Tectonophysics最新文献

{"title":"Thermotectonic history of the Longshou Shan: From Paleozoic Tethys subduction to Cenozoic Tibetan Plateau growth","authors":"Ni Tao ,&nbsp;Ruohong Jiao ,&nbsp;Yiduo Liu ,&nbsp;Meinert Rahn ,&nbsp;Yunpeng Dong ,&nbsp;Hanjie Wen ,&nbsp;Haiqing Yan ,&nbsp;Jiangang Jiao ,&nbsp;Jun Duan ,&nbsp;Chen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Constraining exhumation and tectonic processes along an orogenic plateau's boundary provides important insights into the mechanisms leading to plateau expansion and crustal evolution. The Longshou Shan thrust belt (LSSTB) is located in the foreland of the northern Qilian Shan thrust belt, which is commonly regarded as the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The LSSTB is thus ideal for decoding the recent expansion of the Tibetan Plateau by tracking deformational pattern at its northeastern margin. In this study, the spatiotemporal characteristics of exhumation and deformation along the LSSTB are investigated by detailed analysis and numerical modeling of published and new thermochronological data. Five Proterozoic basement and intrusion samples yielded Cretaceous apatite fission-track central ages (126–74 Ma, with mean track lengths of 12.6–13.3 μm), and Late Cretaceous to Eocene apatite (U<img>Th)/He mean ages (84–51 Ma). Inverse thermal history modeling reveals multi-stage exhumation of the LSSTB in the Permo-Triassic, late Mesozoic, Paleogene, and post-middle Miocene. Permo–Triassic exhumation hints at a &gt; 250 Ma-old peneplain surface that may have formed in response to the closure of the Paleo-Tethys and Paleo-Asian oceans. Late Mesozoic exhumation likely resulted from intracontinental extensional deformation associated with tectonic processes at the Eurasian continental margin. Exhumation during the Paleogene was likely triggered by the India-Asia collision. Post-middle Miocene periods of uplifts along the reactivated Longshou Shan thrusts (no later than 10 Ma and 5 Ma on the southern and northern Longshou Shan Thrust, respectively) were driven by the northeastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau. Our results support the LSSTB as a long-lived block boundary since the Permo-Triassic and an emerging plateau boundary that has lately been reactivated by the Tibetan Plateau expansion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"895 ","pages":"Article 230560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneous Seasonal Deformation and Strain Budget in Himachal, NW Himalaya from new cGPS measurements: Hydrological and Seismic Hazard Implications","authors":"Prabhat Kumar ,&nbsp;Javed N. Malik ,&nbsp;Vineet K. Gahalaut","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>GPS measurements from 10 new permanent sites installed in Himachal, NW Himalaya are analysed with the primary objective to decipher the seasonal crustal deformation characteristics, its origins and hydrological implications. Additionally, we focus on the seismic hazard implications of the seasonal transients as well as of the long-term secular motion of GPS sites. Our findings suggest that the global hydrological loading models can relatively well explain the temporal surface displacements resulting from the monsoon rainfall in the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP) but poorly account for the winter snowfall in Higher Himalaya. The approximately elliptical horizontal seasonal motion of GPS sites seems to be controlled by the spatio-temporal variations in the monsoonal hydrological load over the IGP. The hydrological process derived from the GPS data suggests slow and steady recovery in the water storage in Himachal Himalaya. The more intriguing phenomena is reflected in the unusually high seasonal site uplift and the yearlong (mid-2020 – mid-2021) plunge in the water storage corresponding to the time-period of COVID-19 lockdown phases, which could be speculated as its indirect impact on the crustal deformation history. The seasonal strain analysis revealed significant spatial heterogeneity. The arc-normal and arc-parallel seasonal strain resulting from differential seasonal motion between GPS sites seems to be primarily localized in the vicinity of locking transition zone, while the locked segment is being largely translated without experiencing significant strain. The localized seasonal strain showed positive correlation with the background seismicity rate suggesting possible modulation of the earthquake nucleation process. The regional seismic hazard assessment suggests susceptibility to a future great earthquake of ∼M_w8.4. The additional observed