The Open Materials Science Journal最新文献

{"title":"A Scaling Model for Predicting the Gas-Channel Formation Period in Crater-Like Electrospinning of Nanofibers","authors":"Jian Liu, Lei Zhang, Liangshuai Wei, Dong-Wei Huang, Yong Liu","doi":"10.2174/1874088X01408010114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874088X01408010114","url":null,"abstract":"Crater-like electrospinning is a novel and cost-effective method for the mass scale production of nanofibers. The gas channel in the polymer solution plays a key role to produce a bubble Taylor cone or a crater-like Taylor cone, which is the key to eject the thin fluid jets (finally solidified into nanofibers) in electrospinning process. However, the formation mechanism of gas channel of crater-like Taylor cone is still unclear, which hinders further development of this process. In this work, a simple and effective scaling model was firstly established to predict the period of the gas-channel formation in the polymer solution during electrospinning process. Our theoretical analysis showed that the gas-channel formation period was mainly determined by the input air pressure during the process. The relationship between the formation period and the input air pressure followed a scaling law. In order to verify the model, crater-like electrospinning process was carried out and a high-speed digital camera was employed to observe the gas channel. The experimental results agree well with the scaling model, which indicates that the proposed system is feasible. The scaling model could be useful in helping us to understand the process.","PeriodicalId":22791,"journal":{"name":"The Open Materials Science Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"114-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73627178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Characterization of Sheet Moulding Composites for the Automotive Industry","authors":"G. Lamanna, Angelo Ceparano","doi":"10.2174/1874088X01408010108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874088X01408010108","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical properties of Sheet Moulding Composite (SMC) have been analyzed by means of static and fatigue tests in tension. SMCs show a substantial in-plane anisotropy either in terms of stiffness or strength. Fatigue data were modeled adopting a fatigue model with two parameters, represented by the cyclic number and the mean stress. The statistical implementation of such model was based on the hypothesis that the monotonic tensile strength follows a two- parameter Weibull distribution. The model has the potential to be predictive indicating that the fatigue characterization of a given laminate can be achieved with a minimum number of experimental tests. The reliability of such procedure and its applicability limits are discussed in the light of the model parameters obtained for different glass fiber reinforced composites.","PeriodicalId":22791,"journal":{"name":"The Open Materials Science Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"108-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79936816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process and Structure of Electromagnetic Shielding Plywood Composite Laminated with Carbon Fiber Paper","authors":"Q. Yuan, Keyang Lu, F. Fu","doi":"10.2174/1874088X01408010099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874088X01408010099","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon fiber paper (CFP), a type of flexible planer electromagnetic shielding material with thin thickness, low density, and good adhesion property and permeability, was laminated with wood veneer to produce a plywood composite with good shielding effectiveness (SE). It was found that a hot-press pressure of 1.2 MPa and a double-sized adhesive concentration of 380 g/m 2 were most appropriate for the production of CFP plywood composites. SE of plywood composite laminated with single layer CFP was better than that before hot pressed, which result from the formation of three-dimensional and smaller conductive carbon fiber circuitries. The space between two-layer CFPs and the thickness of the surface-layer veneer had significant influence on SE. The SE of the composites laminated with two-layer CFPs was significantly higher than those with one-layer CFPs. The SE in the frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 GHz reached above 30 dB depending on the space between two-layer CFPs and the thickness of the surface veneer, which was sufficient SE for commercialization and the use of plywood composites.","PeriodicalId":22791,"journal":{"name":"The Open Materials Science Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"99-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86217279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Updated Review of the Fatigue Behavior of Components Coated with Thin Hard Corrosion-Resistant Coatings","authors":"S. Baragetti, Francesco Villa","doi":"10.2174/1874088x01408010087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874088x01408010087","url":null,"abstract":"In the present manuscript, an extended review on the state of the art on the experimental and numerical characterization of the fatigue behavior of Physically Vapor Deposited (PVD) and Chemically Vapor Deposited (CVD) thin hard coatings is presented. The current application and development fields of PVD and CVD treatments are analysed, focusing on the advantages granted by the adoption of these coatings for corrosion protection on various materials and components. The most recent experimental research results related to