{"title":"MaPMT Relative Efficiency Measurements for the LHCb RICH Upgrade","authors":"A. Batyrkhanov","doi":"10.7566/jpscp.27.012004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.27.012004","url":null,"abstract":"The Large Hadron Collider beauty experiment (LHCb) at CERN is aimed to study flavor-physics. The Ring Imaging Cherenkov detector system (RICH), which provides particle identification, have been operating successfully since 2010. During the second Long Shutdown of the LHC of 2019-2020, the RICH detectors will be upgraded to maintain the excellent PID performance with a five-fold increase of instantaneous luminosity. In addition, the detector will be readout at the full LHC bunch-crossing rate of 40 MHz using a flexible software based trigger. To cope with that changes the current hybrid photon detectors will be replaced by Hamamatsu R13472 multi-anode photomultipliers (MaPMT) with external brand new frontend electronics. The new photodetectors and the associated electronics have been subjected to calibration procedures. The high-voltage working point determination, relative efficiency measurements of MaPMT pixels and their calibration procedure for the RICH detector system will be presented.","PeriodicalId":228570,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on New Photon-Detectors (PD18)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128535933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Mochizuki, J. Xia, M. Shiozawa, T. Yano, Y. Nishimura
{"title":"Development of a Bleeder Circuit of 50 cm Diameter Photomultiplier Tubes for Hyper-Kamiokande","authors":"T. Mochizuki, J. Xia, M. Shiozawa, T. Yano, Y. Nishimura","doi":"10.7566/jpscp.27.012001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.27.012001","url":null,"abstract":"The design of the bleeder circuit of the photomultiplier tubes for Hyper-Kamiokande was optimized to satisfy required specifications. We achieved the wide dynamic range over 1,000 photo-electrons. We also confirmed the gain stability within 10% change for the light amount up to 650 photo-electrons and the rate tolerance up to 90 MHz for single photo-electron level signal.","PeriodicalId":228570,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on New Photon-Detectors (PD18)","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122506456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance of the MCP-PMTs of the TOP Counter in the First Beam Operation of the Belle II Experiment","authors":"K. Matsuoka","doi":"10.7566/jpscp.27.011020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.27.011020","url":null,"abstract":"We developed a square-shaped micro-channel-plate photomultiplier tube (MCP-PMT), and successfully produced and installed 512 MCP-PMTs into the TOP counter of the Belle II experiment in 2016. The TOP counter is the first-ever detector that is equipped with such a large number of MCP-PMTs. All of them have a time resolution better than 50 ps for single photon detection and a peak quantum e ffi ciency of 29.3% on average at a wavelength around 360 nm. Those excellent time resolution and e ffi ciency are essential for the TOP counter to reconstruct the Cherenkov image for particle iden-tification. The MCP-PMTs were operated in success for the first beam data taking of the Belle II experiment in 2018. The number of detected photons per track from the beam collisions was evaluated, and it was found to be larger than expected, which is yet to be investigated.","PeriodicalId":228570,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on New Photon-Detectors (PD18)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131186944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hahn, A. Dettlaff, D. Fink, D. Mazin, R. Mirzoyan, M. Teshima
{"title":"Results of the Parallel Operation of Large-Size SiPM Detector Modules and PMTs in IACTs","authors":"A. Hahn, A. Dettlaff, D. Fink, D. Mazin, R. Mirzoyan, M. Teshima","doi":"10.7566/jpscp.27.011010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.27.011010","url":null,"abstract":"We developed three prototype detector modules using silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) in-stead of conventional photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) at the Max Planck Institute for Physics. These prototypes are being used to compare the performance of SiPMs and PMTs during operation in the imaging cameras of the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescopes. The detector modules use either Hamamatsu, SensL or Excelitas devices. To achieve an active area comparable to a 1 inch PMT, we used a matrix of up to nine 6 (cid:2) 6 mm 2 SiPMs, actively summing the individual signals while maintaining their fast signal response. The installation of the three prototype modules was completed in 2017. Since then they have been operated alongside the PMT based camera on nightly basis. The resulting data, comprised of Cherenkov light generated in extensive air showers (EAS) and arti(cid:12)cial light pulses, is collected during telescope operation and used for performance comparisons. The MAGIC camera structure is suitable for the installation of up to six prototype detector modules next to the PMTsfor parallel operation. The outer camera rim, where we installed the SiPM based detector modules, is not included in the trigger. In order to gather data on operation in the trigger area one prototype module was installed to the camera centre for a single night in 2018. The two MAGIC telescopes utilized in this study are located on the Canary Island of La Palma. Each telescope consists of a 17 m diameter mirror dish and a camera composed of 1039 PMTs. of","PeriodicalId":228570,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on New Photon-Detectors (PD18)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126568770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Masuda, T. Hiraki, H. Kaino, S. Kishimoto, Y. Miyamoto, K. Okai, S. Okubo, R. Ozaki, N. Sasao, K. Suzuki, S. Uetake, A. Yoshimi, K. Yoshimura
