The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien des Maladies Infectieuses et de la Microbiologie Médicale最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Detection of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. in Ruminants from Twelve Provinces of China","authors":"Haixiang Qiu, P. Kelly, Jilei Zhang, Q. Luo, Yi Yang, Y. Mao, Zhangping Yang, Jing Li, Hongzhuan Wu, Chengming Wang","doi":"10.1155/2016/9183861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9183861","url":null,"abstract":"Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. are tick-transmitted bacteria that are of significant economic importance as they can infect large and small ruminants and also people. There is little information on anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis in ruminants in China. 16S rRNA FRET-qPCRs were used to screen convenience whole blood samples from 2,240 domestic ruminants in 12 provinces of China for Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. Positive samples were further analyzed with a standard PCR for the gltA. Anaplasma spp. DNA was detected in the sheep (11.7%; 13/111), goats (81.8%; 219/270), cattle (13.2%; 241/1,830), and water buffaloes (6.9%; 2/29). Ehrlichia spp. DNA was detected in sheep (1.8%; 2/111), goats (1.1%; 3/270), and cattle (3.6%; 65/1830) but not in water buffaloes (0/29). Sequencing of gltA PCR products showed that A. marginale, A. ovis, Ehrlichia canis, and Ehrlichia sp. (JX629807) were present in ruminants from China, while the 16S rRNA FRET-qPCR sequence data indicated that there might also be A. platys, A. phagocytophilum, Anaplasma sp. BL126-13 (KJ410243), and Anaplasma sp. JC3-6 (KM227012). Our study shows that domestic ruminants from China are not uncommonly infected with a variety of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp.","PeriodicalId":22481,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien des Maladies Infectieuses et de la Microbiologie Médicale","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90635693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “A Cluster of Three Cases of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome among Canadian Military Personnel”","authors":"J. Clement, P. Maes, V. Saegeman, K. Lagrou, M. Van Ranst, Å. Lundkvist","doi":"10.1155/2016/7458409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7458409","url":null,"abstract":"Comment on \"A Cluster of Three Cases of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome among Canadian Military Personnel\"","PeriodicalId":22481,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien des Maladies Infectieuses et de la Microbiologie Médicale","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89476903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Virulence and Antifungal Resistance in Clinical Strains of Candida albicans","authors":"Eric Monroy-Pérez, G. Paniagua-Contreras, Pamela Rodríguez-Purata, Felipe Vaca-Paniagua, Marco Vázquez-Villaseñor, Clara E. Díaz-Velásquez, Alina Uribe-García, S. Vaca","doi":"10.1155/2016/5930489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5930489","url":null,"abstract":"Antifungal resistance and virulence properties of Candida albicans are a growing health problem worldwide. To study the expression of virulence and azole resistance genes in 39 clinical strains of C. albicans, we used a model of infection of human vaginal epithelial cells with C. albicans strains isolated from Mexican women with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). The strains were identified by PCR amplification of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions of rRNA. The detection and expression of virulence genes and azole resistance genes MDR1 and CDR1 were performed using PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. All strains were sensitive to nystatin and 38 (97.4%) and 37 (94.9%) were resistant to ketoconazole and fluconazole, respectively. ALS1, SAP4–SAP6, LIP1, LIP2, LIP4, LIP6, LIP7, LIP9, LIP10, and PLB1-PLB2 were present in all strains; SAP1 was identified in 37 (94.8%) isolates, HWP1 in 35 (89.7%), ALS3 in 14 (35.8%), and CDR1 in 26 (66.6%). In nearly all of the strains, ALS1, HWP1, SAP4–SAP6, LIP1–LIP10, PLB1, and PLB2 were expressed, whereas CDR1 was expressed in 20 (51.3%) and ALS3 in 14 (35.8%). In our in vitro model of infection with C. albicans, the clinical strains showed different expression profiles of virulence genes in association with the azole resistance gene CDR1. The results indicate that the strains that infect Mexican patients suffering from VVC are highly virulent and virtually all are insensitive to azoles.","PeriodicalId":22481,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien des Maladies Infectieuses et de la Microbiologie Médicale","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80844451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal Microbiota as an Alternative Therapeutic Target for Epilepsy","authors":"Jia-ying Wu, Yuyu Zhang, Hongyu Yang, Yuefeng Rao, Jing Miao, Xiaoyang Lu","doi":"10.1155/2016/9032809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9032809","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy is one of the most widespread serious neurological disorders, and an aetiological explanation has not been fully identified. In recent decades, a growing body of evidence has highlighted the influential role of autoimmune mechanisms in the progression of epilepsy. The hygiene hypothesis draws people's attention to the association between gut microbes and the onset of multiple immune disorders. It is also believed that, in addition to influencing digestive system function, symbiotic microbiota can bidirectionally and reversibly impact the programming of extraintestinal pathogenic immune responses during autoimmunity. Herein, we investigate the concept that the diversity of parasitifer sensitivity to commensal microbes and the specific constitution of the intestinal microbiota might impact host susceptibility to epilepsy through promotion of Th17 cell populations in the central nervous system (CNS).","PeriodicalId":22481,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien des Maladies Infectieuses et de la Microbiologie Médicale","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90793320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 