Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease最新文献

{"title":"Optimal intensity and type of lower limb aerobic training for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of RCTs.","authors":"Zhengtong Qiao, Ziwei Kou, Jiazhen Zhang, Daozheng Lv, Xuefen Cui, Dongpan Li, Tao Jiang, Xinjuan Yu, Kai Liu","doi":"10.1177/17534666251323190","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17534666251323190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lower limb aerobic exercise is the core component of pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The optimal intensity and type (e.g., interval or continuous) of exercise training remains to be determined.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the optimal intensities and types of lower limb aerobic exercise in patients with COPD.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.</p><p><strong>Data sources and methods: </strong>The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for relevant data. The interventions were classified according to their intensity and type as high-intensity interval training (HIIT), high-intensity continuous training (HICT), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and low-intensity continuous training (LICT). We assessed exercise capacity using peak work rate (Wpeak) and the 6-min walking test (6-MWT). Lung function was evaluated by measuring peak minute ventilation (VE) and the percentage of predicted FEV₁ (FEV₁pred%). Dyspnea was assessed using the Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale. Quality of life was measured with the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies were identified (979 subjects). HIIT showed the greatest improvement in Wpeak, 6-MWT, VE, and mMRC compared to usual care (MD 18.48 (95% CI 12.35, 24.60), 67.73 (34.89, 100.57), 6.26 (2.81, 9.72), and -0.53 (-0.89, -0.17), respectively) and showed the improvement in CRQ (MD 10.80 (95% CI 1.65, 19.95)). MICT showed improvement in Wpeak and 6-MWT (MD 18.28 (95% CI 11.20, 25.22), 61.92 (28.34, 95.51)) similar to HICT (MD 16.08 (95% CI 8.19, 23.84), 64.64 (28.70, 100.57)) and showed the highest improvement in CRQ compared to usual care (MD 10.83 (95% CI 1.68, 19.98)). LICT significantly improved Wpeak compared to usual care (MD 13.47 (95% CI 4.77, 22.13)). The quality of evidence for outcomes varied from very low to moderate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HIIT and MICT might be optimal training approaches for patients with COPD. LICT exhibited limited clinical efficacy. While HICT was as effective as MICT, it caused more dyspnea.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This systematic review and network meta-analysis was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (No. CRD 42024520134).</p>","PeriodicalId":22884,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease","volume":"19 ","pages":"17534666251323190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palliative care for chronic respiratory diseases in low- and middle-income countries: a narrative review.","authors":"Zeina Al Achkar, Toufic Chaaban","doi":"10.1177/17534666251318616","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17534666251318616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Palliative care is essential for patients with chronic pulmonary diseases, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and interstitial lung diseases, cause significant morbidity and mortality globally, with a heavy burden in LMICs. Despite the need, access to palliative care in LMICs is limited, leading to inadequate symptom management and support. Palliative care benefits include improved quality of life, reduced healthcare costs, and increased patient and family satisfaction. However, barriers in LMICs, including limited resources, infrastructure, and trained providers, as well as cultural and regulatory challenges, hinder care delivery. Early integration of palliative care for patients with CRDs can enhance outcomes and reduce healthcare utilization, yet it remains underutilized in these regions. This review highlights the challenges and impact of palliative care for CRDs in these regions. Addressing these issues requires regulatory reforms, provider education, and investments in healthcare infrastructure. Solutions include national policies, training healthcare professionals, telemedicine, and research collaborations. Understanding and addressing barriers to palliative care in LMICs is crucial for improving care quality and outcomes for patients with CRDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":22884,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease","volume":"19 ","pages":"17534666251318616"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11831687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A real-world study to evaluate effectiveness of mepolizumab in treating severe asthma in Taiwan (REMIT).","authors":"Shih-Lung Cheng, Shu-Min Lin, Chung-Kan Peng, Ming-Cheng Chan, Sheng-Yeh Shen, Ping-Hung Kuo, Chien-Hao Lai, Chou-Chin Lan, Chung-Yu Chen, Ching-Hsiung Lin, Kuang-Ming Liao, Po-Hao Feng, Jiin-Torng Wu, Yu-Feng Wei, Xiaomeng Xu, Rafael Alfonso-Christancho, Tina Lai, Aldo Navarro, Dominique Milea, Diahn-Warng Perng","doi":"10.1177/17534666241308406","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17534666241308406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>REMIT is the first real-world study of mepolizumab effectiveness in patients with severe asthma (SA) in Taiwan.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The primary objective evaluated changes in clinically significant exacerbations (CSEs; defined as use of oral corticosteroids (OCS) or emergency department (ED) visits and/or hospitalizations) in the 12 months pre- and post-mepolizumab treatment. Secondary objectives assessed changes in the number of CSEs requiring ED visits/hospitalizations and daily maintenance OCS (mOCS) dosage 12 months pre- and post-mepolizumab treatment. Three- and four-component clinical remissions were analyzed based on OCS-free, exacerbation-free, and asthma control (± stability in lung function).