod Walters, John Kasik, Cassie Ettel, Ralph Ortiz","doi":"10.2174/18743250-v16-e221130-2022-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18743250-v16-e221130-2022-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Musculoskeletal injuries are common in collegiate, professional, and military personnel and require expedited recovery to reduce lost work time. Sustained acoustic medicine (SAM) provides continuous long-duration ultrasound at 3MHz and 132mW/cm<sup>2</sup>. The treatment is frequently prescribed to treat acute and chronic soft tissue injuries and reduce pain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of SAM treatment for musculoskeletal injuries and accelerated recovery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An 18-question electronic survey and panel discussion were conducted on Athletic Trainers (ATs) using SAM treatment in professional, collegiate, and military sports medicine. The survey included both qualitative and quantitative questions. In addition, a panel discussion discussed SAM effectiveness with expert ATs. Power calculation of sampling and statistical evaluation of data was utilized to generalize the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Survey respondents (n=97) and panelists (n=142) included ATs from all National Athletic Trainers Association districts. SAM was primarily used for musculoskeletal injuries (83.9%, p<0.001) with a focus on healing tendons and ligaments (87.3%, p<0.001). SAM treatment was also used on joints (44.8%), large muscle groups (43.7%), and bone (41.4%). SAM provided clinical improvement in under 2 weeks (68.9%, p<0.001) and a 50% reduction in pain medication (63%, p<0.001). In addition, patients were highly receptive to treatment (87.3%, p<0.001), and ATs had a high level of confidence for improved function and returned to work after 30-days of SAM use (81.2%, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SAM is an effective, safe, easy-to-use, noninvasive, comfortable, and versatile therapeutic for healing musculoskeletal injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":23060,"journal":{"name":"The Open Orthopaedics Journal","volume":"16 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9869494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10618748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical and Radiographic Features of Phalangeal Osteoid Osteoma","authors":"N. Sferopoulos","doi":"10.2174/1874364102115010171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364102115010171","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoid osteoma is a benign osteoblastic tumor of unknown origin. It usually affects children, adolescents and young adults showing a strong male predominance. The tumor has a predilection for the metaphysis or diaphysis of long bones of the lower limbs but it may occur anywhere in the skeleton. It typically consists of a well-demarcated radiolucent rarefied area of bone-forming and prostaglandin-secreting nidus, occupying the midcortex, which is surrounded by an extensive fusiform reactive sclerotic host bone. Reactive sclerosis is usually more pronounced in children. The lesion may also be found in the medulla (spongiosa) of bone. In the cortical presentation, it may rarely occupy the endosteal or subperiosteal surface of the cortex. Intramedullary tumors are usually surrounded by a thin rim of reactive sclerosis and may frequently be periarticular or intraarticular, presenting with synovitis and joint effusion [1 10].","PeriodicalId":23060,"journal":{"name":"The Open Orthopaedics Journal","volume":"12 18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74873122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Primary Hyperparathyroidism in the Common Orthopaedic Practice","authors":"N. Sferopoulos","doi":"10.2174/1874364102115010157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364102115010157","url":null,"abstract":"An extensive review of the publications on primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is presented in this report. It has strongly been emphasized in the literature that patients with pHPT may present either with the classical symptomatology or with asymptomatic disease, emerged due to biochemical screening. The clinical and epidemiological presentation of pHPT in western countries has changed profoundly during the past few decades, and bone disease is nowadays a distinct rarity. The introduction of serum calcium screening for osteoporosis and the technological advances in the laboratory assessment of parathyroid hormone have played important roles in early diagnosis. Subsequently, the disease is increasingly being detected as asymptomatic hypercalcaemia without guiding signs or symptoms. A third type of disease, the normocalcaemic variant, has been recently described in the literature. However, the potential diagnosis of pHPT should always be on the orthopaedics’ list of differential diagnoses in female or elderly patients with vertebral fractures and nephrolithiasis, either symptomatic or asymptomatic, as well as when solitary or multiple osteolytic lesions are encountered on the radiographs.