Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access最新文献

{"title":"Meso-Neoarchean Key Magmatic Systems from Karelian Craton: Geochemical Characteristics and Geodynamic Implication","authors":"Svetov Sa, Vinod Ks, Chazengina Sy, Rybnikova Zp, Gogolev Ma","doi":"10.31031/AAOA.2018.03.000552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/AAOA.2018.03.000552","url":null,"abstract":"The rock assemblages of the Vedlozero-Segozero greenstone belt (Central Karelia) were used as reference pattern for the study of Archean crust-forming processes of the Karelian Craton. This paper presents geochemical and U-Pb (SHRIMP II) zircon dating data for the mafic and andesite rocks. The results obtained by using the approach, based on the analysis of the volcanic rocks, combined with intrusive and sedimentary rocks, maintain the model of the initial stage of the assembling of the Karelian Craton.","PeriodicalId":228128,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132882754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earth Crust Evolution (From Precambrian to Recent): Introduction","authors":"Singh Vk","doi":"10.31031/AAOA.2018.03.000551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/AAOA.2018.03.000551","url":null,"abstract":"The earth crustal growth since its formation still need in depth research which evolves a wide range of geological processes including plate tectonics and magmatic on which man life existing. Therefore, this special volume planned after organising three International Conferences on Precambrian Continental Growth and Tectonism, in 2005, 2009 and 2013 at the Institute of Earth Sciences of Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India, for the vitality of interactive platforms which provide scholars with the muchneeded opportunities for closer interaction and thought exchange. The proceedings of these conferences had incorporated the great ideas and achievements from scientists, acting as a valuable source for advance research [1-3]. This thematic issue contains 16 research articles on geodynamic evolution of earth, geomorphology, structural, petrologic, isotopic, tectonic, and geochemistry investigations related to the earth crust and its economic importance for society.","PeriodicalId":228128,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123553506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objects in Transit and Objects in Storage; Cultural Heritage on Exhibit in the 21st Century","authors":"C. Mathias","doi":"10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000549","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":228128,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115669088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ground Water Arsenic Pollution in West Bengal and Bangladesh: Role of Quaternary Stratigraphy and Sedimetation","authors":"Acharyya Sk","doi":"10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000550","url":null,"abstract":"Arsenic pollution is pervasive at shallow depth in low-land organic rich Holocene (~10,000 year BP) alluvium in southern parts of the Bengal Delta. The upland terraces, mainly made up of Pleistocene (~10,000yr to ~1.8 my BP) sediments and capped by an oxidised zone, are free of arsenic problem [1,2]. Arsenic is sourced mainly from the Himalaya. Damodar fan delta, although entirely drained through Peninsular India, is also marginally affected. No arsenic mineral is present in contaminated alluvial aquifers; instead it occurs adsorbed on Hydrated Ferric Oxide (HFO), which generally coats sediment grains. Arsenic is released to groundwater mainly by bio-mediated reductive dissolution of HFO with corresponding oxidation of organic matter. Arsenic concentration in alluvium is broadly uniform, thus release process rather than source is important factor in arsenic pollution. Dug-well because of their oxygenated nature is useful low cost source of arsenic-safe water even in contaminated areas. This is particularly relevant in areas located away from surface water sources. Arch & Anthropol Open Acc Copyright © Acharyya SK 283 How to cite this article: Acharyya S. Ground Water Arsenic Pollution in West Bengal and Bangladesh: Role of Quaternary Stratigraphy and Sedimetation. Arch & Anthropol Open Acc. 2(5). AAOA.000550. 