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>REMIT was a retrospective, observational, self-controlled study analyzing patients in Taiwan with SA who were newly prescribed subcutaneous mepolizumab 100 mg Q4W.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were extracted from records of 15 medical centers in Taiwan for patients indexed between November 1, 2018 and October 31, 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 170 patients were included: mean age at index date, 58.7 years; 53.5% female; 100% Chinese; 7.1% with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, 1.8% with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, 1.2% with hypereosinophilic syndrome; and 55.7% with blood eosinophil count >300/µL. Pre-treatment, 71.2% had ⩾2 exacerbations, and 28.7% were on mOCS; 75.3% had no prior biologic treatment, and 24.7% had switched from other biologics. Most patients (80.0%) completed ⩾10 mepolizumab doses. Following the first mepolizumab administration (index date), CSEs reduced by 46.0% (rate ratio (RR): 0.545, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.418-0.710; <i>p</i> < 0.0001) in the 12 months post-index. Exacerbations requiring ED visits/hospitalization reduced by 46.9% (RR: 0.531, 95% CI: 0.349-0.808; <i>p</i> = 0.0031). Median mOCS dose reduced by 100% by end of study and 81.8% of patients discontinued mOCS post-treatment. After 1 year of mepolizumab treatment, 28% and 23% patients achieved three- and four-component clinical remission, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mepolizumab use in a patient population in Taiwan with SA significantly reduced CSEs and mOCS use in routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":22884,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease","volume":"19 ","pages":"17534666241308406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneity and individualized therapy for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.","authors":"Lijuan Hua, Min Xie","doi":"10.1177/17534666251318615","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17534666251318615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), as a heterogeneous component of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, may be induced by a series of environmental and genetic factors, involved with a variety of immune cells and immune components, and presented with various clinical manifestations, with multiple organs and systems (respiratory, skin, heart, kidney, nerve, etc.) involved. The choice of glucocorticoid (GC) dosage and immunosuppressant in traditional treatment strategies varies greatly from individual to individual and is not universally applicable in all the EGPA phenotype spectrum, especially in relapsing or refractory diseases. With the understanding of the heterogeneity of EGPA, a variety of therapeutic approaches are emerging and improving the traditional treatment model. In this review, we summarized the heterogeneity of EGPA etiology and pathogenesis. Clinical and pathological manifestations of the same organ involved also show significant differences and there are even gender differences. Biological treatments that mainly target type 2 inflammatory pathways are widely used in clinical practice for remission induction and maintenance of EGPA. Targeted biological therapy has shown excellent performance in reducing GC dosage and controlling symptoms and recurrence. However, a large number of high-quality randomized controlled studies are still under research for relapsing or refractory EGPA with special organ involvement. We believe that EGPA has a highly heterogeneous phenotype spectrum, and the treatment patterns targeting key molecules in the pathogenesis are of great value for individual treatment of EGPA.</p>","PeriodicalId":22884,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease","volume":"19 ","pages":"17534666251318615"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"A real-world study to evaluate effectiveness of mepolizumab in treating severe asthma in Taiwan (REMIT)\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/17534666251322341","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17534666251322341","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22884,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease","volume":"19 ","pages":"17534666251322341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mixed-methods pilot study of domiciliary nasal high-flow therapy for breathlessness in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who do not qualify for domiciliary long-term oxygen therapy.","authors":"Natasha Smallwood, Amy Pascoe, Catherine Buchan, Aaron K Wong, David Currow, Brian Le","doi":"10.1177/17534666251314722","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17534666251314722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) therapy delivers humidified, heated air with flow rates of up to 60 L/min with oxygen entrained. HFNO has advantages over conventional oxygen therapy, including precise and reliable fraction of inspired oxygen delivery, therefore is recommended as first-line treatment for people with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This pilot study aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of domiciliary nasal high flow (NHF) without entrained oxygen for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and severe breathlessness.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Single-arm, mixed-methods, pilot study of an 8-day, air-only NHF intervention in adults with COPD and severe breathlessness not requiring domiciliary oxygen therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were educated and advised to use NHF for ⩾7 h per night for 7 nights with day use as desired. Patient-reported outcome measures were assessed on Days 3, 5 and 8.</p><p><strong>Primary outcome: </strong>feasibility.