\u0000 Additionally, a middle aged woman with parathyroid adenoma and subsequent brown tumors detected on the pelvic radiographs is reported. Her initial laboratory findings indicated a minimal increase of the serum calcium, a mild increase of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and a significant increase in total serum alkaline phosphatase. Finally, the detection of elevated parathyroid hormone levels indicated the diagnosis of pHPT and necessitated imaging studies of the parathyroid glands, which indicated a parathyroid adenoma. Following successful excision of the parathyroid adenoma, the patient suffered from the hungry bone syndrome. After a follow-up of 20 years, the patient had normal calcium, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone serum levels, while a pelvic radiograph indicated no significant changes in the appearance of the brown tumors.","PeriodicalId":23060,"journal":{"name":"The Open Orthopaedics Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82771120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wataru Kusano, T. Mine, K. Ihara, Y. Tominaga, H. Kawamura, Michio Shinohara, Ryutaro Kuriyama
{"title":"Total Knee Arthroplasty Conversion after Open-wedge High Tibial Osteotomy","authors":"Wataru Kusano, T. Mine, K. Ihara, Y. Tominaga, H. Kawamura, Michio Shinohara, Ryutaro Kuriyama","doi":"10.2174/1874325002115010053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874325002115010053","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Open-wedge High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO) is an effective treatment for Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee; however, postoperative changes due to HTO can make subsequent Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) technically difficult and can affect long-term survival.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Medio-lateral stability along with balanced flexion and extension gaps provides a good functional outcome.\u0000 A 71-year-old man underwent TKA conversion after open-wedge HTO 12 years earlier; the conversion was performed due to arthritic deterioration in the knee. Medial instability was noted because of poor ligament balancing. The residual medial instability was managed with a knee brace due to the unavailability of the constrained prosthesis. Management of persistent mediolateral instability persisting after soft tissue release and balancing ideally requires varus-valgus constraint.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 TKA conversion after open-wedge HTO requires a special technique and careful preparation before surgery.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23060,"journal":{"name":"The Open Orthopaedics Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85766702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Sapkas, Margarita-Michaela Ampadiotaki, D. Pallis, M. Papadakis, Spyridon-Augoustinos Halikiopoulos, S. Papadakis
{"title":"Complications after Spinal Surgery in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"G. Sapkas, Margarita-Michaela Ampadiotaki, D. Pallis, M. Papadakis, Spyridon-Augoustinos Halikiopoulos, S. Papadakis","doi":"10.2174/1874325002115010046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874325002115010046","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Several studies have shown that spinal surgeries in patients who suffer from Parkinson’s Disease have a high rate of complications. These patients often need revision surgery.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This is a retrospective study involving 21 patients with Parkinson’s Disease. This study aimed to examine the complications after spinal surgery.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We studied 21 patients with Parkinson’s Disease retrospectively, who had undergone a previous operation by the same surgeon between 2004 to 2019. There were 11 females and 10 males. The mean age was 71.9 years (range, 52 to 85). However, the initial diagnosis and types of surgery were different. The mean time of follow-up for each patient was 3.6 years (ranging from 2 to 8 years).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Most of the patients had a post-operative complication within a period of three years. Τhe most common complication was kyphotic deformity and camptocormia. Twelve patients (57.1%) underwent revision surgery, and three patients (14.2%) denied treatment. In four patients (19.04%), kyphotic deformity or stooped posture remained. Only one patient (4.7%) presented with no complication in a follow-up of 8 years.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Patients with Parkinson’s disease have a high rate of complications after spinal surgery and often need revision surgery. For this literature review, the overall number of patients was 502, and the mean revision rate was 43.6%. The surgeon must inform patients of possible complications, and a thorough post-operative observation must be implemented.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23060,"journal":{"name":"The Open Orthopaedics Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86214376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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