equivalency between the updated strain budget (∼9.3 m) and the previously reported co-seismic displacement (∼9.3 m) during the last great earthquake around ∼1400–1500 CE, suggests a recurrence interval of ∼600 years for great earthquake events in Himachal Himalaya with significant reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"894 ","pages":"Article 230561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mantle conduits of the K-Pg Reunion mantle plume rise beneath the Indian subcontinent revealed by 3D magnetotelluric imaging","authors":"K.K. Abdul Azeez,&nbsp;K. Veeraswamy,&nbsp;Prasanta K. Patro,&nbsp;A. Manglik,&nbsp;Arvind K. Gupta,&nbsp;Prabhakar E. Rao,&nbsp;D. Hanmanthu ,&nbsp;B. Manoj Prabhakar ,&nbsp;B.D.N. Kishore","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The central-western region of the Indian subcontinent hosts the vast geological records of its evolution from the Archean to the Recent, including the youngest (∼65 Ma) episode of the Réunion mantle plume activity that produced a large igneous province, the Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP). A three-dimensional lithospheric resistivity image of central-western India is obtained to understand the lithospheric architecture and map any major eruption channels of the Deccan volcanism as no explicit geophysical revelation of such pathways of magma ascend has yet been made. Two high conductivity (&lt; 30 Ωm) pipe-like geometric features originating from a common deep mantle conductive zone under the Malwa plateau (northernmost lobe of the DVP) and its proximity are detected in the resistivity model. These are interpreted to be remnants of the hitherto unknown primary lithospheric pathways of magma ascent from the deep mantle melt-rich zone related to the Reunion mantle plume upwelling under central-western India. This study gives first compelling geophysical evidence of key eruptive centers of the massive Deccan volcanism in central-western India at a locale not anticipated earlier. High to moderate conductivity crustal zones and weak to moderate lithospheric mantle resistivity in most parts of the study region represent an intense and multiphase tectono-magmatic evolution of the region spanning from the Neoproterozoic to the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"894 ","pages":"Article 230558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A late Paleogene erosion event in the Sanshui Basin, southern margin of the South China Block and its tectonic significance","authors":"Peng Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaobin Shi ,&nbsp;Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Kui Liu ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Shen ,&nbsp;Ziqiang Ren ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiu Yang ,&nbsp;Yongbin Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ubiquitous onshore Cenozoic basins of the southern margin of the South China Block (SCB) systematically show a stratigraphic hiatus in the sedimentary succession. The absence of strata between the residual Paleogene and the overlying Quaternary in the onshore basin is a serious obstacle to reconstruct their evolutionary history and completely understand the tectonic evolution of the southern SCB margin. Using multiple independent methods, this study reconstructs the entire tectonic subsidence and uplift history in the Sanshui Basin. To do so, we first constrain the eroded thickness and initial erosion time between the Quaternary strata and the residual Huayong Formation (∼41 Ma). The results show that the erosion thickness at the unconformity in the northwestern Sanshui Basin was approximately 2200 m, and the erosion event lasted from approximately 29 Ma to the early Quaternary. The tectonic evolution of the Sanshui Basin during the Paleogene to early Quaternary was characterized by four successive tectonic episodes, three rifting events, and one uplift stage. The first rifting episode lasted from ca. 66–48 Ma, during which approximately 1000 m of tectonic subsidence accommodated the deposition of the Xinzhuangcun (66–59 Ma), Buxin (59–53 Ma), and Baoyue (53–48 Ma) formations. This was followed by the second and third rifting episodes from ca. 48–29 Ma, during which the average tectonic subsidence was approximately 650–850 m, and the residual Huayong Formation (ca. 48–41 Ma) and eroded strata (ca. 41–29 Ma) accumulated. From 29 Ma to the early Quaternary, a tectonic uplift of approximately 1150 m occurred, with a rate of 43 m/Myr, which triggered the erosion of most sediments deposited during the second and third rifting episodes. Our results strongly suggest that although the main depocenters were located offshore since the second rifting episode, rifting in the Sanshui Basin continued until the occurrence of the late Cenozoic erosion event. The differential evolution between uplift (and erosion) onshore and subsidence offshore since the late Paleogene is probably related to the coastward attenuation of southeastern extrusion caused by the Indo–Asian plate collision.