Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics最新文献

{"title":"Fracture resistance of UHPC-CA with amorphous silica: Competition between microstructure densification and shrinkage microcracking","authors":"Shaohua Li ,&nbsp;Yongheng Jiang ,&nbsp;Jingren Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amorphous silica is widely in Ultra-high Performance Concrete with coarse aggregates (UHPC-CA), however, the influence mechanism of amorphous silica on the fracture resistance of UHPC-CA with different notch positions has rarely been understood. Herein, a multiscale methodology, from microstructure quantification, mesoscale fracture surface analysis to macroscopic fracture resistance, is proposed to reveal the fracture resistance mechanism of UHPC-CA. The results indicate that higher amorphous silica contributes to more high-density calcium silicate hydrate (HD C-S-H) and ultra-high-density calcium silicate hydrate (UHD C-S-H), from 16.3% and 27.1% to 21% and 28.3%, but more microcracks from 0.018 mm/mm² to 0.031 mm/mm² and 0.042 mm/mm². More microcracks lead to less CA fracture in the case of UHPC-CA with central notch, whereas the denser microstructure and higher HD C-S-H and UHD C-S-H contribute to more CA fracture in the case of UHPC-CA with eccentric notch. Consequently, the peak fracture force of UHPC-CA with central notch firstly increases from 3420 N to 3426.6 N and then decreases down to 3166.7 N, attributed to the higher microcracks. Nevertheless, for that with eccentric notch, i.e., mixed-shear stress, the peak fracture force increases from 5073 N to 5765 N and 5510 N, thanks to the higher interlock of CA because of the denser microstructure. In the practical implications, 5% silica fume in binder system is recommended to balance the cracking resistance of UHPC-CA exposed to complex loading condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22879,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104886"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on fatigue mechanical properties and constitutive model of heat-treated sandstone","authors":"Mengxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Jiangteng Li ,&nbsp;Zhanming Shi ,&nbsp;Zhidan Zheng ,&nbsp;Hang Lin ,&nbsp;Kaihui Li ,&nbsp;Dongya Han","doi":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High temperature and fatigue are critical factors in underground rock engineering. This study investigates the fatigue characteristics of heat-treated sandstone specimens through multi-stage fatigue loading tests. The fatigue behavior is analyzed in terms of stress–strain curves, deformation, energy, acoustic emission, and crack propagation. A damage evolution equation is derived based on the extended Lemaitre strain equivalence principle, incorporating the effects of high temperature, fatigue, and creep. The modified Nishihara model, integrating creep and damage mechanics, forms a new damaged component combination model. Results show that 400 °C is a critical temperature for sandstone, with axial strain and energy density increasing stepwise with fatigue cycles. The percentage of shear cracks rises with temperature, though failure remains a mixed tensile-shear mode. The coupled damage evolution equation accurately describes damage development at different temperatures. The new model effectively captures the specimen deformation during multi-stage fatigue loading. These findings enhance the understanding of rock fatigue behavior and contribute to the prevention of underground engineering disasters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22879,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104898"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of fracture process zone of coral reef limestone under dynamic impact","authors":"Kai Wu ,&nbsp;Qingshan Meng ,&nbsp;Shizhan Lv ,&nbsp;Chi Wang ,&nbsp;Tianli Shen ,&nbsp;Le Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cohesive zone model is an important model for describing the fracture process zone (FPZ) of brittle materials, with a constitutive relationship corresponding to the force–displacement behavior in the non-elastic deformation zone, providing clear physical significance. Coral reef limestone (CRL), a heterogeneous sedimentary rock, has complex pore structure that significantly affects its fracture behavior. Given this, dynamic impact tests were conducted on CRL notched semi-circular bending (CRL-NSCB) specimens using a modified Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar. The study comparatively analyzed the differences in calculations of dynamic fracture toughness using different methods, such as the empirical formula recommended by the International Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, the J-integral method, and method of linear elastic fracture mechanics. Additionally, a high-speed camera was adopted to capture the dynamic fracture process of the specimens, and the FPZ length of CRL was accurately measured based on the digital image correlation method. A numerical model of the CRL-NSCB specimen was also established, and a numerical case was conducted by hybrid finite-discrete element method to explore the effect of pore structure on the fracture process. The results