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International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity最新文献

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‘The Panda of Plants’: The Discovery of Dawn Redwood and National Identity Construction in Modern China “植物中的熊猫”:黎明红木的发现与近代中国的民族认同建构
International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity Pub Date : 2019-04-09 DOI: 10.18352/HCM.557
Yuheng Zhang
{"title":"‘The Panda of Plants’: The Discovery of Dawn Redwood and National Identity Construction in Modern China","authors":"Yuheng Zhang","doi":"10.18352/HCM.557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/HCM.557","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the role played by the 1940s discovery of dawn redwood (Shuishan , Metasequoia glyptostroboides) in the construction of a modern Chinese national identity, as manifested in Chinese intellectual and popular discourse from the second half of the twentieth century to the present day. As the shuishan was transformed from a distinct biological species into an iconic national species, modern China as an ‘imagined community’ was forged in three dimensions. Spatially, the emerging national space was anchored in the world of nations; the temporal scale was redefined, and Chinese history projected back into deep time; and through the attribution of moral qualities to the tree, the ressentiment arising from the late development of nationalism was reaffirmed but also countered.","PeriodicalId":227091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127974485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nature, Nation and the Dam. Narratives about the Harnessed Waterfall in Early Twentieth-Century Sweden 自然、民族和大坝。关于二十世纪早期瑞典被驾驭的瀑布的叙述
International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity Pub Date : 2019-03-02 DOI: 10.18352/hcm.553
Fabian Zimmer
{"title":"Nature, Nation and the Dam. Narratives about the Harnessed Waterfall in Early Twentieth-Century Sweden","authors":"Fabian Zimmer","doi":"10.18352/hcm.553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/hcm.553","url":null,"abstract":"When the first large-scale hydroelectric power plants were built in Sweden at the beginning of the twentieth century, the waterfall became a twofold symbol of the Swedish nation. On the one hand, the harnessed waterfall promised unlimited energy and economic growth, and thus turned into a unifying symbol of a national productive landscape. On the other hand, the unharnessed wild waterfall, to be enjoyed by tourists seeking refuge from the modern industrial world, became a symbol of a national recreational landscape. This situation, however problematic, did not result in conflict. Taking a look at the first two state-built water power plants in Sweden, I trace how the two contrasting concepts of landscape were harmonized within public discourse. I demonstrate how engineers, architects, conservationists, tourist organisations, and journalists together produced a broad public acceptance of the drastic changes in the national landscape brought about by the construction of these power stations.","PeriodicalId":227091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131920433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Impossible Dream: Scientism as Strategy against Distrust of Social Science at the U.S. National Science Foundation, 1945–1980 《不可能的梦想:科学主义是美国国家科学基金会对抗社会科学不信任的策略》，1945-1980年
International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.18352/HCM.554
M. Solovey
{"title":"The Impossible Dream: Scientism as Strategy against Distrust of Social Science at the U.S. National Science Foundation, 1945–1980","authors":"M. Solovey","doi":"10.18352/HCM.554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/HCM.554","url":null,"abstract":"Distrust of the social sciences has deep roots in American politics, science, and culture. This article examines how distrust became a serious issue in the nuclear age by focusing on the U.S. National Science Foundation’s involvement with the social sciences from 1945 to 1980. I propose, first, that in this context distrust of NSF’s social science activities came in two forms, which rested on two different sources of doubt. Epistemological Distrust stemmed from doubts about the scientific status of the social sciences. Social Distrust involved worries about the social relevance and policy uses of the social sciences. Second, I propose that efforts to address and contain these two types of distrust played a major role in NSF’s elaboration of a view of the social sciences and corresponding strategy for funding them that I will refer to as Scientism, which assumed a unified scientific framework that took an idealized conception of the natural sciences as the gold standard.","PeriodicalId":227091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133392923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Betwixt and Between: A Reflection on the Scale and Scope of Disaster Memories Between and Between:关于灾难记忆的规模和范围的思考
International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity Pub Date : 2019-02-20 DOI: 10.18352/HCM.552
F. Mauch