the fatigue behavior of PVD and CVD coated specimens are reported. Fatigue strength values are presented for various coating processes on different substrates, including hard steel as well as aluminium and titanium light alloys. Corrosion fatigue effects on coated specimens are presented where available, in order to evaluate the coating effectiveness in aggressive environments. An overview on the current state of development of theoretical and numerical models for the characterization of coated components and for the maximum number of cycles to failure is proposed to the reader.","PeriodicalId":22791,"journal":{"name":"The Open Materials Science Journal","volume":"30 1 1","pages":"87-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83543375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition Effect of Copper Complex of 1-(8-Hydroxy Quinolin-2-yl- Methyl) Thiourea on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Sodium Chloride Solution","authors":"A. Syed, Nasser Abdul, S. Rajendran","doi":"10.2174/1874088X01408010071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874088X01408010071","url":null,"abstract":"The Corrosion inhibition of an inhibitor namely Copper complex of 1-(8-hydroxy quinolin-2-yl-methyl) thiourea (Cu-HTF) which controls the corrosion of mild steel immersed in an aqueous solution containing 60 ppm Cl - has been investigated through electrochemical and mass loss method. The formulation consisting of 60 ppm of Cl - and 50 ppm of Cu-HTF offers good inhibition efficiency of 78 %. Polarization study shows that this formulation acts as a cathodic inhibitor.AC impedance spectra indicate that a protective film is formed on the mild steel surface. Fluorescence spectral analysis was used to detect the presence of iron-inhibitor complex. The surface morphology has been analyzed by FTIR, UV-Visible spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and EDAX. Cu-HTF has the ability to prevent the growth of certain microorganisms such as E. coli, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas and Enterobacter.","PeriodicalId":22791,"journal":{"name":"The Open Materials Science Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"71-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89283896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Layer-by-Layer Structured Membranes of Silk Fibroin and Polyethylenimine on Electrospun Silk Fibroin Nanofibers","authors":"Zhou Weitao, Hu Haitao, D. Shan, Huo Yingdong, He Jianxin, Cui JianxinShizhong","doi":"10.2174/1874088X01408010081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874088X01408010081","url":null,"abstract":"Self-assembled silk fibroin (SF)-polyethylenimine (PEI) multilayered films were fabricated on ethanol treated electrospun SF nanofibrous substrates via the electrostatic layer-by-layer (LBL) adsorption. The film coated membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectrophotometer (XPS). The SEM images showed that the multilayers of SF-PEI were formed on the surface of the ethanol treated SF nanofibres. The characteristics such as the fiber shape and porous structure were well maintained as the number of the coated SF-PEI bilayers was less than five. However, obvious adhesive substances and blocked pores were observed on the surface of the fibers as the number of bilayers of SF-PEI increased to six. Furthermore, the obvious core-shell structures were observed by TEM. The thickness of five SF-PEI bilayers was approximately 80nm. Additionally, the XPS results also revealed that the SF-PEI multilayer composite membranes formed. The adsorption mainly depended on a simple electrostatic interaction between the layers of SF and PEI. These SF-PEI multilayer assembled nanofibrous membranes could be a promising material for use as a sensor, gene delivery agent and scaffolds.","PeriodicalId":22791,"journal":{"name":"The Open Materials Science Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"81-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81164196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytic hierarchy process application for the selection of a metal matrix composite","authors":"Baragetti Sergio","doi":"10.2174/1874088X01408010063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874088X01408010063","url":null,"abstract":"The multi-attribute decision-making methods allow to solve arbitrary problems governed by several parameters. In this paper, the choice of a composite material was analyzed, by considering the availability from four companies. The multi-attribute decision Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) procedure was used to select the best levels for different attributes, both parametric and non-parametric, and to select the best company.","PeriodicalId":22791,"journal":{"name":"The Open Materials Science Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"63-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91377498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and Simulation of the Single Grain Grinding Process of the Nano-Particle Jet Flow of Minimal Quantity Lubrication","authors":"Sheng Wang, Changhe Li, Xiaowei Zhang, Dongzhou Jia, Dong-wei Zhang, Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.2174/1874088X01408010055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874088X01408010055","url":null,"abstract":"Along with strengthening of people's environmental protection awareness, the MQL technology has been used in grinding, but its limited cooling effect cannot satisfy the requirement of heat transfer enhancement in the grinding area. The new technology of nano-particle jet flow