The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging最新文献_第10页

Diabetes and nutrition: the mitochondrial part. 糖尿病和营养:线粒体部分。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2001-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/JN/131.2.344S

C. Berdanier

{"title":"Diabetes and nutrition: the mitochondrial part.","authors":"C. Berdanier","doi":"10.1093/JN/131.2.344S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/131.2.344S","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is the most common genetic disease in the Western world today. It is the phenotype for >150 genotypes. Each of these genotypes is characterized by impaired glucose tolerance and impaired control of intermediary metabolism. There are many strains of mice and rats that can be used to study diabetes in its various forms. One of these is the BHE/Cdb rat, which mimics the human phenotype with a mutation in the mitochondrial (mt) DNA. The result of such mutation is a loss in metabolic control with respect to the role of the mitochondria in this control. This review addresses those aspects of control that are exerted by mt oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Diet can have both genomic and nongenomic effects on OXPHOS. The type of dietary fat influences the fluidity of the mt membranes and hence, mt function. The dietary fat effect depends on the genetic background of the consumer. Diabetes-prone BHE/Cdb rats with base substitutions in the mt ATPase 6 gene are more likely to be influenced by the diet effect on mt membrane fluidity than are normal rats. Vitamin A also affects mt function through an effect on mt gene expression. BHE/Cdb rats have a greater need for vitamin A than normal rats and supplemental vitamin A appears to influence OXPHOS.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"37 1","pages":"344S-53S"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85936143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Guinea pigs as models for cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism. 豚鼠作为胆固醇和脂蛋白代谢模型。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-285-4_23

Maria Luz Fernandez

引用次数: 127

Pathophysiology of obesity. 肥胖的病理生理学。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 1996-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/0895-7061(96)82124-8

J. Hirsch

引用次数: 2

Central neuroanatomical systems involved in the regulation of food intake in birds and mammals. 与鸟类和哺乳动物食物摄取调节有关的中枢神经解剖系统。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 1994-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/JN/124.SUPPL_8.1355S

W. Kuenzel

{"title":"Central neuroanatomical systems involved in the regulation of food intake in birds and mammals.","authors":"W. Kuenzel","doi":"10.1093/JN/124.SUPPL_8.1355S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/124.SUPPL_8.1355S","url":null,"abstract":"The neural regulation of food intake seems to be quite similar in birds and mammals. The ventromedial hypothalamic syndrome produced by lesions within the mediobasal hypothalamus of both birds and mammals is composed of several independent physiological and behavioral changes. Other neural sites known to be important in mammals for regulating food intake need to be examined in birds including the paraventricular nucleus, nucleus tractus solitarius and parabrachial nucleus. Members of the opioid and pancreatic polypeptide families are effective in stimulating food intake in avian species. Both prolactin and growth hormone are also efficacious in stimulating food intake. In contrast, cholecystokinin inhibits food intake when administered intracerebroventricularly. The autonomic and endocrine hypothesis developed to explain obesity in mammals appears to be quite applicable to genetic strains of commercial birds selected for meat production. Specifically the commercial broiler appears to display an imbalance of the autonomic nervous system. The parasympathetic nervous system dominates as a consequence of intense genetic selection for growth rate.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"163 1","pages":"1355S-1370S"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73249497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 102

The neonatal piglet as a model for human neonatal carnitine metabolism. 新生儿仔猪作为人类新生儿肉毒碱代谢的模型。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 1987-04-01 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-198801000-00034

