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Microwave spectroscopy for pyrolytic bio-slurries 热解生物浆料的微波光谱
2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508275
A. Göller, B. Jungstand, N. Dahmen, K. Raffelt
{"title":"Microwave spectroscopy for pyrolytic bio-slurries","authors":"A. Göller, B. Jungstand, N. Dahmen, K. Raffelt","doi":"10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508275","url":null,"abstract":"The elemental composition of bio-slurry as intermediate for renewable fuel production in the bioliq® process of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, its water content and heating value have to be controlled carefully to regulate the gasification process and to adjust the gasification products. The continuous knowledge of the bio-slurry composition is very important for this. Microwave spectroscopic measuring methods in connection with a multivariate data analysis to data evaluation are, however, well suited for solving such measuring tasks. This was the motivation to evaluate the use of microwave spectroscopy techniques for following up the properties of bio-slurry in the bioliq® process. Two different microwave spectroscopic measuring systems were tested in this application. A large number of test measurements was carried out, with good results.","PeriodicalId":224651,"journal":{"name":"2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116271844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Novel Sample Holder for S11 Calibration Using SOM for Dielectric Measurement in Liquids via the Cut-off Waveguide Reflection Method 基于截止波导反射法的液体介质介质测量用SOM校准S11的新型样品架
2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508304
K. Shibata
{"title":"A Novel Sample Holder for S11 Calibration Using SOM for Dielectric Measurement in Liquids via the Cut-off Waveguide Reflection Method","authors":"K. Shibata","doi":"10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508304","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a novel jig structure suitable for S11 calibration using SOM (short, open and reference material) termination was proposed as a preliminary step for dielectric measurement in liquids via the cut-off circular waveguide reflection method. Specifically, for realization of S11 calibration with reliable short termination, the inner diameter of the waveguide of the jig was set to be slightly larger than the inner diameter of the outer conductor of the coaxial line in order to ensure that the short element remains in contact with the outer conductor (ground plane) of the coaxial line due to its placement in the waveguide. S11 at the front of the sample was calibrated with SOM conditions using a jig with this structure and a jig for press-fitting a short round bar via a VNA (vector network analyzer) in the frequency band of 0.50 to 3.0 GHz. Pure water was used as the standard material, and S11 was measured with various liquids in the jig. These outcomes indicated the validity of S11 calibration method with the proposed structure.","PeriodicalId":224651,"journal":{"name":"2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129989846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Compare of Satellite-based Soil Moisture Products and Western Siberia In-situ Data 卫星土壤水分产品与西伯利亚西部实测数据的比较
2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508294
A. Yashchenko
{"title":"Compare of Satellite-based Soil Moisture Products and Western Siberia In-situ Data","authors":"A. Yashchenko","doi":"10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508294","url":null,"abstract":"The result of the comparison of satellite-based soil moisture products and in-situ data are presented. The data obtained by the SMOS and SMAP spacecraft were used. The in-situ soil moisture content was measured via a thermogravimetric approach. The absolute values of in-situ and satellite-based soil moisture have differed values on several samples. This may be due to both measurement errors and inaccuracies in the soil moisture retrieval algorithm.","PeriodicalId":224651,"journal":{"name":"2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122293206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The use of a symmetrical signal to measure soil moisture, selected technical aspects 采用对称信号测量土壤湿度，选择技术方面
2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508315
A. Wilczek, M. Kafarski, J. Majcher, A. Szypłowska, A. Lewandowski, W. Skierucha