58-Year-Old Female with Progressive Cough and Right Shoulder Pain","authors":"S. Thakore, F. Khasawneh","doi":"10.1155/2016/3049298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3049298","url":null,"abstract":"Cavitary pneumonia in immunocompromised patients is a challenging entity. Establishing accurate diagnosis and starting effective antibiotics are essential steps towards improving outcome. A 58-year-old stem cell transplant patient was admitted to the hospital with necrotizing pneumonia caused by nocardia. The disease progressed despite of aggrieve antimicrobial therapy. Nocardiosis continues to be a difficult disease to diagnose and treat.","PeriodicalId":22481,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien des Maladies Infectieuses et de la Microbiologie Médicale","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81627082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Risk Factors for Antibiotic Resistance in Patients with Nosocomial Infections Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"M. Ç. Sonmezer, G. Ertem, F. Erdinc, Esra Kaya Kılıç, N. Tulek, A. Adiloğlu, Ç. Hatipoğlu","doi":"10.1155/2016/1321487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1321487","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is resistant to various antibiotics and can cause serious nosocomial infections with high morbidity and mortality. In this clinical study, we investigated the risk factors in patients who were diagnosed with P. aeruginosa-related nosocomial infection. Methods. A retrospective case control study including patients with P. aeruginosa-related nosocomial infection. Patients who were resistant to any of the six antibiotics (imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and ceftazidime) constituted the study group. Results. One hundred and twenty isolates were isolated. Various risk factors were detected for each antibiotic in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, previous cefazolin use was found as an independent risk factor for the development of imipenem resistance (OR = 3.33; CI 95% [1.11–10.0]; p = 0.03), whereas previous cerebrovascular attack (OR = 3.57; CI 95% [1.31–9.76]; p = 0.01) and previous meropenem use (OR = 4.13; CI 95% [1.21–14.07]; p = 0.02) were independent factors for the development of meropenem resistance. For the development of resistance to ciprofloxacin, hospitalization in the neurology intensive care unit (OR = 4.24; CI 95% [1.5–11.98]; p = 0.006) and mechanical ventilator application (OR = 11.7; CI 95% [2.24–61.45]; p = 0.004) were independent risk factors. Conclusion. The meticulous application of contact measures can decrease the rate of nosocomial infections.","PeriodicalId":22481,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien des Maladies Infectieuses et de la Microbiologie Médicale","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74173982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella and Shigella Species Isolated from Outpatients, Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia","authors":"Tesfahun Lamboro, T. Ketema, K. Bacha","doi":"10.1155/2016/4210760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4210760","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella among outpatients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. Cross-sectional study was conducted involving a total of 176 outpatients. Stool specimens from both adult and pediatric outpatients were collected and analyzed for the presence of presumptive Salmonella and Shigella colonies followed by confirmation by biochemical tests. Pure cultures of Salmonella and Shigella species were further subjected to test for antibiotic resistance against the commonly used antibiotics. Furthermore, growth potential of the isolates in selected foods items was assessed following standard procedures. The result indicated that the prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella among outpatients in the study area was 19 (10.8%) and 2 (1.1%), respectively. In addition, Salmonella species were resistant to ampicillin (100%) followed by tetracycline (47.4%) and nalidixic acid (26.3%) while Shigella species were highly resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline (100%, each). Multidrug resistance towards maximum of four drugs was observed in both pathogens. The pathogens were observed growing to their infective dose within 24 hours. In conclusion, Salmonella and Shigella are still among microbes of public health importance in the study area. Thus, this calls for frequent monitory and evaluation of their prevalence and drug resistance patterns besides awareness development on water sanitation and hygienic food handling practices to the public at large.","PeriodicalId":22481,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien des Maladies Infectieuses et de la Microbiologie Médicale","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82520351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae type A in children in Canada’s north: A priority for prevention","authors":"Andrée-Anne Boisvert, D. Moore","doi":"10.1155/2015/613820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/613820","url":null,"abstract":"Haemophilus influenzae type B (HiB) was the major cause of meningitis and a frequent cause of other invasive infections in young children until an effective vaccine became available in the early 1990s. In the prevaccine era, the estimated yearly incidence of invasive disease in the United States (US) for children <5 years of age was 40 to 100 cases per 100,000. Infection rates were highest in Aboriginal children (1). For Inuit children <5 years of age residing in the Keewatin district in Nunavut, the rate of HiB meningitis alone was 530 cases per 100,000 (2); however, HiB infection is now rare. Immunization against HiB protects against disease and also reduces carriage of this organism. After the remarkable success of the conjugate HiB vaccine in controlling HiB, there has been concern about the possibility of serotype replacement, as has been observed with pneumococcus (1,3,4). Historically, invasive infections involving H influenza serotypes other than B were sporadic and rare (5). However, in recent years, increasing rates of invasive infection due to H influenzae