of MQL can effectively solve the heat transfer in the grinding zone and enhance the lubrication characteristics as well. This paper studies mainly the grinding process of the single grain under the condition of the nano-particle jet flow of MQL by establishing the kinematics model, elastic deformation model and plastic accumulation model of the single grain and simulating the value of the surface topography of the single-grain grinding workpiece with quenching 45# as the research subject. The results show that the grinding depth will exert a certain influence over the material deformation on the surface of the workpiece, the pile height and the length of the grinding crack. The yielding amount of the grain center δc and the elastic recovery amount of the materials on the surface of the workpiece δw increases with the grinding depth. The height of the material accumulation increases with the grinding depth. Furthermore, the change amplitude is large and the change gradient decreases correspondingly. The length of the grinding crack increases with the grinding depth, and the grinding depth and the height of the material accumulation have an approximate linear relationship.","PeriodicalId":22791,"journal":{"name":"The Open Materials Science Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74792962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Catalytic Activity of Metal-Containing Catalysts of Different Nature in the Liquid-Phase Aerobic Oxidation of Ethylbenzene","authors":"V. Abbasov, E. Zeynalov, N. Abdullayeva","doi":"10.2174/1874088X01408010027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874088X01408010027","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes an impact of metal-containing compounds - carbon nanofiber of platelet type, ferrocene and naphthenate Co on the aerobic oxidation of ethylbenzene. It has been established that all types of the added compounds reveal significant catalytic activity in the oxidation of ethylbenzene and may be ordered as: ferrocene > naphthenate Co ≥ carbon nanofiber. The authors guess that the results obtained are helpful to design new catalytic oxidation process profile of diesel fraction rich by aromatics.","PeriodicalId":22791,"journal":{"name":"The Open Materials Science Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"27-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89295738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Developments on the Use of Polymers as Corrosion Inhibitors - A Review","authors":"S. Umoren, Moses M Solomon","doi":"10.2174/1874088X01408010039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874088X01408010039","url":null,"abstract":"The use of corrosion inhibitors is the one the most economical and practical means of controlling metallic corrosion in different corrosive media. Interest on the use of eco-friendly organic compounds as corrosion inhibitors has extended to the use of polymers to inhibit metallic corrosion. The use of polymers as corrosion inhibitors has attracted attention and has gained wide acceptance in recent times. This has been attributed to a number of factors namely: (i) they are low cost and stable to metallic materials in acid media, (ii) they possess multiple adsorption sites, (iii) through their functional groups, they form complexes with metal ions and on the metal surface these complexes occupy a large area, thereby blanketing the surface and protecting the metal from corrosive agents present in the solution. A number of synthetic and natural polymers as metallic corrosion inhibitors have been investigated and reported. As an update to previous review work on the use of polymers as corrosion inhibitors, the present review presents most of the contributions made to the literature on the use of polymers as corrosion inhibitors of diverse metals in different corrosive media in the last four (2010-2013) years. Metals have continued to be a choice raw material in areas such as structural, fabrication, electrical and electrochemical, hot-dip galvanizing, etc. This usage stem from the many interesting properties of metals which include: high melting and boiling points; characteristic lustre; malleability; ductility; hardness with great tensile strength; relatively high densities; and good conductivity. Unfortunately, these properties deteriorate when metals interact with certain elements that recur within their environments; a process which is technically called corrosion. The rate and extent to which metal corrode depend on two broad factors: the nature of the metal and the nature of the corroding environment. The nature of the metal encompasses the position of the metal in galvanic series (metals in the active zone of the galvanic series corrode faster than those in the noble zone), overvoltage (reduction in overvoltage of the corroding metal promotes corrosion process), relative areas of anodic and cathodic parts (when two dissimilar metals are in contact, the corrosion of the anodic part varies as the ratio of the area of cathodic part), purity of metal (impurities present in a metal give rise to heterogeneous state which form minute electrochemical cell and as a consequence, corrosion of the anodic part is accelerated), physical state of the metal (grain size, stress orientation of crystals, etc. affect corrosion rate), nature of surface film (the specific volume ratio which is the ratio of","PeriodicalId":22791,"journal":{"name":"The Open Materials Science Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"39-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90323755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}