The Japanese journal of physiology最新文献_第5页

ANO1 in intramuscular interstitial cells of Cajal plays a key role in the generation of slow waves and tone in the internal anal sphincter Cajal肌间质细胞中的ANO1在肛门内括约肌慢波和张力的产生中起关键作用

The Japanese journal of physiology Pub Date : 2017-03-15 DOI: 10.1113/JP273618

Caroline A Cobine, E. Hannah, M. Zhu, H. E. Lyle, J. Rock, K. Sanders, S. Ward, K. Keef

{"title":"ANO1 in intramuscular interstitial cells of Cajal plays a key role in the generation of slow waves and tone in the internal anal sphincter","authors":"Caroline A Cobine, E. Hannah, M. Zhu, H. E. Lyle, J. Rock, K. Sanders, S. Ward, K. Keef","doi":"10.1113/JP273618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP273618","url":null,"abstract":"The internal anal sphincter develops tone important for maintaining high anal pressure and continence. Controversy exists regarding the mechanisms underlying tone development. We examined the hypothesis that tone depends upon electrical slow waves (SWs) initiated in intramuscular interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC‐IM) by activation of Ca2+‐activated Cl− channels (ANO1, encoded by Ano1) and voltage‐dependent L‐type Ca2+ channels (CavL, encoded by Cacna1c). Measurement of membrane potential and contraction indicated that ANO1 and CavL have a central role in SW generation, phasic contractions and tone, independent of stretch. ANO1 expression was examined in wildtype and Ano1/+egfp mice with immunohistochemical techniques. Ano1 and Cacna1c expression levels were examined by quantitative PCR in fluorescence‐activated cell sorting. ICC‐IM were the predominant cell type expressing ANO1 and the most likely candidate for SW generation. SWs in ICC‐IM are proposed to conduct to smooth muscle where Ca2+ entry via CavL results in phasic activity that sums to produce tone.","PeriodicalId":22512,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of physiology","volume":"2008 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86233220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

Residual force enhancement is regulated by titin in skeletal and cardiac myofibrils 残余力增强是由骨骼和心脏肌原纤维中的titin调节的

The Japanese journal of physiology Pub Date : 2017-03-15 DOI: 10.1113/JP272983

N. Shalabi, A. Cornachione, F. de Souza Leite, S. Vengallatore, D. Rassier

引用次数: 32

Sex, drugs and rock and roll: tales from preterm fetal life 性、毒品和摇滚:来自早产胎儿的故事

The Japanese journal of physiology Pub Date : 2017-03-15 DOI: 10.1113/JP272999

L. Bennet

{"title":"Sex, drugs and rock and roll: tales from preterm fetal life","authors":"L. Bennet","doi":"10.1113/JP272999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP272999","url":null,"abstract":"Premature fetuses and babies are at greater risk of mortality and morbidity than their term counterparts. The underlying causes are multifactorial, but include exposure to hypoxia. Immaturity of organs and their functional control may impair the physiological defence responses to hypoxia and the preterm fetal responses, or lack thereof, to moderate hypoxia appear to support this concept. However, as this review demonstrates, despite immaturity, the preterm fetus responds to asphyxia in a qualitatively similar manner to that seen at term. This highlights the importance in understanding metabolism versus homeostatic threat when assessing fetal responses to adverse challenges such as hypoxia. Data are presented to show that the preterm fetal adaptation to asphyxia is triphasic in nature. Phase one represents the rapid institution of maximal defences, designed to maintain blood pressure and central perfusion at the expense of peripheral organs. Phase two is one of adaptive compensation. Controlled reperfusion partially offsets peripheral tissue oxygen debt, while maintaining sufficient vasoconstriction to limit the fall in perfusion. Phase three is about decompensation. Strikingly, the preterm fetus generally performs better during phases two and three, and can survive for longer without injury. Paradoxically, however, the ability to survive can lead to longer exposure to hypotension and hypoperfusion and thus potentially greater injury. The effects of fetal sex, inflammation and drugs on the triphasic adaptations are reviewed. Finally, the review highlights the need for more comprehensive studies to understand the complexity of perinatal physiology if we are to develop effective strategies to improve preterm outcomes.","PeriodicalId":22512,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of physiology","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80757436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

N‐Cadherin, a novel and rapidly remodelling site involved in vasoregulation of small cerebral arteries 钙粘蛋白:一种新的、快速重构的参与脑小动脉血管调节的位点

The Japanese journal of physiology Pub Date : 2017-03-15 DOI: 10.1113/JP272995

Zhe Sun, Min Li, Z. Li, M. Hill, G. Meininger

引用次数: 10

Binaural blood flow control by astrocytes: listening to synapses and the vasculature 星形胶质细胞对双耳血流的控制:听突触和脉管系统

