Chinese Birds最新文献

{"title":"Habitat utilization and resource partitioning of wintering Hooded Cranes and three goose species at Shengjin Lake","authors":"Fengting Zhao, Lizhi Zhou, Wenbin Xu","doi":"10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0032","url":null,"abstract":"The loss and degradation of wetlands have adversely affected waterbirds, which depend on wetland habitats. Interspecific competition has an important effect on habitat utilization of winter - ing waterbirds. Resource utilization, including partitioning, in degraded wetlands has become a hot issue in ecological studies of wintering waterbirds. In order to have an insight into the habitat utiliza- tion and resource partitioning between a Hooded Crane (Grus monacha) population and the guild of three goose species, i.e., Anser fabalis, A. albifrons and A. erythropus wintering in lake wetlands, we carried out a study at Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve from November 2011 to April 2012. We surveyed the Hooded Cranes and goose guild foraging in various habitats during the wintering peri- ods with a combined method of fixed route searching and fixed site observations. Resource partition - ing was studied by means of calculating habitat utilization rates and the width and overlap of spatial niches. The results showed that the habitat utilization rate and the width of spatial niches of the Hooded Crane population and goose guild shifted with the season. The habitat utilization rates of the cranes in grasslands were high at all three wintering stages. The habitat utilization rates were 0.454, 0.435 and 0.959 respectively for the Hooded Cranes and 0.627, 0.491 and 0.616 for the goose guild. This suggests that the overlap in grasslands was higher between cranes and goose guild. Most habitats were accessible at the middle stage, so the width of the spatial niche of the cranes (1.099) and goose guild (1.133) both reached their peak at this stage. The greatest niche overlap was 0.914 for these two groups at the late stage, followed by 0.906 at the middle stage and the smallest was 0.854 at the early stage. Ecological response to the changes in habitats of wintering waterbirds was clearly shown in the dynamic variations of the niche of both the Hooded Cranes and the three goose species. Coexistence among waterbirds was achieved by regulation of niche width to reduce niche overlap and relieve in- terspecific resource partitioning.","PeriodicalId":227522,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Birds","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125697525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ectoparasites and other invertebrates in the nests of the Hair-crested Drongo (Dicrurus hottentottus)","authors":"A. Cantrell, Lei Lv, Yong Wang, Zhengwang Zhang, Jianqiang Li","doi":"10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":227522,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Birds","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132314952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of the use by birds of various karst wetlands in southwestern Guangxi, southern China","authors":"Xiaolian Shu, Zhou Lu, Gang Yang, Yuan-Jun Meng, Zhaotian Li, F. Zhou","doi":"10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":227522,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Birds","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130933518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of habitat requirements of farmland birds based on a hierarchical structured monitoring scheme","authors":"J. Hoffmann, U. Wittchen, U. Stachow, Gert Berger","doi":"10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural landscapes are essential for the conservation of biodiversity. Nevertheless, a \u0000negative trend continues to be observed in many rural areas for the most prominent indicator species \u0000group, the farmland birds. However, clear cause-effect relationships are rarely reported and sometimes \u0000difficult to deduce, especially from monitoring data which are based only on the detection of \u0000species and counts of the numbers of individuals. Because the identification of habitat preferences \u0000is a precondition for farmland bird biodiversity conservation efforts, a monitoring scheme for the \u0000simultaneous collection and analysis of bird and land use data was developed and tested. In order \u0000to assign the occurrence of bird species to land characteristics at various spatial scales and different \u0000land use and crop types, we applied a hierarchical structured sampling design. The spatial scales were \u0000‘agricultural landscape’, ‘agricultural landscapes types’, ‘field crops and other habitats’ and ‘vegetation \u0000structures’. These scales were integrated with a novel concept, the ‘habitat matrix’ (HM). This method \u0000was applied to farmland breeding bird abundances on 29 plots, each 1 km² in size, by the use of the \u0000territory mapping method. The same plots were enlarged by a 100 m buffer and the sizes and location \u0000of habitats documented. Vegetation height, coverage and density was also recorded for