type A (HiA) have been reported in the Canadian north, as well as in Alaska (USA) and in Aboriginal populations in the southwestern US and Australia (1,6,7). In Alaska, where surveillance for all invasive H influenzae infections has been onging since 1983, HiA was not detected before 2002 (8). Between 2002 and 2005, rates for Indigenous children <2 years of age in northern Canada and Alaska were 101.9 and 20.9 per 100,000, respectively (3). An incidence of 87.5 per 100,000 for children <2 years of age was reported in the Canadian circumpolar region from 2000 to 2010 (6). In 2001, in the Keewatin region of Nunavut, the rate for children <5 years of age was 418.8 per 100,000 (9). Outbreaks occurred in Alaska in 2003 and 2009 to 2011 (3,8), as well as in Nunavik, northern Quebec, from 2012 to 2013 (10). Recurrent disease has been reported in three apparently healthy children who were <10 months of age at initial infection (11,12). Case fatality rates of 5.5% to 16% have been observed (6,8,9). HiA infections in the non-Aboriginal population in the US remain rare (13). In Quebec, before 2010, there were one or two cases of invasive HiA infection per year, with no cases from Nunavik. There was an average of four cases per year in Nunavik from 2010 to 2012, and 10 cases in 2013. Most cases involved young children, and presentations included meningitis, septicemia, septic arthritis and bacteremic pneumonia. Infection rates for 2010 to 2013 were 330.1 and 191.4 cases per 100,000 for children <1 year of age and one to four years of age, respectively, compared with an overall rate in Quebec of 2.0 and 0.8 for these age groups. There were two deaths in 2013, an infant six months of age and another 10 months of age (10). Children from Nunavik are transferred to the Montreal Children’s Hospital (Montreal, Quebec) if they require care that cannot be provided in the north. There were no children tra","PeriodicalId":22481,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien des Maladies Infectieuses et de la Microbiologie Médicale","volume":"1 1","pages":"291 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82819481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Michel G Bergeron “MGB” – a true success","authors":"Rabeea F. Omar, M. Boissinot, Charlotte Giguère, S. Trottier, D. Beauchamp, Brigitte Lambert, Camille B Vincent","doi":"10.1155/2015/837690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/837690","url":null,"abstract":"and has been director since then. He has now decided to pass the torch as director, but will remain a researcher at the IDRC. As a way to express their sincere gratitude toward all that Dr Bergeron has achieved throughout the years, some of his closest collaborators have written a tribute to their colleague, mentor and friend. Dr Michel G. Bergeron a fondé, il y a plus de 40 ans, le Centre de recherche en infectiologie (CRI) dans la ville de Québec, et a été directeur depuis. Il a maintenant décidé de passer le flambeau en tant que directeur, mais restera comme chercheur au CRI. Dans le but d'exprimer leur sincère gratitude envers tout ce que le Dr Bergeron a fait au fil des ans, certains de ses plus proches collaborateurs ont écrit un hommage à leur collègue, mentor et ami. In 1963, Michel faced his first important career dilemma. After graduating from the Académie de Québec, while studying music (trumpet) at the Conservatoire de musique du Québec, in Quebec, he had to choose between his two passions: music and medicine. After discussion with his music professor, Michel decided to attend medical school, but music has always remained very important in his life. In his early work as a young MD, after tending to a hospital patient who had a heart infection and was successfully treated, Michel had to review the literature on cardiac infections all night to present the case to rounds the next morning. He was so moved by this field that he decided to specialize in infectious diseases, which became his priority over the next 40 years. Dr Bergeron received training in infectious diseases and was stimulated by the passion of two great sci-The passionate and enthusiastic Michel came back to Quebec from Boston and created the Infectious Diseases Research Center (IDRC) at Université Laval (Quebec City, Quebec). He collaborated with and was mentored by Dr Léo Gauvreau. Over the years, Michel established critical research projects to tackle infectious diseases on three main fronts: prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Today, the IDRC is one of Canada's biggest research centres in infectious diseases, and is renowned internationally for its excellence. It has 12 fundamental researchers (PhD), 12 clinical researchers (MD), 13 project managers (PhD), 41 research professionals and 55 graduate students (MSc and PhD students), in addition to summer students and research administrative staff, all totaling close to 200 …","PeriodicalId":22481,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien des Maladies Infectieuses et de la Microbiologie Médicale","volume":"43 1","pages":"287 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82210413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relapse of visceral leishmaniasis in an HIV-infected patient successfully treated with a combination of miltefosine and amphotericin B","authors":"Shauna McQuarrie, Ken Kasper, D. Moffatt, Daniel Marko, Y. Keynan","doi":"10.1155/2015/176545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/176545","url":null,"abstract":"Transmitted by the bite of female sandflies, leishmaniasis is a protozoal infection. Visceral leishmaniasis, which is usually transmitted by Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum, occurs when the reticuloendothelial system is affected, and is more severe in HIV-infected patients because it increases HIV viral replication, as described in this case report. The authors also describe gastrointestinal complications that occurred in both this case and in other visceral leishmaniasis cases from the literature.","PeriodicalId":22481,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien des Maladies Infectieuses et de la Microbiologie Médicale","volume":"26 1","pages":"325 - 329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73114225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}