{"title":"The use of a symmetrical signal to measure soil moisture, selected technical aspects","authors":"A. Wilczek, M. Kafarski, J. Majcher, A. Szypłowska, A. Lewandowski, W. Skierucha","doi":"10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508315","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the moisture content of porous materials such as soil with time domain dielectric methods involves determining the propagation velocity of an alternating electrical signal in the transmission line. For the transmission methods the propagation velocity is calculated from the knowledge of the signal delay time. In reflectometry methods, the signal runs back and forth in the line. To obtain the speed the double length of the line is divided by the time between the signal entering the line and its return. Both methods use step or needle pulse signals for excitation. Fast slopes of these signals shorter than 1ns allow for high selectivity to attenuation due to electrical conductivity. This is an important feature that distinguishes time domain dielectric methods from other dielectric methods. To achieve the described advantages at low cost of TDT sensor, a new patented sensing method is presented in this paper. For this purpose, sampling heads or fast ADCs are not needed. The paper presents the use of symmetrical signals to measure dielectric permittivity. Symmetrical signals are now widely used for high-speed data transmission. The latched comparators or digital gates used for this purpose are inexpensive and readily available. This eliminates the need for advanced signal processing. The motivation to undertake the research was to develop an inexpensive soil moisture measuring module for profile probes.","PeriodicalId":224651,"journal":{"name":"2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA)","volume":"491 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116538129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Microwave Free Space Method Using Gain Enhanced Patch Antenna with Artificial Material 人造材料增益增强贴片天线的微波自由空间方法
2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508338
Yang-Lie Zhang, Takumu Imahori, Yoshikazu Fujita
{"title":"A Microwave Free Space Method Using Gain Enhanced Patch Antenna with Artificial Material","authors":"Yang-Lie Zhang, Takumu Imahori, Yoshikazu Fujita","doi":"10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508338","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a microwave free-space method using a gain enhanced patch antenna loaded with multiple layers of artificial dielectric materials. The artificial dielectric is a slab with 52×52mm2 square and 1.2mm thickness, consisting of 6 layers of printed circuit board (PCB). The free space setup is constructed by setting the multiple layers of artificial dielectric slabs in front of patch antennas to enhance the gain. The setup measures microwave attenuation and phase shift through a sawdust sample. The measured results agree well with those measured by the standard horn antennas.","PeriodicalId":224651,"journal":{"name":"2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122032183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Analytical approach to spatial distribution of water molecules by dielectric measurements 电介质测量水分子空间分布的分析方法
2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508319
S. Yagihara, Tetsuya Saito, Haruka Asano, K. Furuhata, Y. Maruyama, Hironobu Saito, H. Masuda, R. Kita, N. Shinyashiki
{"title":"Analytical approach to spatial distribution of water molecules by dielectric measurements","authors":"S. Yagihara, Tetsuya Saito, Haruka Asano, K. Furuhata, Y. Maruyama, Hironobu Saito, H. Masuda, R. Kita, N. Shinyashiki","doi":"10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508319","url":null,"abstract":"Analytical technique using the τ−β diagram offers variations to evaluate aqueous complex systems. Those recent applications of the fractal analysis offer us simple and clear understanding of water structures as one of most effective tools for moist materials including living tissues. The newer application studies are summarized as follows; 1. Only a single plot: comparison with our database, 2. Structured water: such as water in cement materials, 3. Ion migrations: Maxwell-Wagner effect, 4. Stability of materials including homeostasis for biological tissues. As the skin condition recovers over a longer period after coating glycerol aqueous solutions, the τ−β diagram indicated more typical hyperbolic behavior for plots obtained at 60 minutes after coating. This result indicates that the fractal analysis can be used for evaluations of homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":224651,"journal":{"name":"2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129232813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The State of Water in Frozen Fish 冷冻鱼中的水的状态
2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508306
P. B. Ishai, A. Greenbaum Gutina, I. Lunev, Y. Feldman
{"title":"The State of Water in Frozen Fish","authors":"P. B. Ishai, A. Greenbaum Gutina, I. Lunev, Y. Feldman","doi":"10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508306","url":null,"abstract":"We have investigated the dielectric permittivity of fresh and sea water fish flesh as a function of temperature. The measured spectra are complex with many overlain interfacial processes. However, 2 distinct process related to water-protein complexes can be identified. One is hydration water around proteins. The second is a glass forming process of unknown origin. The paper will discuss it possible origin and if it could be linked to anti-freeze properties in the flesh of fish.","PeriodicalId":224651,"journal":{"name":"2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129454635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards standardization of electromagnetic soil moisture measurements 迈向土壤湿度电磁测量的标准化
