{"title":"China's Participation in Global Governance on Climate Mitigation: Study on the Influence of Epistemic Communities in the Policy-Making Process","authors":"E. Wang, C. Tuo","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2169840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2169840","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the leading GHG (greenhouse gas) emission countries, China is playing the most important role in the world climate mitigation issue. Since 1980s, China's climate change policy has been transformed deeply: from the symbolic participation to substantial cooperation, from the refusing to take any quantified emission cut to taking the carbon intensity reduction way, and to take the quantified emission cut in the near future. This paper argues that the Epistemic Communities, especially the Chinese experts among them, actually facilitate China's change in the climate change issue -- the change of policies and the attitude toward global governance in the climate mitigation. China has to make some change or take some responsibility facing high international press. To deal with that press, state decision makers would consult with the experts in that area. Those experts who participated in the decision making process are really influential. However, not all the professionals would be put into the consultation channel. China's transformation would be a kind of active adjustment and adaptation rather than a passive acceptance. 作为温室气体排放大国之一，中国在缓解全球气候变化事宜中扮演着最重要的角色。自二十世纪八十年代以来，中国的气候变化应对政策发生了深刻的变化：从象征性参与到 实质性合作，从拒绝承担任何量化减排指标到走上降低碳强度之路，并在不久的未来即 将实施量化减排。本文论证了知识共同体，尤其是知识共同体中的中国专家是促进中国 在气候变化问题上转变的关键因素——包括对缓解气候变化全球治理方面的态度转变 及政策转变。面对国际社会的巨大压力，中国必须做出改变或承担相应责任。为了应对 压力，国家政策制定者将向该领域专家进行咨询，因此参与决策制定过程的专家意见影 响深远。然而，并非所有专业人士意见都能获得采纳。中国在转型中将做出积极调整和 应对，而非被动接受。","PeriodicalId":225416,"journal":{"name":"ERN: International Trade & the Environment (Topic)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121389736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Environment and Trade Matters under GATT Article XX","authors":"Dr. Asif Khan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1887205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1887205","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship of trade with environment is not direct; however article XX of the GATT have served as a guardian of environment. However, only article XX in GATT is not termed as sufficient for the furtherance of this cause. Thus the issue of environmental protection through trade embargoes on the defaulter states is contentious. The Pre-WTO approach was different from the Post-WTO approach to protect environment. Thus; this article examines the difference of approach towards environmental protection by the Pre and Post WTO panels. Different cases in this regard are examined; analysing these issues gives us an idea of how environment and trade matters are addressed by GATT and WTO panels and the suitability of Article XX of GATT in this regard.","PeriodicalId":225416,"journal":{"name":"ERN: International Trade & the Environment (Topic)","volume":"15 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122363466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Income, Trade and Pollution in Central Asia, Russia and China: An Econometric Analysis","authors":"T. Songsermsawas","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3302735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3302735","url":null,"abstract":"The study performs a panel estimation of the relationship between per capita income, trade, and airborne pollution in the five Central Asian nations, Russia and China between 1992 and 2008. First, this study uses an environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis (EKC) - an inverted - U relationship between the increase in income and the level of environmental degradation - to examine how income and pollution are related. Second, the study uses a gravity model to estimate the effect of a regional trade agreement (Shanghai Cooperation Organization: SCO) on incomes and carbon dioxide emissions in the region. Empirical analysis confirms the existence of the rising portion of the EKC curve in the region - a positive correlation between per capita income growth and carbon dioxide emissions- and that the volume of bilateral trade, and not the existence of a regional trade agreement, contributes to the increasing level of environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":225416,"journal":{"name":"ERN: International Trade & the Environment (Topic)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133022973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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