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Identification of Cyclopia species (‘Heuningbostee’) using Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法鉴定独眼虫属(Heuningbostee)
The South African Journal of Plant and Soil Pub Date : 1997-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/02571862.1997.10635081
O. T. Villiers, M. Bosman, J. H. Lange
{"title":"Identification of Cyclopia species (‘Heuningbostee’) using Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis","authors":"O. T. Villiers, M. Bosman, J. H. Lange","doi":"10.1080/02571862.1997.10635081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.1997.10635081","url":null,"abstract":"Protein banding patterns of seed obtained by sodium dodecyl sulphate Polyacrylamide get electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) or acid polycrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE) were used to distinguish between different Cyclopia species (‘heuningbostee’). An electrophoretic formula was determined for each species using relative band mobility and the number of protein bands Distinctive band patterns were obtained enabling the species to be identified using either SDS-PAGE or A-PAGE Banding patterns showed that this technique can be used as a tool for taxonomic classification of Cyclopia species.","PeriodicalId":22913,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Plant and Soil","volume":"101 1","pages":"54-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73466372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Fosfor in geselekteerde onversteurde en bewerkte Suid-Afrikaanse gronde 1. Totale, anorganiese en organiese fosfor
The South African Journal of Plant and Soil Pub Date : 1997-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/02571862.1997.10635074
A. V. Zyl, C. C. D. Preez
{"title":"Fosfor in geselekteerde onversteurde en bewerkte Suid-Afrikaanse gronde 1. Totale, anorganiese en organiese fosfor","authors":"A. V. Zyl, C. C. D. Preez","doi":"10.1080/02571862.1997.10635074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.1997.10635074","url":null,"abstract":"Min is bekend oor die effek van boerderypraktyke soos bewerking, bemesting en bekalking op die fosforfraksies in gronde van die somerreenvalgebied (25°-30°S; 24°–30°O) in Suid-Afrika. Die doelstellings van die studie was om die effek van gewasverbouing op die totale (Pt), anorganiese (Pa) en organiese (Po) fosforfraksies van hierdie gronde te kwantifiseer en om vas te stel hoe die Pa- en Po-fraksies, wat ten opsigte van planttoeganklik- heid verskil, deur gewasverbouing beinvloed word. Siegs die effekte van gewasverbouing op Pt, Pa en Po word hier gerapporteer. Bewerkte en nabygelee onversteurde bogronde (0–200 mm) is by 50 lokaliteite, wat verspreid in die ondersoekgebied voorkom, versamel. 'n Opeenvolgende ekstraheringsprosedure is gebruik om die Pa(NaHCO3-Pa, NaOH-Pa, HCI-Pa en residuele-Pa) en Po (NaHCO3-Po, NaOH-Po en residuele-Po) in die monsters te fraksioneer vir kolorimetriese bepaling. Daarna is Pt, Pa en Po deur sommering van die relevante fraksies bereken. Die Pt van die bewerkte gronde was in...","PeriodicalId":22913,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Plant and Soil","volume":"15 1","pages":"9-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82003946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The evaluation of agricultural research and the resultant scientific article 农业研究的评价和由此产生的科学文章
The South African Journal of Plant and Soil Pub Date : 1997-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/02571862.1997.10635072
M. Hensley, G. C. Green
{"title":"The evaluation of agricultural research and the resultant scientific article","authors":"M. Hensley, G. C. Green","doi":"10.1080/02571862.1997.10635072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.1997.10635072","url":null,"abstract":"The efficiency of agricultural research in the RSA and the reporting of results need to be improved. Clarifying the accepted procedure for research and identifying common weaknesses in the resultant publications could contribute towards achieving this goal. All research originates with a question and is therefore, in essence, the acquiring of new knowledge. The following steps need to be taken: (1) Present a clear definition of the question to be answered. This should be stated in such a way that it defines rigorously the objective of the research. (2) Study all relevant observed facts from previous research work. (3) Formulate an hypothesis based on the observed facts. This is achieved by inductive reasoning. (4) Collect reliable data by observation, review or experiment to test the hypothesis. (5) Interpret the results to verify or reject the hypothesis. This is the process of deductive reasoning. If the hypothesis is verified it becomes the answer to the question, if rejected a new hypothesis is needed...","PeriodicalId":22913,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Plant and Soil","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90529819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The response of lucerne and red clover roots to aluminium/hematoxylin: how universal is the hematoxylin test for aluminium? 紫花苜蓿和红三叶草根对铝/苏木精的反应:苏木精对铝的检测有多普遍?