2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508309
W. Skierucha, M. Kafarski, A. Wilczek, A. Szypłowska, S. Jones, P. Sabouroux, David Robinson, J. Krupka, A. Lewandowski
{"title":"Towards standardization of electromagnetic soil moisture measurements","authors":"W. Skierucha, M. Kafarski, A. Wilczek, A. Szypłowska, S. Jones, P. Sabouroux, David Robinson, J. Krupka, A. Lewandowski","doi":"10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508309","url":null,"abstract":"The great number of electromagnetic sensors for the measurement of soil moisture that differ in measurement methods, price, shape, measurement volume, durability, etc. that are available on the market make a potential user confused about the choice. They cannot compare the respective measurement equipment because there is no easy and reliable way to do that. Growing concern about sustainable use of water resources for agricultural, industrial and domestic use as well as increasing market of respective measurement tools put pressure on the proper choice. The paper presents some issues and efforts in the direction to standardize electromagnetic measurements of soil moisture, especially in the part of selecting measurement methods and reference materials that could enable comparison of the performance of the commercially available dielectric sensors.","PeriodicalId":224651,"journal":{"name":"2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126345389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy with Coaxial Transmission Line Technique - A new inversion approach 宽带介质光谱同轴传输线技术——一种新的反演方法
2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508321
S. Schennen, N. Wagner, T. Günther, J. Igel
{"title":"Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy with Coaxial Transmission Line Technique - A new inversion approach","authors":"S. Schennen, N. Wagner, T. Günther, J. Igel","doi":"10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508321","url":null,"abstract":"Coaxial transmission line technique is widely used to deduce broadband dielectric spectra from measured scattering parameters. The inversion algorithm in frequently used proprietary software to determine electromagnetic properties of materials remains unknown as part of a commercial closed code. Against this background, we combine a forward operator, based on transmission line theory, with a Python-based open source inversion library for having full access to the inversion procedure including e.g. parameterization, error handling and regularization. Inversion results for Teflon, ethanol and a soil sample demonstrate, that our inversion scheme performs well in comparison to the commercial Keysight materials measurement suite.","PeriodicalId":224651,"journal":{"name":"2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127524385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating a low-cost self-manufactured Coaxial Open-Ended Probe for the Measurement of the Complex Permittivity of Granular Media 评估一种低成本的自制同轴开放式探针用于测量颗粒介质的复介电常数
2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508322
Juan D. González-Teruel, S. Jones, Jaime Giménez-Gallego, D. A. Robinson, A. Lozano-Guerrero, R. Torres-Sánchez
{"title":"Evaluating a low-cost self-manufactured Coaxial Open-Ended Probe for the Measurement of the Complex Permittivity of Granular Media","authors":"Juan D. González-Teruel, S. Jones, Jaime Giménez-Gallego, D. A. Robinson, A. Lozano-Guerrero, R. Torres-Sánchez","doi":"10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMA49699.2021.9508322","url":null,"abstract":"The measurement of the dielectric properties on moist substances has been proven to provide valuable information on the estimation of water content. Furthermore, the dielectric frequency spectrum seems promising as a source of information for the indirect determination of other useful physico-chemical properties of porous media, such as in soils. Access to dielectric spectroscopy measurements is limited due to the high cost and quality of the equipment used. Here, we evaluate the performance of a low-cost, self-manufactured open-ended coaxial probe for the measurement of the complex permittivity in the 10 to 500 MHz frequency range. The experimental probe is compared with a commercial model for measuring the dielectric properties of reference liquids. The tested probe has been found to provide accurate and reliable measurements of the complex permittivity, according to the reference values from the literature, for 50 to 500 MHz.","PeriodicalId":224651,"journal":{"name":"2021 13th International Conference on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances (ISEMA)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131273990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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