The Japanese journal of physiology Pub Date : 2017-03-15 DOI: 10.1113/JP270979

Anusha Mishra

{"title":"Binaural blood flow control by astrocytes: listening to synapses and the vasculature","authors":"Anusha Mishra","doi":"10.1113/JP270979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP270979","url":null,"abstract":"Astrocytes are the most common glial cells in the brain with fine processes and endfeet that intimately contact both neuronal synapses and the cerebral vasculature. They play an important role in mediating neurovascular coupling (NVC) via several astrocytic Ca2+‐dependent signalling pathways such as K+ release through BK channels, and the production and release of arachidonic acid metabolites. They are also involved in maintaining the resting tone of the cerebral vessels by releasing ATP and COX‐1 derivatives. Evidence also supports a role for astrocytes in maintaining blood pressure‐dependent change in cerebrovascular tone, and perhaps also in blood vessel‐to‐neuron signalling as posited by the ‘hemo‐neural hypothesis’. Thus, astrocytes are emerging as new stars in preserving the intricate balance between the high energy demand of active neurons and the supply of oxygen and nutrients from the blood by maintaining both resting blood flow and activity‐evoked changes therein. Following neuropathology, astrocytes become reactive and many of their key signalling mechanisms are altered, including those involved in NVC. Furthermore, as they can respond to changes in vascular pressure, cardiovascular diseases might exert previously unknown effects on the central nervous system by altering astrocyte function. This review discusses the role of astrocytes in neurovascular signalling in both physiology and pathology, and the impact of these findings on understanding BOLD‐fMRI signals.","PeriodicalId":22512,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of physiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88897846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 75

Gaze‐evoked nystagmus induced by alcohol intoxication 酒精中毒引起的凝视诱发眼球震颤

The Japanese journal of physiology Pub Date : 2017-03-15 DOI: 10.1113/JP273204

F. Romano, A. Tarnutzer, D. Straumann, S. Ramat, G. Bertolini

引用次数: 24

Effect of gravity and microgravity on intracranial pressure 重力和微重力对颅内压的影响

The Japanese journal of physiology Pub Date : 2017-03-15 DOI: 10.1113/JP273557

J. Lawley, L. Petersen, E. Howden, S. Sarma, W. Cornwell, Rong Zhang, L. Whitworth, Michael A. Williams, B. Levine

引用次数: 174

Human motoneurone excitability is depressed by activation of serotonin 1A receptors with buspirone 丁螺环酮激活5 -羟色胺1A受体可抑制人运动神经元的兴奋性

The Japanese journal of physiology Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.1113/JP273200

J. D’Amico, A. Butler, M. Héroux, Florence Cotel, J. Perrier, J. Butler, S. Gandevia, Janet L. Taylor

引用次数: 26

Resveratrol supplementation of high‐fat diet‐fed pregnant mice promotes brown and beige adipocyte development and prevents obesity in male offspring 在高脂肪饮食喂养的怀孕小鼠中补充白藜芦醇可以促进棕色和米色脂肪细胞的发育，并防止雄性后代肥胖

The Japanese journal of physiology Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.1113/JP273478

T. Zou, Daiwen Chen, Qiyuan Yang, Bo Wang, Mei-Jun Zhu, P. Nathanielsz, M. Du

引用次数: 114

Extracellular protons enable activation of the calcium‐dependent chloride channel TMEM16A 细胞外质子能够激活钙依赖性氯离子通道TMEM16A

The Japanese journal of physiology Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.1113/JP273111

S. Cruz-Rangel, J. J. Jesús-Pérez, I. Aréchiga-Figueroa, Aldo A. Rodríguez-Menchaca, P. Pérez-Cornejo, H. Hartzell, J. Arreola

{"title":"Extracellular protons enable activation of the calcium‐dependent chloride channel TMEM16A","authors":"S. Cruz-Rangel, J. J. Jesús-Pérez, I. Aréchiga-Figueroa, Aldo A. Rodríguez-Menchaca, P. Pérez-Cornejo, H. Hartzell, J. Arreola","doi":"10.1113/JP273111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP273111","url":null,"abstract":"The calcium‐activated chloride channel TMEM16A provides a pathway for chloride ion movements that are key in preventing polyspermy, allowing fluid secretion, controlling blood pressure, and enabling gastrointestinal activity. TMEM16A is opened by voltage‐dependent calcium binding and regulated by permeant anions and intracellular protons. Here we show that a low proton concentration reduces TMEM16A activity while maximum activation is obtained when the external proton concentration is high. In addition, protonation conditions determine the open probability of TMEM16A without changing its calcium sensitivity. External glutamic acid 623 (E623) is key for TMEM16A's ability to respond to external protons. At physiological pH, E623 is un‐protonated and TMEM16A is activated when intracellular calcium increases; however, under acidic conditions E623 is partially protonated and works synergistically with intracellular calcium to activate the channel. These findings are critical for understanding physiological and pathological processes that involve changes in pH and chloride flux via TMEM16A.","PeriodicalId":22512,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of physiology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90361788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24