The South African Journal of Plant and Soil Pub Date : 1997-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/02571862.1997.10635093
R. Bennet
{"title":"The response of lucerne and red clover roots to aluminium/hematoxylin: how universal is the hematoxylin test for aluminium?","authors":"R. Bennet","doi":"10.1080/02571862.1997.10635093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.1997.10635093","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the long association between hematoxylin and aluminium (Al) in studies of Al rhizotoxicity, it is evident that many aspects of the hematoxylin test are not fully understood. Controlled environment studies of the responses of lucerne and red clover roots to the Al/hematoxylin system have indicated that the intensity and distribution of the stain in root tissue was influenced by, (1) the pH of the growing medium, and (2) the age of the root at the time of the treatment. In the younger (≦ 120 h), Al-treated (30 μM; 24 h) roots the highest intensity of hematoxylin stain was encountered at pH 4.1. In contrast, some roots (pH 4.5 ≦ 72 h) did not respond at all to hematoxylin, although growth studies indicated that a physiologically active Al component was present in these roots. Intermediate pH's (4.3) resulted in intermediate stain intensities and a spiral motif of root stain was present in many of these roots (72 h and 120 h). The roots' affinity for hematoxylin increased with age. At 192 h, the pH-de...","PeriodicalId":22913,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Plant and Soil","volume":"2015 1","pages":"120-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87841228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Interaction between cultivar and soil fertility on grain yield, yield components and grain nitrogen content of wheat 品种与土壤肥力对小麦产量、产量组成及籽粒含氮量的互作
The South African Journal of Plant and Soil Pub Date : 1997-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/02571862.1997.10635101
L. A. Metho, P. Hammes, J. Beer, H. Groeneveld
{"title":"Interaction between cultivar and soil fertility on grain yield, yield components and grain nitrogen content of wheat","authors":"L. A. Metho, P. Hammes, J. Beer, H. Groeneveld","doi":"10.1080/02571862.1997.10635101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.1997.10635101","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of soil nutrient status on the performance of four wheat cultivars was studied in a long-term field experiment at the University of Pretoria. The objective was to quantify the effect of soil nutrient status on yield, yield components and grain quality characteristics, using a split-plot design in a randomized complete block, replicated four times. Grain yield and nitrogen content differed between cultivars with SST 86 yielding 3903 kgha-1(2.47%N), Inia 4484 kgha−1(2.53%N), Kariega 4447 kgha−1(2.49%N) and Carina 6343 kgha−1(3.58%N). Increasing soil fertility increased grain yield, grain number, spikelet number, grains per spike, grains per spikelet, grain nitrogen, biomass and harvest index, but depressed kernel mass. Significant interactions between cultivar and soil fertility were observed for grain yield, grain number, biomass, harvest index and kernel mass. It is concluded that wheat cultivars differ in their potential to utilize limited soil nutrients to produce yield and quality.","PeriodicalId":22913,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Plant and Soil","volume":"1 1","pages":"158-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82392895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Comparative patterns of sodium accumulation in leaves of selected savanna species growing on sodic and nonsodic soils 在碱土和非碱土上生长的热带稀树草原物种叶片中钠积累的比较模式
The South African Journal of Plant and Soil Pub Date : 1997-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/02571862.1997.10635090
C. Bailey, M. Scholes
{"title":"Comparative patterns of sodium accumulation in leaves of selected savanna species growing on sodic and nonsodic soils","authors":"C. Bailey, M. Scholes","doi":"10.1080/02571862.1997.10635090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.1997.10635090","url":null,"abstract":"Plants show differing mechanisms of tolerance to high sodium levels in soils. Physiological and biochemical mechanisms have been investigated for many crop species but little information is available for indigenous tree and grass species. Foliar concentrations of sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium and nitrogen were measured in selected savanna species growing on and off sodic soils. Sodic soils are those defined as having a high exchangeable sodium percentage or a high sodium adsorption ratio. Sodium concentrations of up to 6% were measured in the leaf tissue of species found growing solely on sodic sites. Species that grow both on and off sodic sites did not show significantly different levels of foliar nutrients although the levels of exchangeable soil cations were quite different on the two sites. The data suggest that plants which grow specifically on sodic soils have inclusion mechanisms which allow for high levels of sodium in the leaf tissue which do not disrupt physiological functioning whereas...","PeriodicalId":22913,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Plant and Soil","volume":"1 1","pages":"103-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83205507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Evaluation of CERES-wheat v2.10: Soil water content under rainfed conditions CERES-wheat v2.10的评价:雨养条件下的土壤含水量
The South African Journal of Plant and Soil Pub Date : 1997-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/02571862.1997.10635097
W. D. Toit, J. Purchase, M. Hensley
