The Journal of Phytology最新文献

{"title":"Impact of soaking, sprouting on antioxidant and anti-nutritional factors in millet grains","authors":"G. Bhuvaneshwari, A. Nirmalakumari, S. Kalaiselvi","doi":"10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6384","url":null,"abstract":"Commonly consumed millet types viz., Little millet, foxtail millet, pearl millet, finger millet, and Kodo millet were tested under two processing methods of soaking and germination at a different time point. Most popular processing practices adopted by Indian households were studied for their influence on the biochemical properties, antioxidant profile, and anti-nutritive factors. The results showed that the sprouting process showed a maximum influence on the antioxidant and anti-nutritive factors. The comparative analysis of the five millets suggested 24h soaking and 24h germination was found to be best for producing nutritionally enriched millet products. Tannin content decreases with an increase in germination. The reduction in tannin was about 50% in little millet (0.347 mg/g) and the highest was recorded in finger millet (2.07 mg/g). The highest amount of saponin content was found in pearl millet( 39.53 mg/g) followed by finger millet (34.86 mg/g) with 24 hr soaking and 24 hr germination. The phytase activity was found to be higher in little millet (61.520 u/kg) when prolonged soaking and germination. The DPPH assay showed sprouted foxtail millet grains contain more antioxidant activity (81.13%) with extended period of soaking and germination.","PeriodicalId":22829,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Phytology","volume":"3 1","pages":"62-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86460811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of callus and cell suspension culture of Sophora alopecuroides Linn. for the production of oxymatrine","authors":"M. Tsolmon, G. Oyundari, O. Yu, K. Senthil","doi":"10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6308","url":null,"abstract":"Oxymatrine is one of the most important biologically active compound and is present in Sophora alopecuroides L. The present investigation focuses on the development of an efficient tissue culture method to induce callus and cell suspension culture of S. alopecuroides by studying the effect of jasmonic acid and nitric oxide on cell suspension culture. Callus induction efficiency is high in axenic leaf explants grown in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L Kinetin (Kin), 1.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The cell suspension culture was developed using the same callus induction medium without agar. The maximum cell number and dry weight of suspension culture were obtained by the 9th day of incubation. The synthesis of oxymatrine is higher in jasmonic acid and nitric oxide (200 μMJA and 50 μMNO) combination (11.91 μg/g) when compared to the non-elicited control (8.3 μg/g ) of callus.","PeriodicalId":22829,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Phytology","volume":"39 1","pages":"35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90189093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Little millet (Panicum sumatrense) varieties using Morphological descriptors and SSR based DNA fingerprinting","authors":"Senthilkumar A. Natesan, Gayathri Venugopalan, S. Selvamani, Madhumitha Krishnamoorthy, Sarankumar Chandran, Nirmalakumari Angamuthu","doi":"10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6317","url":null,"abstract":"Little millet (Panicum sumatrense) is also known as Indian millet. It is cultivated as a cereal across Nepal, India and Western Myanmar, and its center of origin is West Africa. The wild relative of little millet is P.psilopodium. It forms an important role in tribal agriculture in Eastern Ghats of India. Little millet is grown on temperate and tropical climate. Little millet is an annual tuffed grass with slender culms, soft leaves, inflorescence a panicle with erect hairy branches, spikelets in pairs with two glumes. The discovery of syntenic regions among the cereals which aids to identify useful alleles of important agromorphological traits. An earlier study by Ali et al [2] developed 48 EST-SSR markers among 37 accessions of the little millets. Only limited reports are available on the genetic diversity of little millet germplasm, that too is based on a limited number of DNA markers [3, 4]. Thus the limited sequence information available in the little millets necessitates the search for the available markers from the maize, barnyard millet, and pearl millet due to the cereal millet synteny and also the availability of the SSR markers. The little millet husked grain is cooked as like rice and sometimes made into flour for different types of food preparations. The soft straw is palatable to cattle and the green plant has potentialities as a quick-growing fodder. The present investigation was conducted to carry out the comprehensive characterization of little millet genotypes based on Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) characters for Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Authority (PPVFRA) registration because of its property to identify the dissimilarity between the newly released and the existing genotypes as well as to distinguish the germplasm. Cereal crops exhibit cross-genera transferability, of DNA markers into many cereals such as maize, Characterization of little millet (Panicum sumatrense) varieties using morphological descriptors and SSR based DNA fingerprinting","PeriodicalId":22829,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Phytology","volume":"34 1","pages":"29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77971192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The essential oil constituents of Artabotrys