all crop fields \u0000in the study area. We propose that this monitoring method facilitates the identification of scale dependent \u0000relationships between farmland bird habitat characteristics and bird abundance. This is demonstrated \u0000by the farmland bird species Corn Bunting (Emberiza calandra), Skylark (Alauda arvensis), \u0000and Whinchat (Saxicola rubetra). The breeding territories of these species reveal large differences \u0000within the various spatial scales ‘agricultural landscape’, ‘agricultural landscape types’ and ‘field crops’. \u0000Throughout the breeding season the abundances varied, dependent on the field crop and the development \u0000of vegetation structures (height, coverage, and density). HM-analysis led to the identification of \u0000specific habitat configurations preferred by individual bird species within the agricultural landscape. \u0000These findings indicate that the methodology has the potential to design monitoring schemes for the \u0000identification of cause-and-effects of landscape configuration, land use and land use changes on the \u0000habitat suitability and abundance of farmland birds.","PeriodicalId":227522,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Birds","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126391817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raptor migration monitoring in the spring of 2009 at Baiwangshan, Beijing","authors":"Cheng Wen, Dong Han","doi":"10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Following a series of surveys since 2003, a full-seasonal raptor count was undertaken at Baiwangshan, a mountain in the vicinity of Beijing, from 6 March to 22 May 2009, when 3802 individual birds of 23 species were recorded. Four species, i.e., Oriental Honey Buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus), Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo), Eurasian Sparrow Hawk (Accipiter nisus) and Gray-faced Buzzard (Butastur indicus) together accounted for up 90% of the total and P. ptilorhynchus alone for 70%. Raptor passage of such magnitude and diversity at an inland site in China was unheard of up to then. As well, 113 other migrants were recorded at the site during this period, including 24 water birds, 74 passerines and 15 others (cuckoos, owls and other migrants).","PeriodicalId":227522,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Birds","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123592086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biometrics and wing molt in White-winged Black Tern (Chlidonias leucopterus) in north-west Australia","authors":"P. Fullagar, Michael J. Dawkins, C. Minton","doi":"10.5122/CBIRDS.2012.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5122/CBIRDS.2012.0028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":227522,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Birds","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121588281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population and conservation status of the Himalayan Griffon (Gyps himalayensis) at the Drigung Thel Monastery, Tibet, China","authors":"Chaolu Liu, Zhiping Huo, Xiaoping Yu","doi":"10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0027","url":null,"abstract":"The Himalayan Griffon (Gyps himalayensis), occurring mainly in the Tibetan Plateau, is one of the scavengers of Old World vultures. As of now, knowledge about the Himalayan Griffon in China remains scarce. Estimates of its number, habitat, and conservation status were carried out in 2003, 2009 and 2102 in the Lhasa River Valley, where we paid particular attention to the population living at the Drigung Thel Monastery, Mzizhokunggar County. The resident species occupies alpine meadows in the daytime and roosts at the upper parts of cliffs at night between 4400–5000 m elevation. The number of individual birds of the Himalayan Griffon around the monastery was estimated as 230 in 2003, 250 in 2009 and 200 in 2012. This population is considered relatively stable, thanks to the current conservation measures by Buddhist monks and local people. Given the lack of any baseline information, it is difficult for us to recommend and provide any effective conservation measures.","PeriodicalId":227522,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Birds","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134213191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vocal structure, behavior and partitioning of all 23 Pternistis spp. into homologous sound (and monophyletic) groups","authors":"J. H. Niekerk","doi":"10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0020","url":null,"abstract":"South Africa Abstract The aims of this research were (1) to provide a description of spurfowl Pternistis spp. calls and their social context; (2) to describe the divergence of advertisement calls; and (3) to appropriate 23 spurfowl species to homologous sound groups which have been synthesized with recognized monophyletic groups within Pternistis spurfowls. Sound group partitioning was primarily based on male advertisement calls. A total of 218 recordings (rendering ~300 identifiable