{"title":"Betwixt and Between: A Reflection on the Scale and Scope of Disaster Memories","authors":"F. Mauch","doi":"10.18352/HCM.552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/HCM.552","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows that disaster memories not only develop over different circuits of time, but also involve multiple spatial layers. In the particular case presented here, remembering Hamburg’s ‘Great Deluge’ of 1962 followed patterns in which national politics intermeshed with distinctive local legacies and competing memory actors in changing interpretive frames. Tracing the flood’s multi-faceted reverberations along these intersections, this article suggests, firstly, that a long-term analysis of selected memory narratives can offer insights into the broader political implications as well as the unique characteristics of placebased disaster cultures. Secondly, by taking into account commemoration events, politics of remembrance as well as symbolic and material lieux de mémoire, the article shows that disaster memories are shaped by historical actors both ‘outside’ and ‘on site’. As a result, the article traces an eclectic panorama of co-evolving disaster memory cultures – not only local and (inter)national, environmental and social, and ‘from below’ and prescribed at the same time, but ‘betwixt and between’ them as well.","PeriodicalId":227091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132578866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
‘Rugged Hills’, ‘Dense Forests’ and ‘Backward People’. Imagining Landscapes in Nineteenth-Century Colonial Goa “崎岖的山”、“茂密的森林”和“落后的人”。想象19世纪殖民时期果阿的风景
International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity Pub Date : 2019-02-06 DOI: 10.18352/hcm.550
Joselena M Ferreira
{"title":"‘Rugged Hills’, ‘Dense Forests’ and ‘Backward People’. Imagining Landscapes in Nineteenth-Century Colonial Goa","authors":"Joselena M Ferreira","doi":"10.18352/hcm.550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/hcm.550","url":null,"abstract":"The former Portuguese colony of Goa is best known nowadays as a tourist hotspot. To many, its iconic landscape is one of sandy beaches and whitewashed churches nestling among the paddy fields and coconut trees. But beyond this postcard image there is another lesser known landscape, epitomized by the rugged mountains and forests of the Sahyadri range. During the Portuguese colonial period, which lasted until 1961, this was the ‘other landscape’ of Goa, frequently portrayed as ‘wild’, ‘backward’ and inherently hostile to colonial rule. This essay discusses the production of these images and their importance in shaping colonial policies. Building upon recent research on Environmental and Imperial History, it argues that far from being mere discursive constructions these images had important political, economic, cultural and environmental repercussions which shaped the history of colonial Goa.","PeriodicalId":227091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115753774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Identity in Forms: Paper Technologies in Dutch Anthropometric Practices Around 1900 表格中的身份:1900年左右荷兰人体测量实践中的纸张技术
International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.18352/HCM.510
Geertje Mak, S. Bultman
{"title":"Identity in Forms: Paper Technologies in Dutch Anthropometric Practices Around 1900","authors":"Geertje Mak, S. Bultman","doi":"10.18352/HCM.510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/HCM.510","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses anthropometric forms used in three different Dutch contexts around 1900: an expedition in Dutch New Guinea, the Dutch police and prison registration system, where ‘Bertillonage’ was used to identify recidivist criminals, and a state-owned reform school for girls. The authors identify the loose form as an innovative ‘paper technology’ within anthropometry that opened up entirely new ways of linking bodies to identities and was critically important in inscribing bodies into knowledge systems. The article demonstrates how this crucial innovation within anthropometry took shape in practice. In order to show the techniques through which the inscription of bodies into knowledge systems took place, the article demonstrates how the forms organized, standardized and directed measuring practices and prepared the data for further use in filing systems. Moreover, it draws attention to the tension between the forms’ potential and actual practices. The article concludes by considering the ways these forms were filed and used as ‘data’ by judicial authorities, child protection professionals and racial and criminological scientists, each of whom produced different forms of ‘paper identity’ and whose anthropometric practices enacted different bodies.","PeriodicalId":227091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116933168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Racism and Modernity 种族主义与现代性
International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity Pub Date : 2019-01-12 DOI: 10.18352/HCM.551
D. Vartija
