CIRIEC Working papers最新文献

{"title":"How Social Enterprises Contribute to Alternative Food Systems","authors":"A. Costantini, G. Pastorelli, Alessia Sebillo","doi":"10.25518/ciriec.wp201914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.wp201914","url":null,"abstract":"The dominant trend is an increasing separation between the land and the food products, as well as the extension of the food chain: the increasing distance between places of production and places of consumption breaks the links with nature and culture. Social economy enterprises are able to develop innovative solutions that increase productivity while delivering better services in social, health, and education services. Their contribution to economic development and well-being has been confirmed by the recent economic crisis, which has highlighted the resilience of social economy and social enterprises as well as their capacity to generate new employment and preserve existing jobs. What does it mean for a social economy enterprise to take food into account? The paper contributes to this branch of studies with the aim of understanding how social enterprises are able to generate alternative food systems to promote food sovereignty and sustainability. Firstly, a review of the relevant literature is presented, with the aim of showing an overview of the relationship between social economy enterprises and sustainable development with a specific focus on sustainable food. Following this, after a description of the methodology employed, the experiences of a number of social enterprises of food sector among Europe that have implemented innovative projects involving sustainability and counteracting the desertification of rural areas, women’s employment, migrant integration, decent job conditions and work integration. This leads to a discussion of the results, the interpretation of the new roles of social enterprises, and the identification of the main implications. The main thing that links all these cases is five key elements, which are present in all the experiences we analysed: inclusion, equity, respect, responsibility and opportunity. These elements can be seen as keywords and important aspects for a transition towards more sustainable food systems through social economy enterprises.","PeriodicalId":228038,"journal":{"name":"CIRIEC Working papers","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133808800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La gouvernance des entreprises publiques en situation de monopole","authors":"Pierre Bauby","doi":"10.25518/ciriec.wp202007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.wp202007","url":null,"abstract":"Cette publication vise à traiter des enjeux spécifiques concernant la gouvernance des entreprises publiques opérant dans des situations de monopole, en particulier les liens entre régulation, évaluation, contrôle et modernisation de ces entreprises. L'étude de la littérature révèle de nombreuses études sur ces sujets, mais très peu consacrées aux entreprises publiques. Le document traite en particulier des asymétries d'information et d'expertise entre les pouvoirs publics et les entreprises publiques ; le rôle stratégique de l'État dans le contexte de l'Union européenne, les droits et devoirs des autorités publiques ; comment minimiser les asymétries d'information entre les situations de monopole et les pouvoirs publics ; quel type d'organismes de régulation peut être mis en place ; comment mettre en œuvre l'évaluation à la fois de la régulation et de l'efficacité économique et sociale de chaque entreprise publique ; pourquoi et comment impliquer la participation des parties prenantes.","PeriodicalId":228038,"journal":{"name":"CIRIEC Working papers","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131847224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le recouvrement des coûts","authors":"Tahar Tolba, Aurore Moroncini, Y. Kehila","doi":"10.25518/ciriec.wp202003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.wp202003","url":null,"abstract":"Conscient des enjeux environnementaux du développement durable, l’État Algérien a adopté, depuis le début des années 2000, plusieurs stratégies visant la préservation de l’environnement, notamment en matière de gestion des déchets solides. Ces derniers sont en effet, un des principaux enjeux environnementaux auxquels doivent faire face au quotidien les collectivités locales. Leur gestion s’inscrit dans le cadre du Plan National d’Actions Environnementales et du Développement Durable (PNAE-DD) à travers l’adoption, en 2002, du Programme National de Gestion Intégrée des Déchets Ménagers et Assimilés (PROGDEM). Les déchets ménagers et assimilés (DMA) sont en constante augmentation aussi bien en termes absolus que par habitant. En 2018, la production des DMA a atteint environ 13 millions de tonnes. Ils représentent la fraction la plus importante des déchets produits, toutes catégories confondues (inertes, industriels, …). Il est du ressort des collectivités locales de s’assurer que leur collecte est totale sur l’ensemble de leur territoire. Il leur revient également de trouver en parallèle, des modes de traitement les plus appropriés : enfouissement, valorisation, recyclage, etc. Selon une étude réalisée par la Banque mondiale dans le cadre du Mediterranean Environmental Technical Assistance Program (METAP), une bonne gestion des déchets ménagers est estimée à 4 000 DZD/tonne (MATE, 2004). Cette évaluation est extrêmement élevée au regard du pouvoir d’achat des ménages. La taxe d’enlèvement d’ordures ménagères (TEOM) par ménage, fixée par la loi de finance 2015, se situe entre 1 000 et 1 500 DZD/an. Cependant, les ménages ne participent, au travers de cette taxe, que de manière très faible au coût réel, dans la mesure où le montant réellement collecté de la TEOM ne s’élève qu’à 15 % de ce qui devrait être perçu (MEER, 2018c). Il y a donc nécessité, d’adopter une véritable politique de recouvrement des coûts pour garantir une gestion durable des déchets ménagers et assimilés (DMA). Dans cette contribution, il s’agit de mettre en exergue, la situation de la gestion des déchets ménagers en Algérie et les modes de financement du service à travers, une analyse du contexte socio-économique ainsi que des recettes communales et des coûts de gestion des DMA.","PeriodicalId":228038,"journal":{"name":"CIRIEC Working papers","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115557620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Italian cooperatives","authors":"C. Borzaga, Manlio