calls) were analyzed covering 22 out of 23 spurfowl species in Africa. One species was assessed from written accounts. The repertoire size per spurfowl varies between 7 and 11 calls. Spurfowl calls were arranged into three broad categories including (1) advertisement calls; (2) maintenance calls including distress calls, juvenile whining (“mews”), cheeps and comfort calls; and (3) male-female and female-offspring bonding calls. Spurfowl species were set out in eight sound groups of which five were more or less congruent with the monophyletic groups of Hall (1963), but sound groups produced more partitioning as Hall described only five groups relevant to Pternistis spp. The divergence of advertisement calls appar-ently minimizes hybridization between sympatric species but the “genetic distance” between spurfowl species is relatively small causing hybridization among spurfowl species. Despite the vocalizations of Hartlaub’s Spurfowl ( P. hartlaubi ) differing significantly from the rest of the spurfowls, sound analy-ses suggest that it remains","PeriodicalId":227522,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Birds","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126914500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global overview of cranes: status, threats and conservation priorities","authors":"James Harris, C. Mirande","doi":"10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0025","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the population trends and threats for the 15 species of cranes, and comments on conservation priorities for the family as a whole. Cranes occur on five continents, with greatest diversity in East Asia (nine species) and Sub-Saharan Africa (six species). Eleven crane species are threatened with extinction according to the IUCN Red List, including one species Critically En- dangered, three species Endangered, and seven species Vulnerable. Of the four species of Least Con- cern, population sizes for the Demoiselle (Anthropoides virgo) and Brolga (Grus rubicunda) are not well known but these species are declining in some areas. The Sandhill (G. canadensis) and Eurasian Cranes (G. grus) are the most abundant cranes and have rapidly increased in part due to their flexible selection of foraging habitats and use of agriculture lands and waste grain as a food source. Status for six species — Grey Crowned (Balearica regulorum), Blue (Anthropoides paradise), Black-necked (G. nigricollis), Red-crowned (G. japonensis), Sandhill, and Siberian (G. leucogeranus) — are summarized in more detail to illustrate the diversity of population shifts and threats within the crane family. A crane threat matrix lists the major threats, rates each threat for each species, and scores each threat for the crane family as a whole. Four of the five greatest threats are to the ecosystems that cranes depend upon, while only one of the top threats (human disturbance) relates to human action directly impact- ing on cranes. Four major threats are discussed: dams and water diversions, agriculture development, crane trade, and climate change. Conservation efforts should be strongly science-based, reduce direct threats to the birds, safeguard or restore habitat, and strengthen awareness among decision makers and local communities for how to safeguard cranes and wetlands. Especially for the most severely threatened species, significantly stronger efforts will be needed to incorporate our understanding of the needs of cranes and the ecosystems they inhabit into decisions about agriculture, water manage- ment, energy development and other human activities.","PeriodicalId":227522,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Birds","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134511974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation priority for endemic birds of mainland China based on a phylogenetic framework","authors":"Youhua Chen","doi":"10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5122/CBIRDS.2013.0021","url":null,"abstract":"In this report, a conservation priority scenario for endemic birds of mainland China is proposed from a phylogenetic perspective. By utilizing and comparing seven phylogenetic diversity (PD) indices, the study shows that the top five endemic birds with high conservation priority are Ar- borophila ardens, A. gingica, A. rufipectus , Lophophorus lhuysii and Alectoris magna respectively. The ranking of species, based on the IUCN Red List and PD indices, were compared by means of a Wilcox signed rank test and Pearson's correlation, drawing the inference that the PD ranking of endemic birds for mainland China shows a distinct and statistically significant difference from the IUCN rank - ing. Therefore, the ranking of conservation priority for endemic birds of China using PD indices might offer new insights on species conservation from an evolutionary-heritage perspective, serving as a complement to the IUCN ranking.","PeriodicalId":227522,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Birds","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123756707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}