{"title":"Evaluation of CERES-wheat v2.10: Soil water content under rainfed conditions","authors":"W. D. Toit, J. Purchase, M. Hensley","doi":"10.1080/02571862.1997.10635097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.1997.10635097","url":null,"abstract":"In the semi-arid wheat production areas of the Free State province, the low and erratic rainfall, especially during early spring, is the most limiting natural resource for rainfed wheat production. Accurate simulation of soil water content by crop growth simulation models is therefore critically important. Validation data were collected on four benchmark ecotopes for rainfed wheat production in the Free State province of South Africa over a three-year period. The trials were planted in a randomized block design with four replications. Three cultivars were planted and tested on each ecotope. Plant components, yield components and soil water content measurements were done according to IBSNAT standards for a minimum data set for model validation. Soil water content was monitored continuously with a neutron water meter during the growing season, with more emphasis on the warmer and wetter part of it. The soil physical and chemical properties required as input by the model were determined. Measured data were c...","PeriodicalId":22913,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Plant and Soil","volume":"92 1","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85859383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Plant resistance × environment interaction: Perspectives on yield losses caused by the maize stalk borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller) 植物抗性与环境相互作用:玉米茎螟虫Busseola fusca造成产量损失的观点
The South African Journal of Plant and Soil Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/02571862.1996.10634377
J. V. Rensburg
{"title":"Plant resistance × environment interaction: Perspectives on yield losses caused by the maize stalk borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller)","authors":"J. V. Rensburg","doi":"10.1080/02571862.1996.10634377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.1996.10634377","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental maize hybrids with various levels of resistance to the maize stalk borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller), were evaluated at different infestation levels during seasons of favourable and unfavourable rainfall. Limited plant resistance sufficed to reduce plant damage and yield losses significantly. In spite of plant damage being more severe during the unfavourable season, yield losses were less severe, which was attributed to a greater seasonal effect on undamaged than on damaged plants. Yield reduction by seasonal effects was shown to manifest as a constant proportion of attainable yield in the favourable season, independent of infestation level. The significance of the results is discussed in relation to the development of differentiated economic thresholds, in order to improve the predictive estimation of yield losses for various categories of yield potential.","PeriodicalId":22913,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Plant and Soil","volume":"7 1","pages":"61-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75219689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Seed development and maturation in edible dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Teebus 食用干豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)种子发育与成熟研究。Teebus
The South African Journal of Plant and Soil Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/02571862.1996.10634374
H. Venter, I. Demir, S. Meillon, W. Loubser
{"title":"Seed development and maturation in edible dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Teebus","authors":"H. Venter, I. Demir, S. Meillon, W. Loubser","doi":"10.1080/02571862.1996.10634374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.1996.10634374","url":null,"abstract":"A study of seed development and maturation in edible dry bean cv. Teebus was conducted on field-grown plants. Mass maturity (maximum seed dry mass) occured 43 days after flowering (DAF) when seed moisture content was 52%. Harvest maturity (at a seed moisture content of 12.7%) was reached 15 days after mass maturity (58 DAF). Fresh seeds produced 90.5% normal seedlings at 30 DAF (13 days before mass maturity), when they had acquired only 48% of their maximum dry mass. Only 3% of rapidly dried seeds produced normal seedlings at this stage. Maximum seed quality (as determined by normal germination and conductivity of steep water), as well as maximum desiccation tolerance, were attained 5 days after mass maturity when seed moisture content was 34%. Respiration initially increased sharply, followed by a relatively constant high level for several days, after which it diminished to near zero levels when moisture content was 16.8% (5 days before harvest maturity). ATP content followed much the same pattern, but t...","PeriodicalId":22913,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Plant and Soil","volume":"16 1","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80228641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Evaluation of proline accumulation as an indicator of drought tolerance in spring wheat cultivars 脯氨酸积累作为春小麦品种耐旱性指标的评价
The South African Journal of Plant and Soil Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/02571862.1996.10634368
P. D. Heerden, O. T. Villiers
{"title":"Evaluation of proline accumulation as an indicator of drought tolerance in spring wheat cultivars","authors":"P. D. Heerden, O. T. Villiers","doi":"10.1080/02571862.1996.10634368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.1996.10634368","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate proline accumulation as an indicator of drought stress and drought tolerance in spring wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in the Western Cape. Drought stress was induced in whole plants and leaf discs in two cultivars with known drought tolerance, namely, Gamtoos (drought tolerant) and S ST 66 (slightly drought sensitive), as well as in two cultivars with unknown drought tolerance, namely, Nantes and SST 44. To assess the effect of growth stage on the reaction of the cultivars to drought stress, stress was induced during pre-anthesis and also during anthesis. Proline accumulation in whole plants showed clear genotypical differences during pre-anthesis and, to a lesser extent, during anthesis. A positive correlation between the degree (onset and extent) of proline accumulation and drought tolerance was found for Gamtoos and SST 66. Proline accumulation patterns in leaf discs did not correlate with results obtained with whole plants.","PeriodicalId":22913,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Plant and Soil","volume":"16 1","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81716112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
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