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LiDAR Technologies and Systems Pub Date : 2015-03-30 DOI: 10.1117/3.2186106.ch14

P. McManamon

{"title":"LiDAR Range Equation","authors":"P. McManamon","doi":"10.1117/3.2186106.ch14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/3.2186106.ch14","url":null,"abstract":"In calculating the required energy, or power, to obtain a measureable return with a LiDAR, an engineer can divide the calculation into two parts. The first part is the calculated intensity of the reflected laser light from the target. This result can be stated in terms of the number of photons returned to each detector in a certain period of time. The second part calculates how much energy, in photons, is needed in each detector to measure the returned signal. For the second part, we have to compare the returned energy to the noise. We discuss the second part of this in Chapter 6, which concerns LiDAR receivers. For a given noise, we can set a threshold that results in a certain probability of both detection and false alarm. The first part of this calculation—how many photons are returned—is usually called a link budget calculation. The second part of the calculation is associated with the receiver sensitivity. There are many different types of receivers, as discussed in Chapter 6. This chapter focuses primarily on the link budget portion of the calculation. For the calculations in this chapter, it is assumed that a certain number of received photons is required in a given period for the receiver to detect the return signal. Chapter 6 provides more detail on receiver sensitivity and probabilities, which depend on the type of receiver being considered.","PeriodicalId":229739,"journal":{"name":"LiDAR Technologies and Systems","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127638991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

History of LiDAR 激光雷达的历史

LiDAR Technologies and Systems Pub Date : 2015-03-30 DOI: 10.1117/3.2186106.ch6

P. McManamon

{"title":"History of LiDAR","authors":"P. McManamon","doi":"10.1117/3.2186106.ch6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/3.2186106.ch6","url":null,"abstract":"LiDAR has a rich history of over 50 years. It started most of its development in the early 1960s, shortly after the invention of the laser. There had been some earlier LiDAR development prior to the invention of the laser, but the laser has been a critical enabler for LiDAR development. Wind sensing and laser designation were developed starting in the 1960s. I call laser designation a form of bistatic LiDAR because we have an illuminator, which is called the designator, and receiver, which is on the seeker. The illuminator and receiver are separated, so it is a bistatic system. Admittedly, the term LiDAR stands for light detection and ranging, and in a designator there is no ranging, but a designator does use a laser for illumination and a receiver for detection, so we will include it in the discussion of history. LiDAR has become relatively inexpensive and reliable, and has very rich phenomenology, making it competitive compared to alternative sensor technologies, such as passive EO sensing or microwave radar. LiDAR started operating in the visible region (ruby laser), then appeared in the near infrared (Nd:YAG lasers), and next in the thermal infrared (CO2 laser). Many LiDARs are now being developed in the eye-safe, short-wave infrared (SWIR) region (~1.5 μm and beyond).","PeriodicalId":229739,"journal":{"name":"LiDAR Technologies and Systems","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127950943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

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