The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging最新文献_第10页

Weight loss in obese dogs: evaluation of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet. 肥胖狗的体重减轻:高蛋白、低碳水化合物饮食的评估。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/jn/132.6.1685S

M. Diez, P. Nguyen, I. Jeusette, Claire Devois, L. Istasse, V. Biourge

引用次数: 81

Aging does not influence feeding behavior in cats. 衰老并不影响猫的进食行为。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/jn/132.6.1735S

S. Peachey, S. Peachey, E. Harper

{"title":"Aging does not influence feeding behavior in cats.","authors":"S. Peachey, S. Peachey, E. Harper","doi":"10.1093/jn/132.6.1735S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/132.6.1735S","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this investigation was to see whether aging influences feeding behavior in cats. Two studies were carried out. In the first study, a standard canned cat food was fed to six young adult and six senior cats for 10 d on an ad libitum basis. Feeding behavior was monitored during the final 5 d. In the second study, diets enriched with beef tallow, olive oil or sunflower oil were fed at an equivalent energy intake for 21 d. Feeding behavior was monitored during the final 5 d. The results of both studies indicated no significant differences between the young and old cats in the number of meals consumed, the amount consumed at each meal or the duration of each meal when fed either ad libitum or at equivalent energy intakes. Daily feeding patterns were similar for each of the 5 d for each cat, with cats tending to consume regular small meals throughout the day and night. The only significant differences noted were among the fat-enriched diets. The diet enriched with beef tallow had fewer refusals compared to the diets enriched with olive oil and sunflower oil, indicating a possible palatability differential. It was concluded that cats of all ages are habitual feeders with similar daily feeding patterns, which may be altered only with a change in diet. Given that no differences were seen between the young and senior cats, it cannot be assumed that feeding patterns are responsible for the previously observed age-related decreases in apparent digestibility.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86164424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Vitamin C is associated with reduced risk of cataract in a Mediterranean population. 维生素C可以降低地中海人群患白内障的风险。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/JN/132.6.1299

M. P. Valero, A. Fletcher, B. D. De Stavola, J. Vioque, Vicente Chaqués Alepuz

{"title":"Vitamin C is associated with reduced risk of cataract in a Mediterranean population.","authors":"M. P. Valero, A. Fletcher, B. D. De Stavola, J. Vioque, Vicente Chaqués Alepuz","doi":"10.1093/JN/132.6.1299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/132.6.1299","url":null,"abstract":"Cataract is an important visual problem of older people and a substantial health care cost in many countries. Most studies investigating risk factors for cataract have been conducted in the United States, and there is less information on the possible role of dietary factors in European populations. We conducted a case-control study to investigate the association of antioxidant vitamins (vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin A, beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, zeaxanthin and lutein) and minerals (zinc and selenium) and risk of cataract in a Mediterranean population. Cases with cataract (343) and 334 age/sex frequency-matched controls aged 55 to 74 y were selected from an ophthalmic outreach clinic in Valencia, Spain. Participants were interviewed about their diet using a Food Frequency Questionnaire, and other information on potential confounders, such as smoking, alcohol, and education. Blood samples were analyzed by a colorimetric method for vitamin C and by reversed-phase HLPC for other blood antioxidants. Blood levels of vitamin C above 49 micromol/L were associated with a 64% reduced odds for cataract (P < 0.0001). Dietary intake of vitamins C, E and selenium were marginally associated with decreased odds (P = 0.09, P = 0.09, P = 0.07, respectively), whereas moderately high levels of blood lycopene (>0.30 micromol/L) were associated with a 46% increased odds of cataract (P = 0.04). Our results strengthen the evidence for a protective role for vitamin C on the aging lens as this effect was seen in a population characterized by high vitamin C intakes.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86515704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 116

Dietary sesame seed and its lignans inhibit 2,7,8-trimethyl- 2(2'-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman excretion into urine of rats fed gamma-tocopherol. 饲粮芝麻及其木脂素抑制γ -生育酚喂养大鼠尿液中2,7,8-三甲基- 2(2'-羧乙基)-6-羟色胺的排泄。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2002-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/JN/132.5.961