{"title":"Racism and Modernity","authors":"D. Vartija","doi":"10.18352/HCM.551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/HCM.551","url":null,"abstract":"Review of Lindon Barrett, Racial Blackness and the Discontinuity of Western Modernity, edited by Justin A. Joyce, Dwight A. McBride, and John Carlos Rowe (Urbana, 2014); Manfred Berg and Simon Wendt (eds), Racism in the Modern World: Historical Perspectives on Cultural Transfer and Adaptation (New York, 2011); Francisco Bethencourt, Racisms: From the Crusades to the Twentieth Century (Princeton, 2013); Nicholas Guyatt, Bind Us Apart: How Enlightened Americans Invented Racial Segregation (New York, 2016).","PeriodicalId":227091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity","volume":"399 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129586177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Transition of Internationalisms: Britain, the United States, and the Formation of the United Nations Information Organization during World War II 国际主义的过渡:第二次世界大战期间英国、美国和联合国新闻组织的形成
International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity Pub Date : 2019-01-12 DOI: 10.18352/hcm.549
G. Scott-Smith
{"title":"A Transition of Internationalisms: Britain, the United States, and the Formation of the United Nations Information Organization during World War II","authors":"G. Scott-Smith","doi":"10.18352/hcm.549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/hcm.549","url":null,"abstract":"The United Nations Information Office (UNIO), dating from 1942, holds the distinction of being both the first international agency of the embryonic UN network and the first to hold the United Nations label. Run from 1942 to 1945 from two offices in New York and London, these two were merged at the end of World War II to form the UN Information Organisation, and subsequently transformed into the Department of Public Information run from UN headquarters in New York. This article adds to the history of the UN by exploring the origins and development of the UNIO during 1940–41, when it was a British-led propaganda operation to gather US support for the allied war effort. It also examines the UNIO from the viewpoint of the power transition from Britain to the United States that took place during the war, and how this reflected a transition of internationalisms: from the British view of world order through benevolent imperialism to the American view of a progressive campaign for global development and human rights.","PeriodicalId":227091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132537114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Byatt, Fiction and Biofiction 《小说与传记》
International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity Pub Date : 2019-01-10 DOI: 10.18352/HCM.543
Max Saunders
{"title":"Byatt, Fiction and Biofiction","authors":"Max Saunders","doi":"10.18352/HCM.543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/HCM.543","url":null,"abstract":"A. S. Byatt’s fiction is much possessed by ‘lives’ – not only the lives of her characters, but the ideas of the biographies of those characters, and of characters as biographers. The essay will explore the relation between fiction, biography and autobiography in her work, taking in such topics as portraiture, myth, creation and reading. It will ask why a novelist who has written about earlier historical periods has eschewed one of the defining devices of the historical novel – and postmodern biofiction – of using real historical figures as characters.","PeriodicalId":227091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130442091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Cost of Memorializing: Analyzing Armenian Genocide Memorials and Commemorations in the Republic of Armenia and in the Diaspora 纪念的代价:分析亚美尼亚种族灭绝纪念碑和亚美尼亚共和国和散居海外的纪念活动
International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity Pub Date : 2019-01-09 DOI: 10.18352/HCM.534
Sabrina Papazian
{"title":"The Cost of Memorializing: Analyzing Armenian Genocide Memorials and Commemorations in the Republic of Armenia and in the Diaspora","authors":"Sabrina Papazian","doi":"10.18352/HCM.534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/HCM.534","url":null,"abstract":"In April of 1965 thousands of Armenians gathered in Yerevan and Los Angeles, demanding global recognition of and remembrance for the Armenian Genocide after fifty years of silence. Since then, over 200 memorials have been built around the world commemorating the victims of the Genocide and have been the centre of hundreds of marches, vigils and commemorative events. This article analyzes the visual forms and semiotic natures of three Armenian Genocide memorials in Armenia, France and the United States and the commemoration practices that surround them to compare and contrast how the Genocide is being memorialized in different Armenian communities. In doing so, this article questions the long-term effects commemorations have on an overall transnational Armenian community. Ultimately, it appears that calls for Armenian Genocide recognition unwittingly categorize the global Armenian community as eternal victims, impeding the development of both the Republic of Armenia and the Armenian diaspora.","PeriodicalId":227091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125155890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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