</p><p><strong>Secondary outcomes: </strong>breathlessness (dyspnoea), fatigue, quality of life, physical function, sleep, tolerability and safety. Acceptability was also assessed through semi-structured interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen participants were enrolled (mean age 73.6; 40% women; mean FEV₁ 41% predicted, mean DLCO 43.0% predicted; mean modified Medical Research Council score 3.7). Thirteen (87%) completed the trial, with 8 (54%) keeping the device at the end of the trial and 3 (20%) continuing use long-term. Adherence varied, with average daily usage higher amongst participants who kept the device compared to those who returned it (6.8 h ± 2.3 h vs 3.4 h ± 3.7 h). No changes in worst breathlessness (mean = 0.7, SD = 1.2, <i>p</i> = 0.109), dyspnoea mastery (mean = 0.3, SD = 0.6, <i>p</i> = 0.176) or fatigue (mean = 0.0, SD = 2.4, <i>p</i> = 1.00) were observed at Day 8 compared to baseline. No significant adverse events were reported. Qualitative interviews demonstrated subjective improvements in breathlessness, dry mouth and sputum production for some participants, whilst others found NHF uncomfortable. Fear of NHF dependence and concerns regarding long-term running costs were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Domiciliary NHF was a feasible intervention, albeit with varied adoption and acceptability. These trial implementation outcomes may have affected preliminary effectiveness outcomes. Further research is required to determine what role domiciliary NHF may have for people with COPD and severe breathlessness.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ACTRN12621000044820.</p>","PeriodicalId":22884,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease","volume":"19 ","pages":"17534666251314722"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world therapeutic performance of pirfenidone for connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseases.","authors":"Xueting Yuan, Chen Yu, Shengyun Liu, Qiang Shu, Xinwang Duan, Lin Tang, Liying Peng, Shuang Zhou, Chanyuan Wu, Jiuliang Zhao, Dong Xu, Lan Song, Hui Huang, Mengtao Li, Yanhong Wang, Qian Wang, Xiaofeng Zeng","doi":"10.1177/17534666241292507","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17534666241292507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pirfenidone (PFD) is commonly applied for antifibrotic treatment in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis but has rarely been studied in cases with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseases (CTD-ILDs).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to examine the efficacy of PFD in patients with CTD-ILD based on real-world data.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study assessed the clinical features of CTD-ILD patients with or without a 6-month PFD treatment. A linear mixed effects model was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of PFD in alleviating lung function changes. Differences in response to PFD were analyzed based on CTD subtype, imaging classification, and pattern of pulmonary function at baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 289 patients with CTD-ILD were included, with 155 (53.6%) receiving PFD treatment and the remaining constituting the control group. Patients with the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern were more likely to receive PFD treatment, and a relatively lower proportion of cases in the PFD group received immunosuppressive therapies compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the 6-month follow-up, patients in the PFD group demonstrated a more significant improvement in forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (ΔFVC%: 2.9% vs 0.45%, <i>p</i> = 0.009; ΔDLCO%: 1.9% vs -1.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.004). In the linear mixed model analysis, there was a statistically significant group-time interaction between FVC% and DLCO% changes over time (FVC%: β = 4.52, <i>p</i> < 0.001; DLCO%: β = 4.13, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Furthermore, subgroup analysis indicated that pirfenidone may have superior therapeutic effects in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc)-associated ILD, non-UIP pattern, and restrictive pattern of lung function at baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provided real-world data demonstrating the effectiveness of PFD in terms of lung function improvement in patients with CTD-ILD.</p>","PeriodicalId":22884,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease","volume":"18 ","pages":"17534666241292507"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142605139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in children.","authors":"Fengxia Ding, Zhengxia Pan, Chun Wu, Hongbo Li, Yonggang Li, Yong An, Jiangtao Dai, Gang Wang, Bo Liu","doi":"10.1177/17534666241228159","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17534666241228159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric bronchiectasis is a common respiratory disease in children. The use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for its treatment remains controversial.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of our study was to compare and analyze the clinical efficacy of thoracoscopic surgery and thoracotomy in the treatment of pediatric bronchiectasis and summarize the surgical treatment experience of VATS in children with bronchiectasis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective single-center cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 46 pediatric patients who underwent surgery with bronchiectasis at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2015 to May 2023. The patients were divided into two groups: the VATS group (25 cases) and the thoracotomy group (21 cases). Comparative analysis was performed on various parameters including basic clinical data, surgical methods, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, transfusion status, postoperative pain, postoperative mechanical ventilation time, chest tube drainage time, length of hospital stay, incidence of complications, and follow-up information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups of patients in terms of age, weight, gender, etiology, duration of symptoms, site of onset, and comorbidities (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The operation time in the VATS group was longer than that in the thoracotomy group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, the VATS group had better outcomes in terms of intraoperative blood loss, transfusion status, postoperative pain, postoperative mechanical ventilation time, chest tube drainage time, and length of hospital stay (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the VATS group was lower than that in the thoracotomy group, although the difference was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.152). Follow-up data showed no statistically significant difference in the surgical treatment outcomes between the two groups (<i>p</i> = 0.493).