S. Ikeda, Tomoko Tohyama, K. Yamashita

{"title":"Dietary sesame seed and its lignans inhibit 2,7,8-trimethyl- 2(2'-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman excretion into urine of rats fed gamma-tocopherol.","authors":"S. Ikeda, Tomoko Tohyama, K. Yamashita","doi":"10.1093/JN/132.5.961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/132.5.961","url":null,"abstract":"We showed previously that dietary sesame seed and its lignans elevate the tocopherol concentration in rats. To clarify their effect on tocopherol metabolism, we determined in this study the urinary excretion of 2,7,8-trimethyl-2(2'-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman (gamma-CEHC), a gamma-tocopherol metabolite, in rats fed sesame seed or its lignans. Rats were fed diets with or without sesame seed for 28 d in Experiment 1, and for 1, 3 and 7 d in Experiment 2. On d 28, dietary sesame seed elevated (P < 0.05) gamma-tocopherol concentrations in liver, kidney, brain and serum, and decreased (P < 0.05) urinary excretion of gamma-CEHC. The excretion was completely inhibited by feeding sesame seed on d 1 and 3. In Experiment 3, the effects of dietary sesamin and sesaminol (major lignans in sesame seed) or ketoconazole (a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P(450) (CYP)3A on urinary excretion of gamma-CEHC in rats fed gamma-tocopherol were examined. The urinary gamma-CEHC in rats fed sesamin or sesaminol was markedly lower than in rats fed gamma-tocopherol alone (P < 0.05). Dietary ketoconazole also inhibited (P < 0.05) urinary excretion of gamma-CEHC, and elevated (P < 0.05) gamma-tocopherol concentrations in tissues and serum of rats fed gamma-tocopherol. These data suggest that sesame seed and its lignans elevate gamma-tocopherol concentration due to the inhibition of CYP3A-dependent metabolism of gamma-tocopherol.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78830628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 90

Hormonal effects of soy in premenopausal women and men. 大豆对绝经前男女荷尔蒙的影响。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2002-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/JN/132.3.570S

M. Kurzer

{"title":"Hormonal effects of soy in premenopausal women and men.","authors":"M. Kurzer","doi":"10.1093/JN/132.3.570S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/132.3.570S","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few years, there has been increasing interest in the possible hormonal effects of soy and soy isoflavone consumption in both women and men. Soy consumption has been suggested to exert potentially cancer-preventive effects in premenopausal women, such as increased menstrual cycle length and sex hormone-binding globulin levels and decreased estrogen levels. There has been some concern that consumption of phytoestrogens might exert adverse effects on men's fertility, such as lowered testosterone levels and semen quality. The studies in women have provided modest support for beneficial effects. One cross-sectional study showed serum estrogens to be inversely associated with soy intake. Seven soy intervention studies controlled for phase of menstrual cycle. These studies provided 32-200 mg/d of isoflavones and generally showed decreased midcycle plasma gonadotropins and trends toward increased menstrual cycle length and decreased blood concentrations of estradiol, progesterone and sex hormone-binding globulin. A few studies also showed decreased urinary estrogens and increased ratios of urinary 2-(OH) to 16alpha-(OH) and 2-(OH) to 4-(OH) estrogens. Soy and isoflavone consumption does not seem to affect the endometrium in premenopausal women, although there have been weak estrogenic effects reported in the breast. Thus, studies in women have mostly been consistent with beneficial effects, although the magnitude of the effects is quite small and of uncertain significance. Only three intervention studies reported hormonal effects of soy isoflavones in men. These recent studies in men consuming soyfoods or supplements containing 40--70 mg/d of soy isoflavones showed few effects on plasma hormones or semen quality. These data do not support concerns about effects on reproductive hormones and semen quality.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84792479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 147

Evaluating the impact of plant biofortification on human nutrition. 评估植物生物强化对人类营养的影响。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2002-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/JN/132.3.511S

J. King

引用次数: 48

Poly(A)(+) RNA encoding proteins capable of transporting L-methionine and/or DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid are present in the intestinal mucosa of broilers. 肉仔鸡肠黏膜中存在可运输l -蛋氨酸和/或dl -2-羟基-4-(甲基硫)丁酸的聚(A)(+) RNA编码蛋白。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2002-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/JN/132.3.382