{"title":"Fast APD Detector with a Short Tail in the Timing Response for an Experiment Using Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Beam","authors":"T. Masuda, T. Hiraki, H. Kaino, S. Kishimoto, Y. Miyamoto, K. Okai, S. Okubo, R. Ozaki, N. Sasao, K. Suzuki, S. Uetake, A. Yoshimi, K. Yoshimura","doi":"10.7566/jpscp.27.012020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.27.012020","url":null,"abstract":"We developed a fast X-ray detector system for a nuclear resonant scattering experiment of thorium-229. The system employs silicon avalanche photo-diode as a fast X-ray sensor. The design of the system mainly focuses on the small tail of the timing response in a high rate condition. To reduce the tail component, the system acquires three parameters for each single X-ray photon: the constant fraction timing, the trailing edge timing with a fixed threshold, and the pulse height. The performance of the system was investigated in KEK-PF. A quite small tail of 10 (cid:0) 9 level at 0.5 ns apart from the peak was achieved by using the correlation between the pulse height and the pulse width information.","PeriodicalId":228570,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on New Photon-Detectors (PD18)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134145025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurements of Low-energy X-rays with a Detector Using a Plastic Scintillator and an MPPC","authors":"S. Kishimoto, M. Sakamaki, K. Amemiya","doi":"10.7566/jpscp.27.012003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.27.012003","url":null,"abstract":"An MPPC (Multi-Pixel Photon Counter) has some advantages of a low-voltage operation and easily making a multi-element type detector, when comparing with a photomultiplier tube. We tried to detect soft X-rays of less than 6 keV with a scintillation detector using an MPPC. The detector consists of a plastic scintillator (Pilot-U, 5 mm in diameter and 1 mm thick) and an MPPC (Hamamatsu Photonics, S13360-6642, 3×3 mm2, pixel size: 25 μm, without a resin window). We measured pulse-height spectra using a charge-sensitive preamplifier, cooled down to −10°C. The detector could clearly distinguish 6 keV X-rays from noise signals. We also measured time spectra of X-ray pulse structure of 2-ns intervals in the multibunch operating mode of the Photon Factory ring. A time resolution (Full width of half-maximum) of 0.51±0.06 ns was obtained at a bias voltage of +60.0 V and at −10°C, using a fast amplifier having a gain of 100.","PeriodicalId":228570,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on New Photon-Detectors (PD18)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116605966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Tsuji, Linghui Liu, Tatsuro Torimaru, Toshinori Mori, W. Ootani
{"title":"Study on Granularity Optimization for ILD Hadron Calorimeter","authors":"N. Tsuji, Linghui Liu, Tatsuro Torimaru, Toshinori Mori, W. Ootani","doi":"10.7566/jpscp.27.012015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.27.012015","url":null,"abstract":"The CALICE Analogue Hadron CALorimeter (AHCAL) at the International Linear Collider (ILC) is a high-granularity hadron calorimeter based on scintillator tiles readout by MPPCs. Toward the construction of ILC, the AHCAL granularity is being optimized. We have studied mixed configurations of the granularity by using larger scintillator tiles. We first measured the performance of 60×60 mm2 tile, which is larger than the standard 30 × 30 mm2 tile. The uniformity of the response in the tile was found to be quite good although the light yield is reduced by a factor of two compared to the standard 30 × 30 mm2 tile, which can be recovered with a larger-area MPPC. A prototype detection layer composed of 144 pieces of 60×60 mm2 tiles was constructed. The detection layer was added to the AHCAL large technological prototype composed of 38 detection layers with 30 × 30 mm2 tiles. The detection layer was successfully tested in test beam experiments at CERN SPS. The measured performance of the detection layer is presented as well as the study on the possible saturation using the test beam data.","PeriodicalId":228570,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on New Photon-Detectors (PD18)","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114829149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuki Nakamura, A. Okumura, H. Tajima, N. Yamane, A. Zenin
