Thrombosis and haemostasis最新文献

{"title":"PCSK9 Predicts Adverse Limb Outcomes After Endovascular Revascularization in Diabetic Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia.","authors":"Federico Biscetti, Maria Margherita Rando, Maria Anna Nicolazzi, Giorgia Polito, Giovanni Pecorini, Flavia Angelini, Roberto Iezzi, Paul J DiMuzio, Luis H Eraso, Dario Pitocco, Massimo Massetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Andrea Flex","doi":"10.1055/a-2717-3194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2717-3194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (PCSK9) plays a crucial role in pathophysiologic processes leading to limb and cardiovascular complications in diabetes, including cholesterol homeostasis, inflammation, and endothelial oxidative stress. This study examined the association between PCSK9 levels and major adverse limb events (MALEs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) after endovascular revascularization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 147 T2DM patients with peripheral artery disease undergoing endovascular revascularization for CLTI. Clinical assessments, including PCSK9 blood levels, were performed, and patients were followed for 12 months to monitor MALEs. Logistic regression and ROC curve analyses assessed the relationship between PCSK9 and MALEs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up, 53 patients experienced MALEs. These patients were younger and had more severe peripheral artery disease. PCSK9 levels were significantly higher in those with MALEs (410.5 ng/mL) versus those without (360.6 ng/mL). ROC analysis showed that adding PCSK9 to cardiovascular risk factors improved MALE prediction. PCSK9 levels and Rutherford 4 category were independent risk factors for MALEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated PCSK9 levels are strongly associated with increased MALE risk in T2DM patients and may influence age of presentation and disease severity in CLTI. These findings highlight PCSK9 as a potential predictive biomarker and therapeutic target for vascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23036,"journal":{"name":"Thrombosis and haemostasis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps, Platelets and Endothelial Cells Cooperatively Contribute to Hypercoagulability in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Dongxia Tong, Yuan Gao, Weihua Sun, Jie Yang, Yang Liu, Jihe Li, Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1055/a-2493-2499","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2493-2499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thromboembolism is the second leading cause of death among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the precise mechanisms of thrombogenesis in NSCLC remain largely unknown. Our objectives were to evaluate the definitive role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the hypercoagulability in NSCLC and to explore its interactions with platelets and endothelial cells (ECs).The levels of NET markers in samples from 100 NSCLC patients and 30 healthy controls were measured by ELISA. NET formation was detected using immunofluorescence. Procoagulant activity was assessed based on purified coagulation complex, thrombin, clotting time, and fibrin formation assays.The plasma levels of NETs were increased in a stage-dependent manner in NSCLC patients and were markedly higher than those in controls. Neutrophils from NSCLC patients were more prone to form NETs, resulting in shortened coagulation time, significantly increased thrombin-antithrombin complexes and fibrin compared to controls. Moreover, NETs generation was mediated by High Mobility Group Box 1 from activated platelets in NSCLC patients. Conversely, NETs from NSCLC patients also induce phosphatidylserine exposure on platelets, leading to markedly enhanced procoagulant activity (PCA). Furthermore, NETs can damage endothelial cells and convert them to a procoagulant phenotype. The administration of NETs inhibitors (DNase I/activated protein C) could markedly diminish the PCA of NETs, activated platelets, and ECs.Our results suggest that NETs contribute to hypercoagulability and may represent a potential therapeutic target to prevent cancer-associated thrombosis in NSCLC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23036,"journal":{"name":"Thrombosis and haemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"998-1009"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monocyte/Macrophages: Unexpected Allies in the Fight Against Arterial Thrombosis?","authors":"Gemma Vilahur, María Borrell-Pagés","doi":"10.1055/a-2641-6568","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2641-6568","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23036,"journal":{"name":"Thrombosis and haemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"1035-1037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144565322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endothelial Damage in JAK2V617F Myeloproliferative Neoplasms with Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis.","authors":"Blanca De Moner, Julia Martinez-Sanchez, Marta Garrote, Alex Ramos, Helena Ventosa-Capell, Ana Moreno-Castaño, Meritxell Nomdedeu, Asunción Ojeda, Gines Escolar, Joan Carles