The Korean Journal of Hematology最新文献

{"title":"Cutaneous plasmacytoma.","authors":"Ik-Chan Song, Deog-Yeon Jo","doi":"10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.162","url":null,"abstract":"which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. A 64-year-old woman having compression fractures in the fourth and fifth thoracic vertebral bodies was diagnosed with multiple myeloma. The results of the initial laboratory investigations were to the thoracic spine and induction chemotherapy, which consisted of thalidomide and dexamethasone. After 3 weeks of chemotherapy, multiple erythematous papules appeared on the anterior chest and upper abdomen; the back and extremities were spared (A). The serum monoclonal protein concentration was 6.6 g/dL. Biopsy of a nodule revealed dense infiltration of plasma cells (B, C), which were positive for CD138 and lambda light chain. Despite salvage treatment consisting of bortezomib and dexamethasone, the patient died of pneumonia 2 months after the diagnosis of cutaneous plasmacytoma. Cutaneous involvement in multiple myeloma is very uncommon and indicates very poor prognosis.","PeriodicalId":23001,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30981948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Castleman disease.","authors":"Ibrahiem Saeed-Abdul-Rahman,&nbsp;Ali M Al-Amri","doi":"10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Castleman and Towne described a disease presenting as a mediastinal mass resembling thymoma. It is also known as \"giant lymph node hyperplasia\", \"lymph node hamartoma\", \"angiofollicular mediastinal lymph node hyperplasia\", and \"angiomatous lymphoid hyperplasia\". The pathogenesis is unknown, but the bulk of evidence points toward faulty immune regulation, resulting in excessive B-lymphocyte and plasma-cell proliferation in lymphatic tissue. In addition to the mediastinal presentation, extrathoracic involvement in the neck, axilla, mesentery, pelvis, pancreas, adrenal gland, and retroperitoneum also have been described. There are 2 major pathologic variations of Castleman disease: (1) hyaline-vascular variant, the most frequent, characterized by small hyaline-vascular follicles and capillary proliferation; and (2) the plasma-cell variant, in which large lymphoid follicles are separated by sheets of plasma cells. The hyaline-vascular cases usually are largely asymptomatic, whereas the less common plasma-cell variant may present with fever, anemia, weight loss, and night sweats, along with polyclonal hypergamma-globulinemia. Castleman disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorders. Few cases have been described world widely. In this article we reviewed the classification, pathogenesis, pathology, radiological features and up to date treatment with special emphasis on the role of viral stimulation, recent therapeutic modalities and the HIV-associated disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23001,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"163-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30981949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of genes underlying different methylation profiles in refractory anemia with excess blast and refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia in myelodysplastic syndrome.","authors":"Suee Lee,&nbsp;Hyuk-Chan Kwon,&nbsp;Sung-Hyun Kim,&nbsp;Sung Yong Oh,&nbsp;Ji Hyun Lee,&nbsp;Yeon-Su Lee,&nbsp;Daekwan Seo,&nbsp;Jin-Yeong Han,&nbsp;Hyo-Jin Kim","doi":"10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a preleukemic condition that transforms into acute myeloid leukemia. However, the genetic events underlying this transformation remain poorly understood. Aberrant DNA methylation may play a causative role in the disease and its prognosis. Thus, we compared the DNA methylation profiles in refractory anemia with excess blast (RAEB) to those in refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (RCMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bone marrow samples were collected from 20 patients with primary MDS (9 with RAEB and 11 with RCMD), and peripheral blood samples were collected from 4 healthy controls. These samples were assessed using a commercial whole genome-wide methylation assay. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the methylation of candidate gene promoters in RAEB and RCMD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microarray data revealed significant hypermethylation in 69 genes within RAEB but not RCMD. Candidate genes were mapped to 5 different networks, and network 1 had the highest score due to its involvement in gene expression, cancer, and cell cycle. Five genes (GSTM5, BIK, CENPH, RERG, and ANGPTL2) were associated with malignant disease progression. Among them, the methylated promoter pairs of GSTM5 (55.5% and 20%), BIK (20% and 0%), and ANGPTL2 (44.4% and 10%) were observed more frequently in RAEB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DNA methylation of GSTM5, BIK, and ANGPTL2 may induce epigenetic silencing and contribute to the increasing blasts and resulting MDS progression; however, the functions of these genes were not determined. Further study focusing on epigenetic silencing using various detection modalities is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":23001,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"186-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30981951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and the expression of its receptor on various malignant cells.","authors":"Hee Won Moon,&nbsp;Tae Young Kim,&nbsp;Bo Ra Oh,&nbsp;Sang Mee Hwang,&nbsp;Jiseok Kwon,&nbsp;Ja-Lok Ku,&nbsp;Dong Soon Lee","doi":"10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is extensively used to improve neutrophil count during anti-cancer chemotherapy. We investigated the effects of G-CSF on several leukemic cell lines and screened for the expression of the G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) in various malignant cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the effects of the most commonly used commercial forms of G-CSF (glycosylated lenograstim and nonglycosylated filgrastim) on various leukemic cell lines by flow cytometry. Moreover, we screened for the expression of G-CSFR mRNA in 38 solid tumor cell lines by using real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>G-CSF stimulated proliferation (40-80% increase in proliferation in treated cells as compared to that in control cells) in 3 leukemic cell lines and induced differentiation of AML1/ETO+ leukemic cells. Among the 38 solid tumor cell lines, 5 cell lines (hepatoblastoma, 2 breast carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, and melanoma cell lines) showed G-CSFR mRNA expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the present study show that therapeutic G-CSF might stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of malignant cells with G-CSFR expression, suggesting that prescreening for G-CSFR expression in primary tumor cells may be necessary before using G-CSF for treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23001,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"219-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30981244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) after single low-dose iodine-131 treatment for thyroid cancer.","authors":"Ji Hun Jeong,&nbsp;Jeong Yeal Ahn,&nbsp;Soon Ho Park,&nbsp;Mi Jung Park,&nbsp;Kyung Hee Kim,&nbsp;Jun Shik Hong","doi":"10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radioiodine is regularly used in the treatment of thyroid cancer to eliminate residual malignant tissue after thyroidectomy and to treat metastasis. Because of the low dose of radioiodine used to treat thyroid cancer patients, leukemia is an uncommon complication of exposure to radioiodine. Here, we present a patient who developed therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22);CBFβ-MYH11, eosinophilia, and K-ras mutation and who had been treated with very low-dose radioiodine following total thyroidectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23001,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"225-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.225","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30981245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The e8a2 fusion transcript in B lymphoblastic leukemia with BCR-ABL1 rearrangement.","authors":"Min Jin Kim,&nbsp;Hwi-Joong Yoon,&nbsp;Tae Sung Park","doi":"10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.161","url":null,"abstract":"which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. A 73-year-old man presented with fever. The peripheral blood findings were as follows: hemoglobin, 11.7 g/dL; platelets, 55×10 9 /L; and WBC count, 95.8×10 9 /L (blasts, 94%). Bone marrow aspiration revealed the increasing replacement of hypercellular marrow by blasts showing dispersed chromatin and prominent nucleoli; they accounted for 93% of all nucleated cells (A). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the blasts were positive for CD10, CD19, in 19 of the 20 metaphase cells analyzed (B). Fluorescence in situ hybridization using BCR-ABL1 dual-color, dual-fusion probe showed abnormal signal patterns in 95.5% of the examined nuclei (C). The patient was diagnosed with B lymphoblastic leukemia with BCR-ABL1 rearrangement. A multiplex reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis for the detection of BCR-ABL1 rearrangement and subsequent cloning and sequencing analyses confirmed a breakpoint within exon 8 of BCR (ENSE00001755753) and 2 nucleotides upstream of exon 2 of ABL1 (ENST00000984287), resulting in a chimeric exon \" e8*-AG-e2 \" (D). Thus, the breakpoint on the mRNA is identical to that on the genomic DNA. The open reading frame is kept intact by this chimeric fusion exon. The e8a2 BCR-ABL1 transcript has been reported in CML cases, but not in B lymphoblastic leukemia cases. Because the biological and clinical significance of e8a2 fusion transcript in B lymphoblastic leukemia and CML is still unclear, further studies elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved are necessary.","PeriodicalId":23001,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30981947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical significance of standardized uptake value and maximum tumor diameter in patients with primary extranodal diffuse large B cell lymphoma.","authors":"Min-Young Oh,&nbsp;Sang-Bo Oh,&nbsp;Hyeog-Gyu Seoung,&nbsp;Ji-Hye Kim,&nbsp;Sang-Mi Kim,&nbsp;Tae-Kyun Kim,&nbsp;Moo-Kon Song,&nbsp;Ho-Jin Shin,&nbsp;Joo-Seop Chung","doi":"10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and maximum tumor diameter (MTD) have been shown to reflect survival outcome in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, applying these values to primary extranodal DLBCL is difficult because they are separate nosological entities with differences in genetic origin. We therefore decided to evaluate whether SUVmax and MTD on 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) would affect the survival outcome in primary extranodal DLBCL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From October 2005 to November 2010, 76 primary extranodal DLBCL patients receiving R-CHOP therapy were analyzed. All patients had undergone an initial 18-FDG PET/CT and conventional computed tomography (CT) of the neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis for staging. Median follow-up period was 35 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SUVmax and MTD cut-off values were 11.0 and 7.5 cm, respectively. SUVmax≥11.0 predicted a short progression free survival (PFS, P=0.002) and overall survival (OS, P=0.002). MTD≥7.5 cm was associated with poor PFS (P=0.003) and OS (P=0.003). High International Prognostic Index (IPI) was also associated with the survival outcome (PFS, P=0.046; OS, P=0.030). Multivariate analysis revealed that SUVmax≥11.0 (PFS, hazard ratio [HR]=10.813, P=0.024; OS, HR=6.312, P=0.015); MTD≥7.5 cm (PFS, HR=5.631, P=0.008; OS, HR=4.072, P=0.008); and high IPI (PFS, P=0.027; OS, P=0.046) were independent prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It appears that both MTD and SUVmax can be independent prognostic factors in primary extranodal DLBCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":23001,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"207-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30981242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of primary bone lymphoma in Korea.","authors":"So Yeon Kim,&nbsp;Dong-Yeop Shin,&nbsp;Seung-Sook Lee,&nbsp;Cheolwon Suh,&nbsp;Jae-Yong Kwak,&nbsp;Hoon-Gu Kim,&nbsp;Jae Hoon Lee,&nbsp;Soon Il Lee,&nbsp;Ye Rim Lee,&nbsp;Seung Hwa Kang,&nbsp;Se Kwon Mun,&nbsp;Min Jae Lee,&nbsp;Hyo-Rak Lee,&nbsp;Sung Hyun Yang,&nbsp;Hye Jin Kang","doi":"10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluates the effectiveness of immunochemotherapy and radiation therapy in the treatment of patients with primary bone lymphoma (PBL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 33 patients with PBL who were treated at 6 medical centers in Korea from 1992 to 2010. Clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of the patients participating in our study was 40 years. The most common sites of involvement were the pelvis (12.36%) and femur (11.33%). CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone) or CHOP-like regimens were administered to 20 patients (61%), and R-CHOP (rituximab plus CHOP) was administered to the remaining 13 patients (39%). The overall response rate was 89% (complete response, 76%; partial response, 12%). The overall survival (OS) of patients with solitary bone lesions was longer than that of patients with multiple bone lesions (median OS: not reached vs. 166 months, respectively; P=0.089). Addition of rituximab to CHOP did not significantly affect either OS or progression-free survival (P=0.53 and P=0.23, respectively). Combining radiation therapy with chemotherapy also did not improve the OS or progression-free survival of patients with solitary bone lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy remains an effective treatment option for patients with PBL. Additional benefits of supplementing chemotherapy with either rituximab or radiation therapy were not observed in this study. Further investigation is needed to characterize the role of immunochemotherapy in treating patients with PBL.