2018.DOI: 10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000550 Volume 2 Issue 5 The Holocene sediments beneath YDP in West Bengal and Bangladesh have been tentatively classified into three broad stratigraphic units (Figure 3) based on limited subsurface data [1,6]. These alluvial units are not layer cake in geometry. Thus at places late Pleistocene sediments can occur at shallow depth and incised Holocene channels may occupy deeper levels. The near surface Unit 3 consists of mud, silt, fine sand and locally present peat beds; Unit 2 is dominantly composed of fine, often dirty sand with clay intercalations; whereas, the Unit 1 is coarser, cleaner and sandy. Most arseniferous tube wells generally tap aquifers in Unit 2. C14 (radio carbon) ages from organic matter in the basal Unit 1 range from ~28,300 to ~12,300yr BP. The basal sand and gravel bearing Unit 1 was deposited in entrenched paleochannels during Late Pleistocene and earliest Holocene under low-stand setting [1,6]. Sea-level gradually decreased and reached their lowest level of ~135m during the Late Pleistocene around 18,000yr BP, when the Pleistocene and Late Tertiary sediments located over the present Ganga delta and shelf areas were exposed to erosion and oxidation. Parts of Pleistocene alluvium covering the present delta region remained as incised upland terraces, which were dissected by the proto-Bhagirathi-Ganga-Brahmaputra river system. The Pleistocene terraces, capped by oxidized sediments and hard brown-bluish gray impervious clay paleosol formed interfluve uplands. These were dissected by Holocene sedimentfilled paleochannels and partly buried under younger deltaic Holocene sediments. The hard cla","PeriodicalId":228128,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126137956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethiopia is an Important Center of Crop Origin: A Proof from Archaeology and Anthropology","authors":"Alemayehu Kefalew, S. Sintayehu","doi":"10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000548","url":null,"abstract":"From the perspectives of biodiversity and crop origin, is believed to be a land of topographic diversities [1] and home of multiple ethnic groups [2]. Moreover, it is known to be a land for the origin of both human kind and plants (Alemayehu Kefalew and Sara Sintayehu, 2017). Globally Ethiopia is known to be part of biodiversity hotspot area. Below (Figure 1), the red marks, are Earth’s biologically richest places with high number of species found nowhere else, and one of which is Ethiopia. Alemayehu Kefalew1* and Sara Sintayehu2","PeriodicalId":228128,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access","volume":" 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132095057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Well-Ordered Societies Fulfilling the Difference Principle","authors":"Takashi Suzuki","doi":"10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000545","url":null,"abstract":"Rawls asked himself “When a regime works in accordance with its ideal institutional description, which of the five regimes satisfy the two principles of justice?” He eliminated regimes (a) to (c) because he felt that they violated the principles of justice from the outset and concluded: “this leaves (d) and (e) above, property-owning democracy and liberal socialism: their ideal descriptions include arrangements designed to satisfy the two principles of justice (ibid., p.138)”. However, Rawls did not provide any positive or convincing proof to demonstrate that the second principle was indeed satisfied within (at least) these two regimes. Indeed, his theoretical explanation is far from satisfactory, “Suppose that x1 is the most favored representative man in the basic structure. As his expectations are increased so are the prospects of x2, the least advantaged man. In Figure 1 let the curve OP represent the contribution to x2’s expectation made by the greater expectations of period. x1The point O, the origin, represents the hypothetical state in which all social primary goods are distributed equally. Now the OP curve is always below the 45-degree line, since x1 is always better off. Thus, the only relevant parts of the indifference curves are those below this line, and for this reason, the upper left-hand part of Figure 1 is not drawn in. Clearly, the difference principle is perfectly satisfied only when the OP curve is just tangent to the highest indifference curve it touches. In Figure 1 this is at the point a ([1], p.46).”","PeriodicalId":228128,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128387757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical importance of District Rajanpur","authors":"S. Akhtar, Azhar Maqsood","doi":"10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000544","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":228128,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access","volume":"295 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123916002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Revitalisation of the Labour Movement in Nigeria, Egypt, South Africa, Algeria and Angola: The Use of ICT","authors":"K. FransinaGirley, R. Rego, E. Keyser","doi":"10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000541","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to conceptualise revitalisation of trade unions, trade union strategies, new information era and Internet use of trade unions internationally and in the five largest economies in Africa and present the use of the Internet as a strategy to prevent further challenges of trade union such as union membership decline and density. The research is based on the experience of a participant observer. The analysis based on historical development information, the related literature and