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"894 ","pages":"Article 230557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The improved Moho depth imaging in the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone: A machine learning approach integrating seismic observations and satellite gravity data","authors":"Vahid Teknik","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Arabia-Eurasia convergences created one of the earth's topographic highs on the Central Tethys collisional belt. Despite the area's geological significance, a comprehensive and high-resolution map of Moho depth has been lacking due to the sparse and uneven distribution of seismically constrained Moho depth data. This study addresses this deficiency by compiling an extensive dataset of nearly 2500 seismically measured Moho depth points from 68 seismic local scale studies, resulting in the development of an updated seismically constrained Moho depth model (S-Moho) at a 0.5° × 0.5° spatial resolution. Despite some coverage gaps in the remote areas, the S-Moho model offers a more detailed view than previously available. To further improve the coverage of the S-Moho depth model, an incremental data-driven approach was employed. Initially, a gravity-based regression Moho depth model (SB-Moho) was developed by correlating S-Moho depth points with corresponding Bouguer anomalies. However, its accuracy was constrained by unaccounted isostatic and non-isostatic components. To address this limitation, a sliding window approach was applied to derive a windowed SB-Moho model (WSB-Moho). Additionally, a machine learning-based Moho model (ML-Moho) was developed using seismic Moho depth points along with 11 predictive variables. Both WSB-Moho and ML-Moho models demonstrated consistent and smooth Moho depth variations. The Zagros region reveals a prominent NW-SE oriented Moho depression (45-60 km thick), attributed to the underthrusting of the Arabian Plate beneath the Iranian Plateau. The models suggest that crustal thickening extends beyond tectonic boundaries, likely influenced by the dip of suture zones. In contrast, the crustal thickening in eastern Anatolia, northwest of the Zagros, is less pronounced, indicating different geodynamic processes. Strike-slip faulting and magmatic activity in this area contribute to a broader distribution of deformation compared to the more localized crustal thickening in the Zagros. In southeastern Zagros, strike-slip faults in central Iran accommodate much of the northward convergence of the Arabian Plate, thereby limiting the extent of crustal thickening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"893 ","pages":"Article 230553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Top-to-south shear at the base of the eastern Tethyan Himalayan Sequence during the Eocene-Oligocene Himalayan orogeny","authors":"Zhiqin Xu ,&nbsp;An Yin ,&nbsp;Hua Xiang ,&nbsp;Qin Wang ,&nbsp;Guangwei Li ,&nbsp;Hanwen Dong ,&nbsp;Hui Cao ,&nbsp;Jianguo Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The early mountain building processes in the Himalayan orogen are still not clear because of extensive deformation and metamorphism since the Miocene. A large gently dipping ductile shear zone, referred as the Tethyan Himalayan Décollement (THD), is defined here as the sole décollement of the south-verging Tethyan fold-and-thrust belt in the Lhozag-Cuona area of the eastern Himalayan orogen. The ∼4 km-thick THD is characterized by a top-to-south shear sense, moderate T/P Barrovian to high T/P Buchan type metamorphism and Eocene-Miocene partial melting. Zircon U-Pb dating of metasedimentary rocks and granitic gneisses from the THD yields protolith ages of the Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician. Based on structural analysis, zircon U-Pb ages, monazite U-Pb ages and mica ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar thermochronology, the THD was the boundary shear zone at the top of the Greater Himalayan Crystalline Complex (GHC) and accommodated the persistent north-south shortening in the Tethyan Himalayan Sequence (THS) from ∼50 Ma to 20–17 Ma. From ∼20–17 Ma, the top-to-north South