indicate that the J-integral method accounts for energy release in the FPZ, allowing for a more accurate consideration of the heterogeneity effects. Loading rate primarily influences the crack propagation mode. At low loading rates, large pores near the expected crack path induce deviation from the expected crack path. Additionally, FPZ parameters exhibit a clear rate effect. These research conclusions provide new insights into the fracture process of porous CRL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22879,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104900"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A general maximum energy release rate criterion for mixed mode I/II fatigue crack growth under large-scale yielding","authors":"Evan Wei Wen Cheok,&nbsp;Cheng Chen,&nbsp;Xudong Qian,&nbsp;Ser Tong Quek,&nbsp;Michael Boon Ing Si","doi":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mixed mode fatigue failure presents safety risks to civil infrastructure like bridges and floating structures. Under linear elastic conditions, research and applications for mixed mode I/II crack path predictions are well established. However, under extreme events, traditional criteria (such as the maximum tangential stress, minimum strain energy density and maximum energy release rate criteria) fail to consider the effects of fatigue load magnitude and consequently, do not perform well. This study proposes an extension of the traditional maximum energy release rate to address conditions involving gross plasticity within various steel specimens, referred to as the general maximum energy release rate criterion. This general criterion postulates that the crack extends in the direction which maximizes the sum of the (1) plastic dissipation energy due to plastic deformation and (2) crack surface creation energy. By virtue of its general nature, the proposed criterion performs well under linear elastic conditions. To validate the criterion’s effectiveness within the large-scale yielding regime, an experimental programme features a modified single-edge notched tension specimen design which contains a hole neighbouring the crack tip. Three specimens undergo separate constant amplitude loading regimes with varying maximum loads. The resulting crack paths exhibit distinctly different trajectories, validating the proposed criterion and ascertaining the effects of load magnitude under cyclic loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22879,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104899"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of cracking damage and load-bearing performance of in-service tunnel linings with cracks","authors":"Zhi Lin ,&nbsp;Wanlin Feng ,&nbsp;Kaixin Jin ,&nbsp;Xiang Chen ,&nbsp;Hongyun Yang ,&nbsp;Yongbo Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China ranks first globally in tunnel scale and quantity, and as service life increases, a significant number of operational tunnels are exhibiting varying degrees of cracking and damage. Understanding the evolution of cracks and load-bearing performance in cracked tunnel linings under load has gradually become a research hotspot in the industry. This provides technical support for maintenance decisions, thereby enhancing the safety and lifespan of tunnel structures.</div><div>This paper conducted full-scale tests on tunnel arch lining components and established a concurrent multi-scale numerical model of the full tunnel lining ring. Results shows that: 1) The fracture mechanism of tunnel lining is complex. The fracture initiation stage shows mixed Mode I/II fracture type fracture, then Mode I fracture type fracture in rapid development stage, and the mixed fracture mode again in failure stage. 2)existing cracks accelerate damage evolution and significantly reduce load-bearing capacity compared to intact linings. 3) The tunnel lining showed obvious multi-stage crack propagation process. When horizontal crack propagation occurs, or the crack height reaches about 60% of the section height, the structure can be considered to enter the accelerated failure stage. 4) The damage and distribution characteristics of the inner surface of the lining are different during the secondary expansion of cracks under different lining damage states, based on which the internal damage status of the structure can be preliminarily assessed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22879,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104897"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the fracture behavior of multi-scale fiber reinforced ultra-high performance cementitious composites after exposure to high temperatures","authors":"Yao Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenghao Zhang ,&nbsp;Weigang Zhao ,&nbsp;Guowen Sun ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Yan ,&nbsp;Hehua Zhu ,&nbsp;J. Woody Ju","doi":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using multi-scale hybrid fibers can remarkably enhance the mechanical properties of ultra-high performance cement-based composites. However, the evolution of fracture properties of multi-scale hybrid fiber reinforced ultra-high performance cementitious composites (MFRUHCC) with temperature