J. Baltzell, F. Bazer, S. G. Miguel, P. Borum

{"title":"The neonatal piglet as a model for human neonatal carnitine metabolism.","authors":"J. Baltzell, F. Bazer, S. G. Miguel, P. Borum","doi":"10.1097/00005176-198801000-00034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005176-198801000-00034","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations concerning carnitine metabolism and possible requirements for exogenous carnitine in human preterm neonates are limited by ethical considerations. The neonatal piglet is a potential animal model for these investigations. Tissue carnitine concentrations were determined in fetuses from cross-bred domestic gilts at stages of gestation corresponding to those of neonates found in neonatal intensive care units. Fetal piglet plasma and red blood cell carnitine levels decreased from approximately 90 d to term. Skeletal muscle carnitine increased from 60 d to term. Temporal changes in fetal carnitine concentrations in plasma, red blood cells and skeletal muscle throughout gestation are similar to the pattern reported by our laboratory for the human neonate. Cardiac muscle carnitine increased earlier than skeletal muscle but also continued to increase to term. Carnitine concentrations in fetal liver, kidney and intestine were maximal at 90 d and decreased until term. Similarities in physiology, metabolism and profiles of tissue carnitine concentration between the newborn piglet and the human neonate indicate that the neonatal piglet is an appropriate animal model for investigations concerning neonatal carnitine metabolism.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"1 1","pages":"754-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77226864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

The effect of feeding soybean trypsin inhibitor and repeated injections of cholecystokinin on rat pancreas. 饲喂大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂和反复注射胆囊收缩素对大鼠胰腺的影响。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 1985-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/bf01092200

R. Temler, C. Dormond, E. Simon, B. Morel

引用次数: 17

Nitrogen balance studies in human pregnancy. 人类妊娠期氮平衡研究。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 1982-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006254-198206000-00009

F. Johnstone, D. Campbell, I. Macgillivray

引用次数: 4

An in vitro study of the effect of picolinic acid on metal translocation across lipid bilayers. 吡啶酸对脂质双分子层金属转运影响的体外研究。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 1981-09-01 DOI: 10.1042/CS061024P

P. Aggett, P. Fenwick, H. Kirk

引用次数: 19

Fatty acid synthesis in ruminating and nonruminating goats. 反刍山羊与非反刍山羊脂肪酸合成。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 1978-11-01 DOI: 10.31274/RTD-180813-2232

G. Liepa, D. Beitz, J. Linder

{"title":"Fatty acid synthesis in ruminating and nonruminating goats.","authors":"G. Liepa, D. Beitz, J. Linder","doi":"10.31274/RTD-180813-2232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31274/RTD-180813-2232","url":null,"abstract":"Fatty acid synthetic rates were determined in several tis sues of ruminating ( R ) and nonruminating ( NR ) goats. The R goats were fed goat milk for 1 month and then a hay and grain diet for the next 3 months. The NR goats were fed goat milk for 4 months. Rates of fatty acid synthesis from acetate and glucose were determined in perirenal adipose tissue, small intestine, brain, and liver. With either acetate or glucose as a precursor, rates of lipogenesis were greatest in perirenal adipose tissue and least in liver. When acetate was used as a precursor, no dietary effects were noted for any of the four major tissues except liver in which fatty acids were synthesized more readily in R goats than in NR goats. Fatty acid synthesis from glucose occurred more readily in perirenal adipose tissue of NR goats than of R goats, whereas small intestine had a greater synthesis rate in R goats. Synthesis rates in liver and brain were similar in both NR and R goats. When acetate was used as a precursor, 99% of total fatty acid synthesis occurred in adipose tissue from either R or NR goats. When glucose was precursor, 98% of the fatty acid synthesis occurred in adipose tissue of NR goats and 84% in adipose tissue of R goats. The lowest per centage of total fatty acid synthesis was in liver. Glucose stimulated acetate conversion to fatty acids in tissues of both R and NR goats; the stimulation was greatest in adipose tissue. Therefore, adipose tissue is the principal anatomical site of lipogenesis in either R or NR goats, and acetate is used as a precursor at much higher rates than is glucose. J. Nutr. 108: 1733-","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"213 1","pages":"1733-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89090349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Dietary fiber. 膳食纤维。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 1976-01-01 DOI: 10.1001/jama.263.16.2179b

S. N. Heller, L. R. Hackler

引用次数: 588