species – A review","authors":"R. Subban, S. Kaveri","doi":"10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6332","url":null,"abstract":"Artabotrys species which belongs to Annonaceae family are pleasant smelling and it is attributed to the presence of mono and sesquiterpenoids present in the essential oil of the plant. The objective of the present work is to review the chemical composition of the essential oils reported from twenty different Artabotrys species from various parts of the world. In the various Artabotrys species, the major compounds are monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The frequently and most commonly identified constituents are β-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, 3-Carene, cyperene, cyperenone and 1,5-epoxy-salvial4(14)-ene. Other constituents seems to be more specific to the respective Artabotrys species.","PeriodicalId":22829,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Phytology","volume":"45 1","pages":"24-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86714962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed priming effects on germination and first growth of the medicinal plant Achillea millefolium L.","authors":"P. Kanatas, Vyronas Dellaportas, I. Kakabouki, Panayiota Papastylianou","doi":"10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6324","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of seed priming on germination and growth of A. millefolium by means of laboratory and greenhouse experiments conducted during 2018 in Agricultural University of Athens. Treatments were GA3 (400 and 800 ppm), potassium nitrate (2% and 4%), polyethylene-glycol (soaking for 12 and 24h) besides an untreated control. Experiment in Petri dishes revealed that GA3 at 400 ppm, potassium nitrate (at concentration 2 and 4%) and PEG significantly increased germination percentage of A. millefolium, while germination rate was also significantly improved as a result of all seed priming techniques. In addition, due to the soil experiment, seedling emergence was significantly increased by GA3 at 400 ppm, potassium nitrate (at both concentrations) and PEG compared with the untreated seeds. Dry biomass of the young seedlings was significantly enhanced by means of GA3 (at 400 and 800 ppm), KNO3 (4%) and PEG for 24 h, indicating the potential effect of seed priming on first growth as well. The results of the present study revealed the significant positive effects of seed priming on A. millefolium seed germination, seedling emergence and early growth.","PeriodicalId":22829,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Phytology","volume":"44 1","pages":"20-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86899461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine vision detection of pests, diseases, and weeds: A review","authors":"Chiranjeevi Muppala, Velmathi Guruviah","doi":"10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2020.v12.6145","url":null,"abstract":"Most of mankind’s living and workspace have been or going to be blended with smart technologies like the Internet of Things. The industrial domain has embraced automation technology, but agriculture automation is still in its infancy since the espousal has high investment costs and little commercialization of innovative technologies due to reliability issues. Machine vision is a potential technique for surveillance of crop health which can pinpoint the geolocation of crop stress in the field. Early statistics on crop health can hasten prevention strategies such as pesticide, fungicide applications to reduce the pollution impact on water, soil, and air ecosystems. This paper condenses the proposed machine vision relate research literature in agriculture to date to explore various pests, diseases, and weeds detection mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":22829,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Phytology","volume":"33 1","pages":"9-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89909063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of Haloxylon salicarnicum, Ochradenus arabicus and Tamarix nilotica","authors":"M. Alshamsi, Alghazal K. H. Alnuaimi, A. Senthilkumar, R. Alshamsi, K. Karthishwaran, Wasef Al-Zayadneh, A. Cheruth","doi":"10.25081/jp.2019.v11.6149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2019.v11.6149","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, the preliminary phytochemical analysis and antioxidant potential of hexane, chloroform, acetone and methanol extracts of Haloxylon salicarnicum, Ochradenus arabicus and Tamarix nilotica were reported. The presence of flavonoid, alkaloid, phenols, terpenoids, carbohydrate, tannin, protein, steroids, saponin, phlobatannin, cardiacglycoside, anthraquinines and volatile oils were determined and for antioxidant activity, DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging potential were studied. Strong presence of alkaloid, tannin, steroids in H. salicarnicum, flavonoid and phenols in O. arabicus and saponin T. nilotica were observed. In the present investigation, all the extracts inhibited the free radicals the methanol extract of O. arabicus was identified as potential crude extract compared to all other extracts with the IC50 values of 91.65 (DPPH), 94.62 (ABTS), 95.82 (O2) and 96.02 (OH) μg/mL. Whereas, the IC50 value of the standard, Gallic acid were 125.25 (DPPH), 142.32 (ABTS), 130.78 (O2) and 139.93 μg/mL (OH). Whereas, the IC50 value of the standard, Gallic acid were 125.25 (DPPH), 142.32 (ABTS), 130.78 (O2) and 139.93 μg/mL (OH)The present study suggests that methanol extract of O. arabicus can be used for the isolation potential natural antioxidant.","PeriodicalId":22829,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Phytology","volume":"31 