European Atherosclerosis Journal最新文献_第4页

Metabolic impact of extrahepatic PCSK9 modulation: Extrahepatic PCSK9 modulation 肝外PCSK9调节的代谢影响:肝外PCSK9调节

European Atherosclerosis Journal Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.56095/eaj.v1i2.13

L. Da Dalt, F. Bonacina

引用次数: 0

Lipid-lowering for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in the new era: A practical approach to combination therapy: Lipid-lowering and combination therapy 新时期降脂预防心血管疾病:联合治疗的实用途径:降脂与联合治疗

European Atherosclerosis Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.56095/eaj.v1i1.9

E. Michos, K. Ferdinand

{"title":"Lipid-lowering for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in the new era: A practical approach to combination therapy: Lipid-lowering and combination therapy","authors":"E. Michos, K. Ferdinand","doi":"10.56095/eaj.v1i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56095/eaj.v1i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is the main etiologic factor for the development and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and LDL-C reduction is a central tenet of ASCVD treatment and prevention. Moreover, ASCVD risk reduction is proportional to the magnitude of LDL-C lowering. Recent European guidelines have recommended a goal of <55 mg/dL (<1.4 mmol/L) for patients at very-high cardiovascular risk, while the U.S. guideline considers an LDL-C ≥70 mg/dL (≤1.8 mmol/L) as a threshold to intensify therapy with the addition of a non-statin therapy to statins. To reach these lower LDL-C goals of <55 mg/dL or <70 mg/dL, combination therapy is necessary in the majority of these patients. Drug combinations, and in particular single-pill combinations, may substantially increase adherence to therapy. Adherence is essential for achieving a clinical benefit and, as many patients discontinue medications, the long-term adherence to lipid-lowering therapy represents a major issue in ASCVD prevention. Secondary prevention or high-risk primary prevention patients, such as those with familial hypercholesterolemia in whom maximally-tolerated statin doses alone would not be anticipated to sufficiently lower LDL-C, would benefit from combination therapy. In current clinical practice, statins with ezetimibe, statins plus PCSK9 inhibitors (with or without ezetimibe), and, most recently statins or ezetimibe with bempedoic acid are the most commonly used combination therapies for LDL-C-lowering. This review outlines the importance of using combination therapy for the achievement of LDL-C treatment","PeriodicalId":227903,"journal":{"name":"European Atherosclerosis Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132049847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Combination therapy in the guidelines: from high-intensity statins to high-intensity lipid-lowering therapies: Combination therapy in the guideline 指南中的联合治疗:从高强度他汀类药物到高强度降脂治疗:指南中的联合治疗

European Atherosclerosis Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.56095/eaj.v1i1.10

L. Masana, D. Ibarretxe, N. Andreychuk, M. Royuela, C. Rodríguez-Borjabad, N. Plana

{"title":"Combination therapy in the guidelines: from high-intensity statins to high-intensity lipid-lowering therapies: Combination therapy in the guideline","authors":"L. Masana, D. Ibarretxe, N. Andreychuk, M. Royuela, C. Rodríguez-Borjabad, N. Plana","doi":"10.56095/eaj.v1i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56095/eaj.v1i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The causal role of cholesterol in atherosclerosis was established more than 100 years ago. Along with the fact that the higher the cholesterol, the greater the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), many randomized controlled trials (RCT) have shown that lowering LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) is associated with a lower incidence of ASCVD. This impact of lipid-lowering therapies on cardiovascular risk is independent of the drug used, as shown by several meta-analyses and Mendelian randomization studies. Therefore, the concept of using “high-intensity statins” should be changed to “high-intensity lipid-lowering therapies” that go beyond the use of statins. Recent RCTs using non-statin lipid-lowering therapies has provided scientific evidence that the lower the LDL-C, the better in terms of cardiovascular events. Based on these observations, current guidelines recommend achieving very low LDL-C levels in patients with high and very-high cardiovascular risk. To achieve these demanding goals, the physician must use the full spectrum of lipid-lowering therapies, beyond high-intensity, high-dose statins. Oral combination therapies and, when necessary, subcutaneous treatments become the new standard of care for hypercholesterolemia. However, the number of patients achieving LDL-C goals is unacceptably low. This is due in part to insufficient prescription and insufficient treatment. To improve the efficacy of therapy, several strategies have been proposed, step by step, planning therapy and maximizing treatment, based on the needs of the patient. A wider use of lipid-lowering","PeriodicalId":227903,"journal":{"name":"European Atherosclerosis Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125899224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Cholesterol-lowering drugs: Focus on Ezetimibe: Cholesterol-lowering drugs: Focus on ezetimibe 降胆固醇药物:关注依折麦比降胆固醇药物:关注依折麦比

European Atherosclerosis Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.56095/eaj.v1i1.8

H. Bays

{"title":"Cholesterol-lowering drugs: Focus on Ezetimibe: Cholesterol-lowering drugs: Focus on ezetimibe","authors":"H. Bays","doi":"10.56095/eaj.v1i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56095/eaj.v1i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Ezetimibe is an intestinal cholesterol/sterol inhibitor. It is generally well-tolerated, and except for coadministration with cyclosporin (which increases concentration of both ezetimibe and cyclosporin), has limited drug interactions. Clinical trial data suggests that ezetimibe 10 mg orally once a day reduces low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels about 15-25% as monotherapy or when added to statins, depending on the patient and individual clinical trial. Ezetimibe also reduces lipoprotein remnants. Due to its additive effects to statins, international lipid guidelines recommend ezetimibe as an option for patients who do not achieve LDL-C treatment goals with statins alone. The Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) trial demonstrated that when added to statin therapy, ezetimibe incrementally lowered LDL-C levels and modestly improved cardiovascular outcomes. Ezetimibe is formulated as monotherapy, or as a fixed-dose combination with statins or bempedoic acid. Finally, ezetimibe is the only pharmacotherapy approved for treatment of beta-sitosterolemia, which is a rare autsomal recessive disorder resulting in enhanced intestinal cholesterol absorption, increased circulating sterols, and tendinous and cutaneous xanthomas, arthritis or arthralgia, and premature cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":227903,"journal":{"name":"European Atherosclerosis Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116031100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The pharmacology of cholesterol-lowering drugs: The pharmacology of cholesterol-lowering drugs 降胆固醇药物的药理学降胆固醇药物的药理学

European Atherosclerosis Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.56095/eaj.v1i1.7

C. Ballantyne, A. Catapano

引用次数: 0

Welcome to European Atherosclerosis Journal, a new Open Access Journal: European Atherosclerosis Journal, a new Open Access Journal 欢迎来到欧洲动脉粥样硬化杂志，一个新的开放获取期刊:欧洲动脉粥样硬化杂志，一个新的开放获取期刊

European Atherosclerosis Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.56095/eaj.v1i1.6

A. Corsini

引用次数: 0