Tibetan Detachment System (STDS) was predominantly activated to juxtapose the unmetamorphosed or low-grade THS over the GHC. This tectonic transition can be attributed to the roof collapse in the eastern Himalaya (younger than that of the central-western Himalaya), which triggered rapid exhumation of the GHC and the northern Tethyan Himalayan gneiss domes. Hence, the THD was the predecessor of the STDS and a prolonged pathway for leucogranitic melts from the Eocene to early Miocene. The transition from the THD-controlled crustal thickening in the Eocene and Oligocene to the STDS-controlled extrusion in the Miocene shed insights on a new synthesis of the tectonic wedging model for the Himalayan evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"895 ","pages":"Article 230552"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crustal silica content of East China: A seismological perspective and its significance","authors":"Ziwen Bao ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Yuan ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Gao ,&nbsp;Xianliang Huang ,&nbsp;Dequan Hong ,&nbsp;Hongyu Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>East China has experienced multiple periods of tectonic movements, which have contributed to the composition and rheological properties of its present crust. Estimating the composition of the crust is crucial for understanding the tectonic processes. Based on the teleseismic receiver functions with data from the National Seismic Network of China, we applied the H-κ-c method to obtain the crustal bulk <em>V</em>_<em>P</em><em>/V</em>_<em>S</em> ratio and to constrain the SiO₂ content in the crust. We estimated the SiO₂ content to range from 50.89 wt% to 73.51 wt%, with an average value of 65.87 wt%, indicating a predominant felsic composition of the East China's crust. Our study suggests that the North-South Gravity Lineament (NSGL) is an approximate delimitator of the felsic and mafic crust in East China, hinting at a widespread deficiency of mafic lower crust in the east of the NSGL. The mafic crust is extensively distributed in the Taihang orogenic region (TSR) and WuLingshan gravity gradient belts (WLG), particularly in the Datong volcanic area, which manifests the mantle materials intraplating. The scatteredly distributed mafic crust at the east of the NSGL is mainly concentrated in the southeast coast of China and in the intersection region of the Tanlu Fault (TLF) and Sulu region. In Sulu region, the TLF may primarily provide a channel for the thermal intrusion from the underlying mantle lithosphere, which has increased the mafic content. The Pacific/Philippine Sea plate subduction has triggered a significant amount of crust-mantle material exchange below southeast China that resulted in a high degree of mafic crustal composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"893 ","pages":"Article 230554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geophysical characterization of an alkaline‑carbonatite complex using gravity and magnetic methods at Magnet Cove, Arkansas, USA","authors":"Chelsea M. Amaral ,&nbsp;Andrew P. Lamb ,&nbsp;Gregory Dumond","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Magnet Cove alkaline‑carbonatite complex (MCC), located in the Ouachita Mountains of south-central Arkansas in the United States, hosts an extensive variety of rare rock types and critical mineral resources with physical properties (density and magnetization) that contrast significantly with the sedimentary rocks into which they have intruded. Newly acquired ground-based gravity and magnetic data were used to develop two-dimensional and three-dimensional geophysical models of the Cretaceous-aged Magnet Cove intrusive complex. The models reveal that the MCC: (1) widens out at middle crustal depths to as much 22 km across, and may reach a depth of 20 km; (2) has a total volume (exposed and subsurface) that may be over 800 km³; (3) is likely connected at depth to other intrusions in the Arkansas alkaline province; and (4) has a geometry that is aligned with pre-existing structures such as the Reelfoot rift and the Ouachita orogenic belt, some of which were likely structurally controlled by the Precambrian crystalline basement and the continent-ocean transition zone buried beneath the Ouachita orogen. For the first time, the magnetic models of the MCC account for the presence of strong remanent magnetization. This results in a geophysical workflow necessary to accurately interpret magnetic anomalies over the much larger Arkansas alkaline province, its geologic and structural framework, and