1","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89918204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF ENRICHED SANJEEVANI AND AGNIHOTRA ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.)","authors":"S. Tripathy, A. Dutta","doi":"10.25081/jp.2019.v11.3818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2019.v11.3818","url":null,"abstract":"Brinjal is a crop grown widely all over India and preferred by both rich and poor. The Chhotanagpur plateau of Jharkhand is famous for quality vegetable production and brinjal is very commonly grown in this region almost throughout the year. However, the most of the commercial growers using plant protection chemicals and synthetic fertilizers those are so expensive that poor farmers can’t afford. The extensive uses of agro-chemicals and synthetic fertilizers also reduce the quality of both the produce and the cultivated soil. In this context, an attempt has been made through the present investigation by growing different varieties of brinjal by adopting Vedic (Enriched Sanjeevani) Farming and Homa Induction (Agnihotra) techniques with their respective four non-chemical alternative growing approaches, viz. E1C1: Enriched Sanjeevani (1%), E1C2: Absolute Control (inherent fertility status of the experimental plot); E2C1: Enriched Sanjeevani (1%) + Homa Induction (Agnihotra), and E2C2: Only Homa Induction (Agnihotra). Five varieties of the crop, viz. V1: Swarna Pratibha; V2: Swarna Neelima; V3: Swarna Shakti; V4: Mukta Jhuri; V5: Long Green were grown with their four replications under four growing conditions and the Randomized Completed Block Design was adopted for field trials. Different growth, yield and quality attributing characters of the crop were taken into account and findings revealed that E2C1: Enriched Sanjeevani (1%) + Homa Induction (Agnihotra) was the most suitable growing condition for V2 (Swarna Neelima) with the maximum yield (72.37 t ha -1). Different growth and yield attributes of the crop varieties (especially in the case of V2: Swarna Neelima) were highly influenced by Enriched Sanjeevani (1%) + Homa Induction (Agnihotra) [E2C1] growing condition resulting higher benefit cost ratio of 6.78. Quality contributing attributes were also highly influenced by homa induction (Agnihotra), as a consequence, higher level of dry matter, TSS, and ascorbic acid contents were estimated from almost all samples collected from E2C1: Enriched Sanjeevani (1%) + Homa Induction (Agnihotra), and E2C2: Only Homa Induction (Agnihotra) growing conditions.","PeriodicalId":22829,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Phytology","volume":"37 1","pages":"42-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87518652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induced mutagenesis in Cicer arietinum by the application of EMS and Gamma rays with special reference to the cytological studies","authors":"S. Umavathi, L. M. I. Anittha","doi":"10.25081/JP.2018.V10.3455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/JP.2018.V10.3455","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to analyze the chemical and physical mutagenesis on Cicer arietinum with special reference to cytological studies. In this regard, CO–4 variety of chick pea was subjected to different concentration of gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60kR) and EMS (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mmol) for inducing mutation. The M1 plants exposed to mutagen produces a clear cut difference from the untreated control. The root mitotic studies reveal a wide range of chromosomal aberrations such as stickiness, laggards, bridges and some other precocious movement. The percentage of abnormal cell increased with dosage in both mutagens; and 50 mmol EMS showed more chromosomal aberrations when compared to gamma rays.","PeriodicalId":22829,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Phytology","volume":"18 1","pages":"52-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74824176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A SHEA BUTTER RICH IN TOCOPHEROLS (VITAMIN E) AT THE DOGON PLATEAU AND SENO BANKASS IN MALI (WEST AFRICA)","authors":"B. Kelly, F. Davrieux, J. Bouvet","doi":"10.25081/JP.2018.V10.3743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/JP.2018.V10.3743","url":null,"abstract":"Vitellaria paradoxa, a forest tree species plays an important role for rural populations in Mali. The kernel is rich in fat, fatty acids and tocopherols and the butter extrated from the kernel is used in many African kitchens, in pharmacology, cosmetics, local traditional medicine and as Chocolate Butter Equivalent (CBE) in chocolate industry. A consortium funded by the Europena Union has worked on several aspects of shea tree including chemical characterisation of shea butter. In Mali, one of the project partners, five sites were selected, fruits were collected from selected shea trees and sent to Montpellier for chemical analyses assessing among other variables the tocopherol content of the shea butter using liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results of this study shown that shea butter from the Dogon Plateau and the Seno Bankass is richer in tocopherols (Vitamin E) compared to other study sites. Sites were found significantly different for tocopherols content all together as well as for each type of tocopherol. The richness of shea butter from the Dogon Plateau and the Seno Bankass in tocopherols confers to it an important nutritional value for the good healf of rural populations of this zone, shea butter being the main source of fat for cooking in this area.","PeriodicalId":22829,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Phytology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90538398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}