{"title":"Characterization of SiPM Optical Crosstalk and Its Dependence on the Protection-Window Thickness","authors":"Yuki Nakamura, A. Okumura, H. Tajima, N. Yamane, A. Zenin","doi":"10.7566/JPSCP.27.011003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.27.011003","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to their high photon detection efficiency, compactness, and low operating voltage, silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have found widespread application in many fields, including medical imaging, particle physics, and high-energy astrophysics. However, the so-called optical crosstalk (OCT) phenomenon of SiPMs is a major drawback to their adoption. Secondary infrared photons are emitted inside the silicon substrate spontaneously after the avalanche process caused by the primary incident photons, and they can be detected by the surrounding photodiodes. As a result large output pulses that are equivalent to multiple photoelectrons are observed with a certain probability (OCT rate), even for single-photon events, making the charge resolution worse and increasing the rate of accidental triggers by single-photon events in applications such as atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. In our previous study, we found that the OCT rates of single-channel SiPMs was dependent on the thickness of their protection resin window, which may be explained by photon propagation inside the resin. In the present study, we measured the OCT rate of a multichannel SiPM and those of neighboring channels caused by photon propagation. Both OCT rates were found to be dependent on the protection-window thickness. We report our OCT measurements of a multichannel SiPM and comparisons with a ray-tracing simulation.","PeriodicalId":228570,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on New Photon-Detectors (PD18)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128172543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Okumura, A. Asano, Kazuhiro Furuta, N. Hidaka, Yuki Nakamura, H. Tajima, A. Zenin
{"title":"Development of a UV-Transparent Lens Array for Enlarging the Effective Area of Multichannel SiPMs","authors":"A. Okumura, A. Asano, Kazuhiro Furuta, N. Hidaka, Yuki Nakamura, H. Tajima, A. Zenin","doi":"10.7566/JPSCP.27.011009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.27.011009","url":null,"abstract":"We developed a UV-transparent lens array that can increase the photon detection efficiency of a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) array comprising of 64 pixels ($3times3$ mm$^2$ each) and 0.2-mm gaps. Through the plano-convex spherical lens on each $3.2times3.2$ mm$^2$ region, we showed that the loss of photon detection efficiency due to the pixel gaps could be recovered as the incident photons get concentrated on the sensitive regions of the SiPM array. By using a prototype lens array, we achieved approximately 10%-30% relative increase in photon detection efficiency in our target angles of incidence of 30-60 deg.","PeriodicalId":228570,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on New Photon-Detectors (PD18)","volume":" 23","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120826965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Korzenev, C. Betancourt, A. Blondel, D. Breton, A. Datwyler, D. Gascón, S. Gómez, M. Khabibullin, Y. Kudenko, Y. Kudenko, Y. Kudenko, J. Maalmi, P. Mermod, E. Noah, N. Serra, D. Sgalaberna, B. Storaci
{"title":"Plastic Scintillator Detector with the Readout Based on an Array of Large-Area SiPMs for the ND280/T2K Upgrade and SHiP Experiments","authors":"A. Korzenev, C. Betancourt, A. Blondel, D. Breton, A. Datwyler, D. Gascón, S. Gómez, M. Khabibullin, Y. Kudenko, Y. Kudenko, Y. Kudenko, J. Maalmi, P. Mermod, E. Noah, N. Serra, D. Sgalaberna, B. Storaci","doi":"10.7566/JPSCP.27.011005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.27.011005","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic scintillator detectors have been extensively used in particle physics experiments for decades. A large-scale detector is typically arranged as an array of staggered long bars which provide a fast trigger signal and/or particle identification via time-of-flight measurements. Scintillation light is collected by photosensors coupled to both ends of every bar. In this article, we present our study on a direct replacement of commonly used vacuum photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) by arrays of large-area silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). An SiPM array which is directly coupled to the scintillator bulk, has a clear advantage with respect to a PMT: compactness, mechanical robustness, high PDE, low operation voltage, insensitivity to magnetic field, low material budget, possibility to omit light-guides. In this study, arrays of eight 6 x 6 mm2 area SiPMs were coupled to the ends of plastic scintillator bars with 1.68 m and 2.3 m lengths. An 8 channel SiPM anode readout ASIC (eMUSIC) was used for the readout, amplification and summation of signals of individual SiPMs. Timing characteristics of a large-scale detector prototype were studied in test-beams at the CERN PS. This technology is proposed for the ToF system of the ND280/T2K II upgrade at J-PARC and the timing detector of the SHiP experiment at the CERN SPS.","PeriodicalId":228570,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on New Photon-Detectors (PD18)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122460169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}