Calzaroni, C. Carini, Massimo Lori","doi":"10.25518/ciriec.wp201906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.wp201906","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers and policymakers have identified the need to accurately and quantitatively evaluate cooperatives and their economic, social and employment effects, as well as their evolution over time, in a way that is as reliable as possible and not subject to interpretation. This need was also manifested in the adoption by the 20th International Conference of Labour Statisticians of the Guidelines Concerning Statistics of Cooperatives, which aim to facilitate the development of a set of statistics on cooperatives that can be compared at the international level. This study provides informative insights and analyses based on a unified statistical representation of the structure, economic performance and profiles of cooperatives—including cooperative groups— within the Italian economy. Through the integration of several official statistical data sources released by the Italian National Institute of Statistics with the Cooperative Register managed by the Ministry of Economic Development, on the one hand, the paper highlights the peculiarities of cooperatives compared to other companies; on the other hand, it analyses in depth the composition of the cooperative sector with respect to both economic and structural variables.","PeriodicalId":228038,"journal":{"name":"CIRIEC Working papers","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114166696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creación de un nuevo bien común para las cooperativas agrícolas","authors":"Cynthia Giagnocavo, Daniel Hernández Cáceres","doi":"10.25518/ciriec.wp201920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.wp201920","url":null,"abstract":"La utilización de Big Data y de las TICs a gran escala en la agricultura es considerada como una solución para hacer frente al cambio climático, la degradación del medio ambiente, las limitaciones del suelo y del agua, la necesidad de optimizar los recursos, reducir los costes y aumentar la trazabilidad y la seguridad alimentaria, entre otros argumentos convincentes. Sin embargo, también ha dado lugar a desequilibrios de poder, barreras a la inversión, un acceso reducido al conocimiento y una menor capacidad de los agricultores y las PYMES para controlar sus actividades relacionadas con la agricultura y beneficiarse de ellas. En este documento se examinan las cuestiones jurídicas, de gobernanza, institucionales y económicas que pueden surgir en el desarrollo de una cooperativa de datos u otras estructuras equitativas de intercambio de datos, teniendo en cuenta las fuentes de datos públicas y privadas, y las múltiples partes interesadas. Se presenta una muestra de ejemplos exitosos de intercambio de datos, incluyendo cooperativas, y un caso de prueba para las cooperativas de Almería, España. Esta investigación se inscribe en el contexto del proyecto EU H2020 Internet of Food and Farm (IoF2020) y el desarrollo de modelos de negocio innovadores para compartir datos. En lugar de recurrir a los acuerdos clásicos de contratación para compartir datos, como los propuestos por el Copa-Cogeca entre otros, se propone que se utilice un enfoque de “data commons”, de acuerdo con la teoría de los Sistemas Socio-Ecológicos de Elinor Ostrom, para conseguir una solución cooperativa a este complejo desafío. Al elegir un enfoque cooperativo, los beneficios para los agricultores pueden ir más allá de la “monetización” de los datos y contribuir a salvaguardar el medioambiente.","PeriodicalId":228038,"journal":{"name":"CIRIEC Working papers","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127665224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social and Solidarity Economy perimeter and measurement in France","authors":"E. Bidet, Nadine Richez-Battesti","doi":"10.25518/ciriec.wp202104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.wp202104","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last two decades, the measurement of the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) has raised a growing interest from diverse actors at national and international levels. This interest produced diversified methodologies and frames of reference that are not always clearly identified, nor questioned by those who use them, and that convey sometimes implicit standards. The aim of this working paper is to stress the idea that data should be co-produced and carefully explained in order to be well understood and useful. It first looks at the necessary debate that must accompany the production of figures, then compares the answers provided and the questions raised by the measurement of the SSE at the French national level, and finally concludes by examining the complexity that characterises this issue at the international level due to the diversity of national contexts.","PeriodicalId":228038,"journal":{"name":"CIRIEC Working papers","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123348773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Public Private Partnerships of the Social and Solidarity Economy in Brazil","authors":"Daniel Francisco Nagao Menezes, Leandro Pereira Morais","doi":"10.25518/ciriec.wp202106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.wp202106","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to analyze the tender exemption for selective waste collection by associations and cooperatives formed by low-income people with a view to contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which was proclaimed in the 2030 Agenda. As a result, it was discovered that 13 of the 17 SDGs advocated in the 2030 Agenda can be positively affected by the exemption from bidding, especially because they will foster collective organizations, generating reflections on the lives of low-income people who may be involved in those activities. In addition, it was observed that the implementation of this local sustainable development policy creates challenges such as: the interests of local and regional elites, the absence of a balanced environmental development policy and the inability of environmental management, as well as social and economic problems in the institutionalization cycle of these cooperatives and workers associations.","PeriodicalId":228038,"journal":{"name":"CIRIEC Working papers","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116976955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}