Yuan-Xiang Pan, E. Wong, J. Dibner, M. Vázquez-Añón, K. Webb

{"title":"Poly(A)(+) RNA encoding proteins capable of transporting L-methionine and/or DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid are present in the intestinal mucosa of broilers.","authors":"Yuan-Xiang Pan, E. Wong, J. Dibner, M. Vázquez-Añón, K. Webb","doi":"10.1093/JN/132.3.382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/132.3.382","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the presence of poly(A)(+) RNA that encode proteins capable of transporting L-methionine (L-Met) and/or DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (HMB), Xenopus oocytes were injected with poly(A)(+) RNA isolated from broiler intestinal mucosa. Healthy oocytes at stage V or VI were collected from Xenopus laevis and microinjected with water, poly(A)(+) RNA or size-fractioned poly(A)(+) RNA. The ability of the injected oocytes to take up either L-Met or HMB was examined by incubating oocytes with [methyl-(3)H]-L-Met or [5-(14)C]-HMB. A greater uptake of L-Met (P < 0.01) and HMB (P < 0.05) by oocytes injected with poly(A)(+) RNA from the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of the small intestine was observed compared with water-injected oocytes. The greatest (P < 0.05) uptake occurred when poly(A)(+) RNA from the jejunum or ileum was injected. Injections from four different pools of sucrose gradient--fractionated poly(A)(+) RNA from all three intestinal segments induced (P < 0.01) L-Met uptake. There were three to four different pools of sucrose gradient--fractionated poly(A)(+) RNA from the duodenum, jejunum and ileum that induced (P < 0.05) HMB uptake. Uptake of HMB was greater at pH 5.5 than at pH 7.5 and was independent of Na(+). Uptake of L-Met induced by all four poly(A)(+) RNA pools decreased dramatically when Na(+) was removed from the uptake buffer, which indicated that the majority of L-Met uptake was Na(+)-dependent. These results indicate that there are multiple sized poly(A)(+) RNA that encode proteins capable of mediated transport of L-Met and/or HMB present in broiler intestinal mucosa.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87905848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Catechins from green tea (Camellia sinensis) inhibit bovine and human cartilage proteoglycan and type II collagen degradation in vitro. 绿茶中的儿茶素抑制牛和人软骨蛋白多糖和II型胶原的体外降解。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2002-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/JN/132.3.341

C. Adcocks, P. Collin, D. Buttle

{"title":"Catechins from green tea (Camellia sinensis) inhibit bovine and human cartilage proteoglycan and type II collagen degradation in vitro.","authors":"C. Adcocks, P. Collin, D. Buttle","doi":"10.1093/JN/132.3.341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/132.3.341","url":null,"abstract":"Polyphenolic compounds from green tea have been shown to reduce inflammation in a murine model of inflammatory arthritis, but no studies have been undertaken to investigate whether these compounds are protective to joint tissues. We therefore investigated the effects of catechins found in green tea on cartilage extracellular matrix components using in vitro model systems. Bovine nasal and metacarpophalangeal cartilage as well as human nondiseased, osteoarthritic and rheumatoid cartilage were cultured with and without reagents known to accelerate cartilage matrix breakdown. Individual catechins were added to the cultures and the amount of released proteoglycan and type II collagen was measured by metachromatic assay and inhibition ELISA, respectively. Possible nonspecific or toxic effects of the catechins were assessed by lactate output and proteoglycan synthesis. Catechins, particularly those containing a gallate ester, were effective at micromolar concentrations at inhibiting proteoglycan and type II collagen breakdown. No toxic effects of the catechins were evident. We conclude that some green tea catechins are chondroprotective and that consumption of green tea may be prophylactic for arthritis and may benefit the arthritis patient by reducing inflammation and slowing cartilage breakdown. Further studies will be required to determine whether these compounds access the joint space in sufficient concentration and in a form capable of providing efficacy in vivo.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85304686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 120

The relationship between riboflavin and plasma total homocysteine in the Framingham Offspring cohort is influenced by folate status and the C677T transition in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene. 在Framingham后代队列中，核黄素和血浆总同型半胱氨酸之间的关系受到叶酸状态和亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因C677T转换的影响。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2002-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/JN/132.2.283