remains to be revealed, which is of great significance to the safety of engineering structures in a fire. This study delves into the fracture behavior of MFRUHCC reinforced with hybrid steel fibers, polyethylene fibers, and multi-length carbon fibers through three-point bending tests of pre-notched beams after exposure to temperatures of 20 °C, 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C. The crack propagation, load-crack mouth opening displacement curves, strain distribution, and microstructural change are analyzed. Results illustrate that the hybrid utilization of carbon fibers and polyethylene fibers can improve the fracture energy and fracture toughness, but adding excessive fibrs can induce adverse effects. Although the steel fibers exhibit a slight influence on the initial fracture toughness, they can remarkably enhance the fracture energy and unstable fracture toughness. The highest unstable fracture toughness of MFRUHCC with 0.4 % short carbon fibers, 0.8 % medium carbon fibers, 0.4 % long carbon fibers, and 1.0 % polyethylene fibers and steel fibers is up to 48.99 MPa·m^1/2. It is found that carbon fibers can restrict the propagation of microcracks and strengthen the interface between steel fibers and the matrix, while the steel and polyethylene fibers can bridge the macrocracks, producing a strong synergistic toughening effect. However, this effect can be weakened above 400 °C due to the thermal degradation of steel fibers. A micromechanical model is developed to estimate the fracture toughness by considering the contribution of various fibers and temperature. These findings provide essential insights into the high-temperature behavior of MSHFRC, contributing to the advancement of more resilient and fire-resistant composite materials for engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22879,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104896"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed mode (I/II) fatigue crack growth in butt-welded joints using actual stress intensity factors","authors":"Zhe Zhang,&nbsp;Bing Yang,&nbsp;Shuancheng Wang,&nbsp;Mian Huang,&nbsp;Haoyu Zheng,&nbsp;Shoune Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To more accurately study and analyze the fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of welded structures under mixed mode I + II loading, this paper proposes a relative displacement (RD) method to calculate the stress intensity factors at the crack tip. This method simplifies complex stress conditions into measurable displacement variations. It is based on changes in the local displacement field at the crack tip, combining surface node displacement principles and relative displacement techniques to derive the corresponding driving parameters. Subsequently, FCG experiments were conducted at loading angles of 0°, 30°, 45°, and 60°, with analysis performed using digital image correlation technology. The M−integral method, Sajith’s method, and the RD method were used to calculate and compare the SIFs at the crack tip of compact-tension-shear specimens. The results show that, due to the influence of residual stress, the Δ<em>K_I</em> and Δ<em>K_eq</em> values obtained from the RD method are larger during crack growth. The d<em>a</em>/d<em>N</em>–Δ<em>K_eq</em> curve based on this method exhibits a higher degree of fitting accuracy. The findings offer new insights into the FCG behavior of welded joints under mixed mode loading and provide theoretical support for predicting the remaining useful life of railway vehicle frames.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22879,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104894"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of eccentric internal crack expansion in brittle materials at low temperature","authors":"Xiang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhende Zhu ,&nbsp;Haijun Wang ,&nbsp;Yingjie Chen ,&nbsp;Shu Zhu ,&nbsp;Semaierjiang Maimaitiyusupu","doi":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crack expansion in brittle materials due to low temperatures is a prevalent issue in engineering practices, particularly in cold regions and mining engineering. Understanding the behavior of cracks in materials subjected to thermal stress is crucial. Current research on crack extension under thermal stress primarily focuses on surface or penetrating cracks in materials, with limited studies on the expansion of three-dimensional internal cracks. This study examined the impact of thermal stress on the expansion of eccentric internal cracks within glass material, which were fabricated using laser technology to prevent surface damage. The specimens were subjected to low temperatures to observe the expansion pattern of internal cracks. Furthermore, three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations were performed to calculate stress intensity factors (SIFs) and illustrate the crack expansion paths, thereby elucidating the expansion mechanism of eccentric internal cracks. The results revealed that thermal stress at the crack tip influences the expansion of prefabricated eccentric cracks, resulting in distinct crack morphologies such as ’S’ and ’L’ shapes. Moreover, the crack expansion