</p>","PeriodicalId":23001,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"213-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30981243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thromboembolic events identified during diagnosis of germ cell tumors in 2 children.","authors":"Hea-Lin Oh,&nbsp;Hae-Ryong Kang,&nbsp;Seok-Cheol Jeon,&nbsp;Young-Ho Lee","doi":"10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe 2 cases in which radiographic evidence of thromboembolic events was obtained during germ cell tumor diagnosis. There was no evidence of coagulation factor abnormalities or contributory procedures or drugs in either patient. We used anticoagulation therapy for thrombolysis in one patient, but in the other, the thromboembolism resolved spontaneously.</p>","PeriodicalId":23001,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"233-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.233","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30981247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting the protein kinases for anti-cancer therapy.","authors":"Soo-Mee Bang","doi":"10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.157","url":null,"abstract":"Protein kinases play a key role in regulating signal transduction and cell cycle pathways. Dysregulation of protein kinase activity is known to be an important factor in tumorigenesis, and this finding has accelerated the development of a number of novel anti-cancer agents that target this family of proteins [1]. Four groups of protein kinases are commonly described. The first group comprises the receptor tyrosine kinases including epidermal growth factor receptor, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, fibroblast growth factor receptors 1, 3, and 4, FMS-like tyrosine kinase and c-KIT [2]. The second group comprises the non-receptor tyrosine kinases such as c-SRC, ABL1, Janus kinase 2, c-YES, and focal adhesion kinase [1-3]. The third group comprises the lipid kinases, including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). A key downstream effector of PI3K is the serine-threonine kinase AKT, and the PI3K/AKT pathway is known to play an important role in cell growth and survival [4]. The fourth group comprises the serine-threonine kinases, which include proteins such as AKT, ataxia telangiectasia mutated, mammalian target of rapamycin, S6 kinase, and b-RAF and the cell cycle control kinases such as cyclin-dependent kinases, Aurora kinases, and Polo-like kinases [2]. \u0000 \u0000The Aurora kinases are closely involved in the regulation of mitosis, and are overexpressed in a number of tumors. Therefore, inhibitors of these kinases are currently being investigated as a therapy for many cancers, particularly hematological malignancies [5]. There are 3 forms of human Aurora kinase: A, B, and C. Aurora kinases A and B are expressed in the majority of normal cells and are activated during the cell cycle. Aurora kinase C is now known to have complementary and overlapping functions with Aurora kinase B [6]. Ectopic overexpression of Aurora kinase A in mammalian cells induces centrosome amplification, chromosome instability, and oncogenic transformation, a phenotype that is characteristic of loss-of-function mutations of p53, and facilitates oncogenic transformation of cells by downregulating checkpoint-response pathways [7]. In the current issue of the Korean Journal of Hematology, Kim et al. reported the overexpression of Aurora kinase A in leukemic cells and that treatment of these cells with cytarabine in combination with the selective Aurora kinase A inhibitor C1368 produced a synergistic effect [8]. This is a first report of C1368 being used in a study of hematologic malignancies with specific targeting of leukemic stem cells. A combination of C1368 and cytarabine augmented apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemic cells, and the proportion of apoptosis was increased in CD38+CD34- leukemic stem cells following stimulation with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. This is particularly noteworthy as the chemoresistance of leukemic stem cells can often lead to primary failure after induction chemotherapy or relapse after treatmen","PeriodicalId":23001,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"157-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30981945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}