Garcia-Pagan, Eduardo Arellano-Rodrigo, Enric Carreras, Alberto Alvarez-Larran, Maribel Díaz-Ricart","doi":"10.1055/a-2498-4849","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2498-4849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>JAK2</i>V617F-mutated myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) exhibit abnormal proliferation of bone marrow progenitors and increased risk of thrombosis, specifically in splanchnic veins (SVT). The contribution of the endothelium to the development of the prothrombotic phenotype was explored.Plasma and serum samples from <i>JAK2</i>V617F MPN patients with (n=26) or without (n=7) thrombotic debut and different treatments, were obtained (n=33). Cultured endothelial cells (ECs) were exposed to serum samples from these patients and from healthy donors as controls. Changes in markers of inflammation (VCAM-1, ICAM-1), cell permeability (VE-cadherin), production of VWF, extracellular matrix (ECM) reactivity, and activation of intracellular signaling pathways related to stress, proliferation, inflammation (Akt, p44/42, IkBa), and JAK2/STAT3 pathway, were assessed by immunofluorescence, flow adhesion, SDS-PAGE and immunoblot. Additionally, circulating markers of endothelial activation and damage (VWF, sVCAM-1, sTNFRI, thrombomodulin, angiopoietin-2, a2-antiplasmin activity, PAI-1) were evaluated in Patients' plasma.The in vitro studies showed that EC exposure to MPN thrombotic patients' sera resulted in increased VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, and reduced VE-cadherin expression (p<0.05) at the cell surface. Production and release of VWF to the ECM were higher (p<0.05), with increased platelet adhesion after perfusing whole blood, being more noticeable in response to sera from non-treated patients. Furthermore, intracellular activation of Akt, p44/42, IkBa and JAK2/STAT3 was observed. Moreover, plasma levels of VWF, TNF-R1, VCAM-1, thrombomodulin, and angiopoietin-2 were higher in <i>JAK2</i>V617F+ MPN patients with thrombosis.The present findings suggest that circulating factors in MPNs with SVT debut induce endothelial proinflammatory and prothrombotic phenotypes, which are modulated <i>in vitro</i> with MPN treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23036,"journal":{"name":"Thrombosis and haemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"1010-1022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consensus on the Management of the Clinical Challenges of Venous Thromboembolism in Special Situations.","authors":"Cristina Marzo, Teresa Solanich, Dolors Tassies, Elena Pina, Maite Antonio Rebollo, Enrique Gallardo, Sonia Serradell, Marta Merino, Marina Carrasco, Albert Tugues","doi":"10.1055/a-2595-1811","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2595-1811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Venous thromboembolism (VTE) can present different challenging situations for which high-quality evidence to guide optimal preventive and therapeutic management is lacking and for which clinical practice guidelines have not established solid recommendations. The aim of this article is to achieve consensus on a proposal of action for the clinical management of complex, clinically relevant situations with a low level of evidence which generate great uncertainty-the duration of VTE treatment and the role of thrombus recanalization, the prevention of VTE within the context of pregnancy, management of anticoagulant treatment in patients with VTE and special characteristics, such as renal insufficiency and obesity, the therapeutic management of pluripathological and polymedicated older patients with VTE, and finally, primary ambulatory thromboembolic prevention in cancer patients. This consensus article arose from a collaboration of experts in VTE from different medical specialties.</p>","PeriodicalId":23036,"journal":{"name":"Thrombosis and haemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"944-959"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monocyte/Macrophage Infiltration in Thrombus and Outcomes of Stroke Patients with Monocyte/Macrophage-dominant Thrombus.","authors":"Kijeong Lee, Myoung-Jin Cha, Il Kwon, Sungeun Kim, Jin Ju Song, Young Dae Kim, Hyo Suk Nam, Jaseong Koo, Hye Sun Lee, Haram Joo, Hyunjung Choi, Ji Hoe Heo","doi":"10.1055/a-2513-9638","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2513-9638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory cells may play a role in thrombus formation. However, the impact of monocytes in thrombosis and clinical characteristics of patients with monocyte-rich thrombus are less well understood.A FeCl₃-induced carotid thrombosis model in mice was used to study aged thrombus by ligating the distal carotid artery for 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 24, 48, or 72 hours. In stroke patients, we used thrombi that were obtained during endovascular thrombectomy. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine thrombus composition. We investigated monocyte/macrophage recruitment to arterial thrombus over time in mice, and compared clinical outcomes between stroke patients with the higher and the lower monocyte/macrophage compositions in thrombus.In 90 mice, CD68 (monocyte/macrophage) counts increased from 3 hours in a time-dependent manner, and decreased after 48 hours (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In 102 stroke patients, the higher monocyte/macrophage group had higher blood platelet counts (median 228 × 10⁹/L, interquartile range [177-267] versus median 186 × 10⁹/L, interquartile range [164-225], <i>p</i> = 0.036), less frequently parenchymal hematoma (8.0% versus 28.8%, <i>p</i> = 0.007), and more frequently functional independence (54.0% versus 32.7%, <i>p</i> = 0.030). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the higher monocyte/macrophage group was independently associated with functional independence (odds ratio 4.954, 95% confidence interval 1.467-16.724, <i>p</i> = 0.010).Monocytes/macrophages increasingly infiltrated the thrombus after a few hours in mouse arterial thrombosis model, suggesting their role in later stages rather than initial stages of thrombosis. Stroke patients with higher monocyte/macrophage counts had less frequent parenchymal hematoma and more frequent functional independence, suggesting that monocyte/macrophage-rich thrombi are a predictor of better clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23036,"journal":{"name":"Thrombosis and haemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"1023-1034"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Validation of the Hemophilia Functional Ability Scoring Tool (Hemo-FAST).","authors":"Virginie Barbay, Yohann Repessé, Dominique Desprez, Nicolas Drillaud, Birgit Frotscher, Marie-Léa Piel-Julian, Sabine Castet, Fabienne Genre-Volot, Brigitte Tardy, Annie Harroche, Corinne Gandossi, Meriem Zidi, Sara Carlsson, Nana Kragh, Eva Bednar, Claude Négrier, Aurélien Lebreton","doi":"10.1055/a-2501-1369","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2501-1369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Hemophilia Functional Ability Scoring Tool (Hemo-FAST), consisting of a patient-reported outcome (PRO) part and a clinician-reported outcome (ClinRO) part, was developed as a rapid and effective tool to assess functional mobility in clinical practice. This study (NCT04731701) aimed to validate the psychometric properties of Hemo-FAST for assessment of joint health in people with haemophilia (PwH).PwH A or B aged ≥18 years completed questionnaires including the PRO part of Hemo-FAST and the short-form 36 health survey (SF-36) during one study visit. Clinicians completed the Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) and the ClinRO part of Hemo-FAST at the same visit. Validation was performed using reliability, construct validity, and structure validity assessments.The study enrolled 180 PwH A or B from 14 centres across France. Estimated time to complete the PRO part was mean (standard deviation) 4.6 (5.4) minutes. PRO items showed good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient value ≥0.70). Inter-rater values were >0.70 for 7/9 ClinRO items, indicating good reliability. All items (15 PRO; 9 ClinRO) had high internal consistency (Cronbach's coefficient alpha: 0.97). Hemo-FAST demonstrated convergent construct validity with HJHS and the SF-36 physical component and discriminant construct validity with the SF-36 mental health component. Hemo-FAST scores distinguished between subgroups of people with expected differences in joint health status, including by haemophilia severity (<i>p</i> < 0.0001).This study successfully validated Hemo-FAST as a rapid and reliable tool for the functional assessment of joint health in adults with haemophilia, both in clinical practice and clinical research settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23036,"journal":{"name":"Thrombosis and haemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"960-971"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of ROCK/Myosin Pathway in Macrothrombocytopenia in Bernard-Soulier Syndrome.","authors":"Ponthip Mekchay, Praewphan Ingrungruanglert, Netchanok Leela-Adisorn, Noppacharn Uaprasert, Nipan Israsena, Ponlapat Rojnuckarin","doi":"10.1055/a-2474-5644","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2474-5644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Megakaryocytes (MK) from Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) yielded reduced numbers but increased sizes of platelets. The molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to determine roles of signaling molecules involved in this process.Wild-type (WT) iPSCs and iPSCs from BSS patients with <i>GP1BA</i> (BSS-A) or <i>GP1BB</i> (BSS-B) mutations were differentiated into MKs and platelets with or without myosin II inhibitor (blebbistatin), ROCK inhibitor (Y27632), and procaspase-3 activator (PAC-1). Proplatelet and platelet numbers and sizes were characterized. The iPSC lines containing tubulin-green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporters were constructed to observe proplatelet formation under time-lapse microscopy.BSS-derived MKs (BSS-MKs) yielded fewer but larger platelets compared with the WT. In the presence of blebbistatin, ROCK inhibitor, or PAC-1, WT, BSS-A, and BSS-B MKs could generate more platelets with decreased sizes, but PAC-1 caused CD42 loss on WT platelets. The proportions of proplatelet formation from MKs carrying tubulin-GFP were not different between WT and BSS-MKs, as well as among inhibitors. Notably, initially