within the specimen exhibited a mixed mode I-II-III crack. These findings provide valuable insights into the expansion of internal cracks in brittle materials under thermal stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22879,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104895"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of approximate point load weight functions and fatigue crack growth analysis for U-rib-to-deck joints","authors":"Bin Qiang ,&nbsp;Qiang Xie ,&nbsp;Hongkai Qiu ,&nbsp;Yadong Li ,&nbsp;Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Guozheng Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the application of the weight function method (WFM) for analyzing fatigue crack growth life (FCGL) in semi-elliptical cracks under complex two-dimensional welding residual stress (WRS) conditions in U-rib-to-deck joints. A novel point load weight function was proposed, accounting for various crack configurations, including weld angle (<em>θ</em>), aspect ratio (<em>a</em>/<em>c</em>), crack depth ratio (<em>a</em>/<em>T</em>), and deck-to-rib thickness ratio (<em>T</em>/<em>t</em>). This new weight function was validated against multiple stress distributions. It was then applied using the NASGRO fatigue crack propagation model to determine stress intensity factors (SIF) and predict the FCGL under varying WRS conditions, initial crack aspect ratios, and cyclic load scenarios. Results indicate that the proposed weight function provides high accuracy for both one- and two-dimensional stress distributions. Tensile WRS significantly increases the SIF at the weld toe, accelerating fatigue crack growth by approximately 60 % compared to cases without WRS. The initial crack aspect ratio (<em>a</em>/<em>c</em>) plays a crucial role in determining FCGL, with higher ratios leading to longer FCGL and slower crack growth, stabilizing at approximately <em>a</em>/<em>c</em> = 0.6 in the later growth stages. Additionally, increasing cyclic stress peak shortens the linear crack growth phase, accelerates propagation, and reduces FCGL, highlighting the importance of mitigating high-stress conditions and WRS in U-rib-to-deck joints to extend their FCGL in practical engineering applications. Overall, the proposed method offers a conservative yet acceptable accuracy in evaluating the FCGL of U-rib-to-deck joints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22879,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104893"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the influence of structure plane on rockburst of hard rock tunnel under combined dynamic-static loading conditions","authors":"Shunchuan Wu,&nbsp;Zhenrui Zhang,&nbsp;Longqiang Han,&nbsp;Haiyong Cheng,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2025.104892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamic disturbances and structural planes (discontinuities) are of critical importance in influencing the damage of surrounding rock in underground engineering. To explore the rockburst process of structural planes under dynamic disturbances, true triaxial tests with coupled dynamic − static loading considering structural planes and periodic weak disturbances were carried out. Cubic specimens with circular holes and pre − fabricated cracks, simulating structural planes, were used as test objects. The damage and micro − cracking processes of the surrounding rock were monitored by a high − speed camera system and an acoustic emission system under three different disturbance frequency and amplitude conditions (Condition 1: 2 Hz, 40 KN; Condition 2: 6 Hz, 30 KN; Condition 3: 10 Hz, 15 KN). A comparative analysis was conducted on the failure processes, strength characteristics, acoustic emission features, debris fractal characteristics, and damage morphologies of specimens with and without structural planes under the three weak dynamic cyclic disturbance conditions. The main conclusions are (1) During the uniform loading stage, discontinuities change the occurrence time, location, and intensity of rockburst. During the disturbance, the damage of specimens with structural planes mainly occurs on the side without structural planes, and the damage intensity and frequency are lower than those of specimens without structural planes.(2) Both structural planes and disturbances weaken rock masses to some extent. Different disturbance conditions have different impacts on structure − controlled rockbursts. An increase in disturbance amplitude promotes new failures in rock masses, while an increase in disturbance frequency facilitates the expansion and connection of original micro − cracks.(3) The presence of structural planes changes the damage pattern of specimens. More shear cracks are observed in specimens with structural planes. The disturbance exacerbates stress concentration, leading to more severe damage to the rock mass. In practical engineering, construction should avoid discontinuities as much as possible. Grouting and support can effectively reduce the hazards of rockbursts caused by structural planes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22879,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104892"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}