critical mineral potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"893 ","pages":"Article 230545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subsurface basement structures of the Usangu basin, East African rift system, with implications for basin structural configuration and hydrocarbon potential","authors":"Edward Pastory ,&nbsp;Gabriel D. Mulibo ,&nbsp;Isaac M. Marobhe","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Usangu basin is a rift basin developed along the Eastern arm of the East African rift system trending in the NE-SW direction. Although the general structures of the basin have been well studied, the structural configuration of the basin and the spatial and depth variations of sediment thickness are still not well known. This study investigates the structures related basement configuration and the variation of sediment thickness within the basin using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), aeromagnetic and gravity data. Results from DEM data indicate a few lineaments on the basin flanks representing the Usangu and Chimala border faults with no structures in the central part of the basin. The aeromagnetic and gravity data highlight three sets of normal and strike-slip faults, most of which trend NE-SW and others NNE-SSW, while a few trends WNW-ESE or NW-SE. Structures on the southwest of the basin reveal complex patterns attributed to the concentration of important tectonic and seismic activities in the study area. The Euler deconvolution and gravity models used to calculate the depth to the basement show that the basement is shallow in the north and south to southwest, and the basin deepens in the northeastern, northwestern and western parts. The findings also reveal that the basin has two grabens, troughs, depression and intrabasinal basement trending in the same direction as the basin configuration. The general thickness of sediments filling the basin ranges from 3 to 4.5 km, with the maximum accumulation of sediments reaching up to 4.8 km in the two depocenters at the south and southwest of the basin. The depth range of the sediments obtained implies that the basin has potential for hydrocarbon exploration with the possibility of natural gas occurrence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"893 ","pages":"Article 230544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When did the Dead Sea fault become a transform?","authors":"Amit Segev ,&nbsp;Nadav Wetzler ,&nbsp;Uri Schattner","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study re-evaluates the ∼20 Myr development of the Dead Sea Fault System (DSFS) and its tectonic definition as a transform plate boundary. The DSFS conveys sinistral displacement between the Arabian-Sinai plates: ∼105 km along its ∼400 km-long southern segment (Gulf of Aqaba-Eilat to the Hula basin); ∼90 km and 4–16 km along the central and northern segments (∼190 km long each, across Lebanon, western Syria, and southern Turkey). A review of previous studies, combined with new seismological data analysis, associates the northward displacement decline with obstacles along the DSFS propagation path. During the Miocene, DSFS propagated up to the NW-trending Irbid rift (1st obstacle) and splayed NW towards the Mediterranean and NE along the Late Cretaceous Palmyra fold-thrust belt (2nd obstacle). Its reactivation uplifted the Hermon and the Anti-Lebanon mountain ranges. Northward DSFS propagation into the cold and rigid Aleppo plateau lithosphere (3rd obstacle) was stalled until the early Pliocene (∼5 Ma), when volcanism and ongoing regional tectonic forcing enabled the DSFS to shift to the Yammouneh fault and rupture through the Missyaf-Ghab branch farther north (central and northern segments, respectively). During the Pleistocene-recent, connection of the DSFS with the ophiolite belt and East Anatolian Fault System (EAFS) along the Bitlis suture zone (4th obstacle) has not yet been established. Seismological data show a clear separation between the EAFS and the DSFS, while seismicity is scattered across the Aleppo plateau and the central and northern DSFS segments. In contrast, seismicity is localized along the southern DSFS segment. Our findings suggest that, at present, the DSFS has still not made a structural, seismologic, and tectonic connection with the EAFS. Hence, we redefine the DSFS as a pre-transform and suggest its interaction with the EAFS is a world-class example of a fault-fault-fault triple junction in the making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"892 ","pages":"Article 230543"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}