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of complications and mortality in surgical treatment of bronchiectasis is acceptable. Compared with thoracotomy surgery, VATS has advantages such as smaller trauma, less pain, faster recovery, and fewer complications. For suitable pediatric patients with bronchiectasis, VATS is a safe and effective surgical method.</p>","PeriodicalId":22884,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease","volume":"18 ","pages":"17534666241228159"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10851711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal flow of high-flow nasal cannula oxygenation to prevent desaturation during sedation for bronchoscopy: a randomized controlled study.","authors":"Wen Zhang, Xiaohong Yuan, Yajian Shen, Jiangling Wang, Kangjie Xie, Xinzhong Chen","doi":"10.1177/17534666241246637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17534666241246637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygenation is currently recommended to prevent desaturation during sedation for bronchoscopy, there is no consensus on an optimal flow rate.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the optimal oxygen flow rate for HFNC to effectively prevent desaturation during sedation for bronchoscopy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective, randomized, and controlled study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients (<i>n</i> = 240) scheduled for bronchoscopy were randomized to receive HFNC with propofol sedation (fraction of inspired oxygen, 100%) at one of six flow rates of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 L/min, designated as groups 1-6, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of desaturation significantly decreased by increasing the oxygen flow rate (42.5%, 17.5%, 15%, 10%, 2.5%, and 0% for groups 1-6, respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The optimal oxygen flow rate for HFNC determined by probit regression to effectively prevent desaturation in 95% of patients was 43.20 (95% confidence interval, 36.43-55.96) L/min. The requirement for airway intervention was significantly decreased by increasing the oxygen flow rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An HFNC flow rate of 50-60 L/min is recommended to prevent desaturation during sedation for bronchoscopy.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>NCT05298319 at ClinicalTrials.gov.</p>","PeriodicalId":22884,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease","volume":"18 ","pages":"17534666241246637"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11044788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140868667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building and validating an artificial intelligence model to identify tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica by using bronchoscopic images.","authors":"Chongxiang Chen, Fei Tang, Felix J F Herth, Yingnan Zuo, Jiangtao Ren, Shuaiqi Zhang, Wenhua Jian, Chunli Tang, Shiyue Li","doi":"10.1177/17534666241253694","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17534666241253694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given the rarity of tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO), many young doctors in primary hospitals are unable to identify TO based on bronchoscopy findings.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To build an artificial intelligence (AI) model for differentiating TO from other multinodular airway diseases by using bronchoscopic images.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We designed the study by comparing the imaging data of patients undergoing bronchoscopy from January 2010 to October 2022 by using EfficientNet. Bronchoscopic images of 21 patients with TO at Anhui Chest Hospital from October 2019 to October 2022 were collected for external validation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bronchoscopic images of patients with multinodular airway lesions (including TO, amyloidosis, tumors, and inflammation) and without airway lesions in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were collected. The images were randomized (4:1) into training and validation groups based on different diseases and utilized for deep learning by convolutional neural networks (CNNs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 201 patients with multinodular airway disease (38, 15, 75, and 73 patients with TO, amyloidosis, tumors, and inflammation, respectively) and 213 without any airway lesions. To find multinodular lesion images for deep learning, we utilized 2183 bronchoscopic images of multinodular lesions (including TO, amyloidosis, tumor, and inflammation) and compared them with images without any airway lesions (1733). The accuracy of multinodular lesion identification was 98.9%. Further, the accuracy of TO detection based on the bronchoscopic images of multinodular lesions was 89.2%. Regarding external validation (using images from 21 patients with TO), all patients could be diagnosed with TO; the accuracy was 89.8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We built an AI model that could differentiate TO from other multinodular airway diseases (mainly amyloidosis, tumors, and inflammation) by using bronchoscopic images. The model could help young physicians identify this rare airway disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":22884,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease","volume":"18 ","pages":"17534666241253694"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11131396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141157249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}