thick cytoplasmic processes were transformed into thin branching proplatelets over the observation time. The proplatelet shafts of BSS-MK became thinner in the presence of blebbistatin or ROCK inhibitor, but not of PAC-1, which displayed uneven F-actin distribution.Inhibition of the ROCK/myosin pathway, downstream of GpIb, could restore normal morphology of proplatelets in BSS-MKs. Procaspase-3 activation could increase platelet yields, but with abnormal proplatelet and platelet structures. Our model can be used for therapeutic drug screening and a disease model for platelet production in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":23036,"journal":{"name":"Thrombosis and haemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"985-997"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Genetic Characterization of 51 Patients with Congenital Fibrinogen Disorders from China.","authors":"Yaohua Cai, Hui Lu, Wenyi Lin, Yunqing Xia, Tingting Wu, Zhipeng Cheng, Liang V Tang, Yu Hu","doi":"10.1055/a-2514-7520","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2514-7520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the classification, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and genetic mutations associated with hereditary fibrinogen disorders in Chinese population.Between February 2015 and February 2022, 65 patients with congenital fibrinogen disorders (CFD) were identified at Wuhan Union Hospital. Comprehensive data were available for 51 patients, allowing for a retrospective analysis.The cohort comprised 17 males (33.3%) and 34 females (66.7%), with a median diagnosis age of 35.0 years (interquartile range: 25.5-42.5). Of the patients, 35 (68.6%) were diagnosed with dysfibrinogenemia, 8 (15.7%) with hypofibrinogenemia, 7 (13.7%) with hypodysfibrinogenemia, and 1 (2.0%) with afibrinogenemia. The median diagnosis ages for the asymptomatic, Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3 groups were 44.5 years (range: 37-58.5), 28 years (22.5-36.5), 35.5 years (21.75-41), and 28 years (22.75-30.75), respectively. The asymptomatic group had the latest diagnosis age, whereas Grade 3 had the earliest. A negative correlation was observed between Fg:C levels and bleeding severity (rs = - 0.2937, <i>p</i> = 0.0365). In total, 52 variants were found in 51 unrelated patients, with one patient carrying two mutations. The 37 distinct mutations included 11 in FGA, 3 in FGB, and 23 in FGG.This study investigates the clinical, laboratory, and genetic characteristics of patients with CFD in China, revealing a negative correlation between Fg:C levels and bleeding severity. Female patients are at higher risk for gynecological complications due to physiological traits. Additionally, R35 in FGA and R301 in FGG were identified as hotspot mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23036,"journal":{"name":"Thrombosis and haemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"972-984"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic Burden of Pulmonary Embolism in Europe: Shifting Priorities and Challenges for Novel Reperfusion Strategies.","authors":"Katharina Mohr, Stefano Barco, Thomas Neusius, Stavros Konstantinides","doi":"10.1055/a-2505-8711","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2505-8711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In-hospital case fatality related to acute pulmonary embolism (PE) has been falling since the beginning of this century. However, annual incidence rates continue to climb, and an increasing number of PE survivors need long-term follow-up, chronic anticoagulation treatment, and readmission(s) to the hospital. In European countries, median reimbursed hospital costs for acute PE are still moderate compared with the United States but can increase several-fold in patients with comorbidities and those necessitating potentially life-saving reperfusion treatment. The use of catheter-directed treatment (CDT) has constantly increased in the United States since the past decade, and it has now entered a rapid growth phase in Europe as well, estimated to reach an annual penetration rate of up to 31% among patients with intermediate-high- or high-risk PE by 2030. Ongoing randomised controlled trials are currently investigating the clinical efficacy and safety of these devices. In addition, they will deliver data permitting calculation of their cost-effectiveness in different health care reimbursement systems, by revealing the extent to which they can reduce complications and consequently the need for intensive care and the overall length of hospital stay. After discharge, key cost drivers are related to chronic cardiopulmonary diseases (other than PE itself) leading to frequent readmissions, persistent symptoms, and functional limitations which result in poor quality of life, productivity loss, and substantial indirect costs. Implementation of structured outpatient programmes with a holistic approach to post-PE care, targeting overall cardiovascular health and the patient's well-being, bears the potential to cost-effectively reduce the overall socioeconomic burden of PE.</p>","PeriodicalId":23036,"journal":{"name":"Thrombosis and haemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"933-943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}