P. Jacques, Renee D Kalmbach, P. Bagley, G. Russo, G. Rogers, P. Wilson, I. Rosenberg, J. Selhub

{"title":"The relationship between riboflavin and plasma total homocysteine in the Framingham Offspring cohort is influenced by folate status and the C677T transition in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene.","authors":"P. Jacques, Renee D Kalmbach, P. Bagley, G. Russo, G. Rogers, P. Wilson, I. Rosenberg, J. Selhub","doi":"10.1093/JN/132.2.283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/132.2.283","url":null,"abstract":"Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) catalyzes the synthesis of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, the methyl donor for remethylation of homocysteine to methionine. The C677T MTHFR polymorphism is associated with mild hyperhomocysteinemia, but only in the presence of low folate status. Because MTHFR contains flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as a prosthetic group, riboflavin status may also influence homocysteine metabolism. The objective of this study was to examine the association between riboflavin status and fasting plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration while also considering MTHFR C677T genotype and folate status. The study was conducted using fasting plasma samples (n = 450) from the fifth examination of the Framingham Offspring Study cohort. All persons with the TT genotype and age- and sex-matched sets of individuals with the CT and CC genotypes were selected for determination of plasma riboflavin and flavin mono- and dinucleotide levels. Plasma riboflavin was associated with tHcy concentrations, but the association was largely confined to persons with plasma folate <12.5 nmol/L and TT genotype. In these persons, the mean tHcy among individuals with riboflavin levels <6.89 nmol/L was 14.5 micromol/L, whereas the mean tHcy for those with riboflavin > or = 11 nmol/L was 11.6 micromol/L (P-trend <0.03). Plasma flavin nucleotides were unrelated to tHcy concentrations. Our data suggest that riboflavin status may affect homocysteine metabolism, but only in a small segment of the population who have both low folate status and are homozygotes for the MTHFR C677T mutation.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85983565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 147

Oral IGF-I alters the posttranslational processing but not the activity of lactase-phlorizin hydrolase in formula-fed neonatal pigs. 口服igf - 1改变了配方喂养的新生猪的翻译后加工过程，但没有改变乳糖酶-苯二酚水解酶的活性。

The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging Pub Date : 2001-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/JN/131.9.2235

D. Burrin, B. Stoll, M. Fan, M. Dudley, S. Donovan, P. Reeds

{"title":"Oral IGF-I alters the posttranslational processing but not the activity of lactase-phlorizin hydrolase in formula-fed neonatal pigs.","authors":"D. Burrin, B. Stoll, M. Fan, M. Dudley, S. Donovan, P. Reeds","doi":"10.1093/JN/131.9.2235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/131.9.2235","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the cellular mechanism whereby oral insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) increases intestinal lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) activity, we studied 2-d-old pigs fed cow's milk formula (control, n = 5), formula + low IGF-I (0.5 mg/L; n = 6) or formula + high IGF-I (12.0 mg/L, n = 6) for 15 d. On d 15, intestinal protein synthesis and lactase processing were measured in vivo in fed pigs using a 6-h intravenous, overlapping infusion of multiple stable isotopes (2H(3)-Leu, 13C(1)-Leu, 13C(1)-Phe, 2H(5)-Phe, 13C(6)-Phe and 13C(9)-Phe). Morphometry and cell proliferation also were measured in the jejunum and ileum. Neither dose of IGF-I affected the masses of wet tissue, protein or DNA, or the villus height, cell proliferation or LPH-specific activity. Oral IGF-I decreased the synthesis and abundance of prolactase-phlorizin hydrolase (pro-LPH), but increased brush-border (BB)-LPH synthesis in the ileum. The BB-LPH processing efficiency was twofold to threefold greater in IGF-fed than in control pigs. In all pigs, villus height and the total mucosal and specific activity of LPH activity were greater in the ileum than in the jejunum, yet the synthesis of BB-LPH were significantly lower in the ileum than in the jejunum. We conclude that oral IGF-I increases the processing efficiency of pro-LPH to BB-LPH but does not affect LPH activity. Moreover, the posttranslational processing of BB-LPH is markedly lower in the ileum than in the jejunum.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85813795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29