documentation of the application of ICT. It has shown that there is slow progress of the ICTs by the unions of the top five economies in Africa due to the historical landscape they face. Trade unions are developing slowly and need to adapt to the use of the ICTs. The research focus was relatively narrow and focused on the ICT use and strategies of unions and more specifically unions in the five largest economies in Africa. This research is focusing on how unions are attempting to renew themselves through the use of Internet technology, networking and ICT. There were limitations in this research as there was a lack of availability of primary documentation and secondary analysis to evaluate and access the accuracy of observations and conclusions.This study will add value to trade unions particularly on the African continent to learn from and adapt to ICTs such as the website and Internet use.","PeriodicalId":228128,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125602703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approach of Religious Intellectuals Regarding to Religion Function before and After Islamic Revolution in Iran","authors":"Hamid Sarmadi","doi":"10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000539","url":null,"abstract":"Religious intellectual in Iran is dynamic process that has been began within one hundred years ego and those intellectuals that don’t enough traditional reads reasons to resolve theoretical issues and try to rely on modern science adapt religion presence in modern world.As far as effect to this process has been three elements: theoretical questions of term, scientific problems, and knowledge and people age cognizance. Words like that revival, reform and pluralism, hermeneutic andis western received concepts that Iranian intellectuals sue adaptation with doctrines of traditional religion. Generally religious intellectual in Iran pass from three periods: A. Before constitutional age. B. Age 1941-1960 that strong point is coup. C. Divide in two period: number one is Islamic revolution intellectuals and secondary after revolution intellectuals this periods including are sequence of three general readings: ideologicallyscientifically-epistemologically. Before Islamic revolution religious intellectuals have outlook of external about religion and regarding concepts of absolutism, idealism, religion presence in public and privacy domain and sue consistency of religion and politics and putative this agent in eradicate of oppression. Whereas postrevolution religion intellectuals sue ponder in modernism concepts and express self imagination in concepts of justice and freedom compatible this base and have outlook of impressionistic between religion, age and position and those subjects. Abdolkarim Soroush believe rely to intra-religion resources is not enough, instead regarding to discuss and rationality and endeavours indicates religious sensitive in adaptation of pluralistic and democratic properties.","PeriodicalId":228128,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124366262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sewage Work and Occupational Health Hazards: An Anthropological Insight","authors":"A. Jaiswal","doi":"10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/AAOA.2018.02.000538","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational health has gradually developed from a mono-disciplinary, riskoriented activity to a multi-disciplinary and comprehensive approach that considers an individual’s physical, mental and social well-being, general health and personal development. The present article aimed at highlighting the anthropological insight on the occupational health hazards among the Sewage works of India. Nodoubt Occupational health aimed at the protection and promotion of the health of workers by preventing and controlling occupational diseases and accidents and by eliminating occupational factors and conditions hazardous to health and safety at work but still apart from the social atrocities, these sewage workers are also exposed to many occupational health hazards like exposure to harmful gases, drowning, musculo skeletal disorders, infections, skin problems, respiratory system problem and cardiovascular degeneration. Present article also discuss about management of toxic Gases that came from sewages and have direct effect on the health of the sewage workers like Hydrogen sulfide, Carbon Monoxide (CO) Gas, Ammonia Gas, Carbon Dioxide, Methane Gas and also represent the important safety measures and safety guide for men working in sewers like Safety is first, statutory provisions for safety, safety equipment, breathing apparatus, air house respirator, portable lighting equipment, non sparking Tools, portable air blowers, safety belt, inhalators, and diver’s suit along with this article also tries to explain about selection of sewer workers, Training and Prerequisite","PeriodicalId":228128,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121863260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}